Battle of Ölper (1761)
| date | October 13, 1761 |
|---|---|
| place | Oil per |
| output | Victory of the Brunswick over the Saxons and the French |
| Parties to the conflict | |
|---|---|
| Commander | |
|
Brigadier Valton |
|
| Troop strength | |
| around 1700 | |
| losses | |
|
4 officers and 145 NCOs and men |
52 officers and 430 NCOs and men (captured) |
European theater of war:
Pirna * - Lobositz * - Prague * - Kolin * - Hastenbeck ** - Groß-Jägersdorf * - Moys * - Hastenbeck * - Roßbach * - Breslau * - Leuthen * - Rheinberg ** - Krefeld ** - Domstadtl * - Olomouc * - More ** - Zorndorf * - Saint-Cast - Hochkirch * - Bergen ** - Kay * - Minden ** - Kunersdorf * - Lagos *** - Hoyerswerda * - Bay of Quiberon *** - Maxen * - Koßdorf * - Landeshut * - Emsdorf ** - Warburg ** - Liegnitz * - Berlin * - Kampen Monastery ** - Torgau * - Döbeln * - Vellinghausen ** - Ölper ** - Burkersdorf * - Reichenbach * - Freiberg *
(* Third Silesian War , ** western theater of war - Great Britain / Kur-Hanover and other allies against France , *** naval battle )
American theater:
Seven Years War in North America
Monongahela - Carillon - La Belle Famille - Québec - Beauport - Abraham Plain - Sainte-Foy - Restigouche
Asian theater:
Cuddalore - Negapatam - Pondicherry - Wandiwash - Manila
The battle at Ölper took place late into the night on October 13, 1761 between French-Saxon besiegers and a Braunschweig-Hanoverian relief army during the Seven Years' War .
prehistory
On October 8, 1761, Prince Xaver of Saxony attacked Wolfenbüttel with a Saxon-French corps , which surrendered two days later. Now Xaver's army turned against Braunschweig and began to siege the city on October 13th . In the city about 2,000 men under the orders of Lieutenant General von Imhoff were determined to defend it. The besiegers, in turn, prepared to storm the city. The Brunswick Prince Friedrich had left Hanover two days earlier with a relief army in the direction of Brunswick.
course
Prince Friedrich was well informed about the enemy troop formation through scouts. The bulk of the Franco-Saxon besiegers encamped at Riddagshausen and Broitzem , and on the Nußberg strong artillery was brought into position. A detachment of around 1,700 men was set up at Ölper to protect against relief . In Abbensen , Friedrich's relief army set out at around 1 p.m. and marched towards Ölper. Prince Friedrich had Imhoff informed of the impending reinforcement. An enemy patrol was ambushed at Wendezelle , which was reached well after nightfall, but shortly before Ölper, Prince Friedrich's vanguard got into a fight with a field guard, and the besiegers were warned by the shooting. During this skirmish, the Brunswick Major General von Rothenburg fell.
Prince Friedrich now ordered the bridge between Ölper and Braunschweig to be occupied, and while the Franco-Saxon troops were attacked by a Braunschweig detachment on the left flank, the main army, headed by Prince Friedrich, advanced directly through the village and the surrounding areas Hop gardens towards the enemy. The artillery that had been firing at the Brunswick army since the alert was captured, and the besiegers routed or taken prisoner.
Prince Friedrich moved into the city of Braunschweig to cheer. The next day the siege army of Prince Xaver withdrew to Wolfenbüttel. The Braunschweig troops lost around 150 men in this battle, the Franco-Saxon side reported that the casualties were higher, and 482 men were also captured.
literature
- Otto Elster: History of the troops in the Duchy of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel. 2nd volume 1714-1806 . Leipzig 1901
- Benno von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff : The cities of Braunschweig and Wolfenbüttel and the battle near Ölper on October 13/14 , 1761 , in: Braunschweigisches Jahrbuch, Volume 71, Braunschweig 1990, pp. 7-26
- Georg Ortenburg: Brunswick military. Elm Verlag, Cremlingen 1987, ISBN 3-980-02196-3
Web links
- Immota fides - the history of the Brunswick military
- Anna Louise Karschin's Ode on Relief from Braunschweig
Individual evidence
- ↑ v.Bohlen report of lieutenant. In: Otto Elster: History of the troops in the Duchy of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel. P. 300f.