Güntersberg (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of those of Güntersberg
Coat of arms of the Swedish-Livonian branch of Güntersberg

Güntersberg in Sweden and Livonia partly Güntersberch in Denmark Gyntelberg or Güntelberg , is the name of an old Neumark and Pomeranian rule noble family . Only the Danish branch still exists.

history

Origin and early period

There are several plausible explanations about the origin of the family. However, it is certain that the Güntersberg came to Pomerania before 1278 and took their seat in Ravenstein . As early as 1283 Jacobo de Guntersberch was mentioned in a document as a witness for Duke Bogislaw IV . From 1296 the Güntersberg also appear in the Neumark between Soldin and Wałcz , but especially in the area around Kallies .

The Güntersberg provided knights of the Johanniter and Teutonic orders . Two family members exercised the office of master master of the Johanniter-Balley Brandenburg in the order castle Sonnenburg , others went as canons of the cathedral in the diocese of Cammin .

In 1402, Henning von Güntersberg is said to have taken the name of his estate Zadow. His descendants are the von Zadow family, which continues to this day , to which Ingeborg von Zadow also belongs.

Neumark

The Güntersberg spread especially in the Neumark in the areas around Dramburg and Arnswalde , where they belonged to the most powerful families. The most important castle of the Lords of Güntersberg was Kallies, which the family owned from 1374 to 1731.

Gut Groß Silber around 1860, Alexander Duncker collection

Other goods were Liebenow and Groß Silber , but she also owned properties near Soldin, Königsberg , Landsberg and Wałcz and Chodzież in Poland . A long and violent feud between the Güntersberg and the equally powerful Wedel is known , which was settled with the marriage of Ulgard von Güntersberg and Zyls von Wedel in 1424.

Pomerania

By the beginning of the 14th century at the latest, the family also settled in Pomerania, especially in the later Saatzig district . The local town of Jacobshagen derives its name from Jacob von Güntersberg , who granted it town charter in 1336. Important Pomeranian goods under the extensive property of the family were Groß Weckow near Cammin and Reichenbach near Pyritz .

The last of the male offspring of the entire family came from Pomerania, with the exception of the Danish branch Güntelberg / Gyntelberg , Colonel Georg Wilhelm von Güntersberg († 1799). He was the long-time regimental commander of Infantry Regiment No. 8 . Although his natural son, August Gottlieb, was authorized to use his father's name and coat of arms in 1787, nothing further is known of his whereabouts.

Denmark and Norway

In the years 1536–1538 the German courtier Jørgen Güntersberg is mentioned as the earliest member of the family in the castle camp in Dragsholm.

Henrich von Güntersbergs from Pomerania, married to Kristine Foss , had a son Axel Henrichson Güntersberg († 1588). This married in Norway with Kristine Trondsdatter Benkestok (* 1530 in Meløy , † 1572 in Brønnøy ). , Married his 11 children Karen Axel Datter Gyntelberg the in Scotland -born, according to Denmark relocated Andrew (Anders) Movat , son of Patrick (Bertel) Movat , owner of Bohquholly in the Scottish Banffshire . Karen Gyntelberg's mother-in-law was Barbara Sinclair , owner of Raffuenshøg in Norway. Another daughter Sofie Axelsdatter Güntersberg married Magnus Heinason , another, Magdalena Axelsdatter Gyntersberg (* 1562; † after 1632), heiress of Meløy and the last of this house, married Henrik von Ahlefeldt .

Eski Güntelberg , Herr auf Fritsøgaard married to Mette Krukow , had a son Jens Eskisøn Güntelberg , Herr auf Gundestrup, who burned down completely during his lifetime and was replaced by the new Simondrop building, which represented a serious economic turning point for the family, was with Kirsten Mogensdatter Lille married before 1580. His family continues in Denmark under the name Güntelberg or Gyntelberg to this day.

Sweden and Livonia

At the beginning of the 17th century the first relatives appeared in the Swedish service and on Livonian goods. A little later, the family's sons attend Dorpat University , where they make officers in the Swedish army. In 1664 it was introduced into the Swedish nobility .

Britta Sophia von Güntersberg married the Swedish lieutenant general and governor of Wismar Hans Isaak Freiherr Ridderhielm († August 13, 1709 in Wismar), her sister Anna Margaretha von Güntersberg (born September 16, 1663; † December 18, 1743) married the later Swedish one in 1685 Major General Johan Otto von Vicken (July 14, 1657 - September 1, 1750). Margarethe Elisabeth von Güntersberg (born March 10, 1692 in Reval ; † March 28, 1780 in Reval), married Gotthard Johann von Zoege , Count Manteuffel (* 1690; † March 22, 1780 in Reval) in 1713 .

At the time this branch existed, the Güntersberg were able to take possession of the Baltic goods Attomoise, Hastfershof, Kaugositz, Metzküll, Moisekatz, Moiseküll, Pakkast, Takhof and Uddern. In Sweden they owned Gärahov, Herjanorm and Laisholm, and there is a hereditary burial in the church in Byarum, Jönköping . With the Swedish lieutenant in the Södermans Regiment, Carl Christopher Güntersberch , this branch also died out in the male line in 1718.

coat of arms

The family coat of arms shows a silver diagonal bar with three black boar heads with knocked out tongues in the red shield. On the helmet a red pointed cap, covered with the shield image. The helmet covers are red and silver.

The coat of arms of the Danish branch Gyntelberg / Güntelberg differs a little in the shield, but especially in the crest. The sloping beam is covered with three boar heads growing to the left; on the helmet two averted boar heads, in between a silver one between two red ostrich feathers.

Also slightly different is the coat of arms of the Swedish-Livonian branch: here in the shield a diagonal left bar, on the helmet a brimmed hat with three ostrich feathers, black, red, white.

Relatives

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Mecklenburg record book . Volume 3, p. 103, no.1697
  2. ^ Adolf Wilhelm Ernst von Winterfeld: History of the Knightly Order of St. Johannis from Spital zu Jerusalem. Berlin 1859, pp. 685-688 and 701-702
  3. ^ Adolph Friedrich Riedel : Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis . Part 1, Volume 18, S: 151, LXXXVI
  4. ↑ Store norske leksikon . (Norwegian)
  5. ↑ Karen Axel Datter Gyntelberg, (Güntelberg)