Archdiocese of Olomouc

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Archdiocese of Olomouc
Map of the Archdiocese of Olomouc
Basic data
Country Czech Republic
Diocesan bishop Jan Graubner
Auxiliary bishop Josef Nuzík
Antonín Basler
Auxiliary Bishop Emeritus Josef Hrdlička
Vicar General Josef Nuzík
founding December 5, 1777
surface 10,018 km²
Dean's offices 21 (2018)
Parishes 418 (2016 / AP 2017 )
Residents 1,410,000 (2016 / AP 2017 )
Catholics 746,900 (2016 / AP 2017 )
proportion of 53%
Diocesan priest 246 (2016 / AP 2017 )
Religious priest 97 (2016 / AP 2017 )
Catholics per priest 2,178
Permanent deacons 33 (2016 / AP 2017 )
Friars 117 (2016 / AP 2017 )
Religious sisters 209 (2016 / AP 2017 )
rite Roman rite
Liturgical language Czech
cathedral St. Wenceslas Cathedral
Website www.ado.cz
Suffragan dioceses Diocese of Brno
Diocese of Ostrava-Troppau

The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Olomouc ( lat. : Archidioecesis Olomucensis , tschech. : Arcibiskupství olomoucké or Olomoucká Arcidiecéze ) is in the Czech Republic located Archdiocese of the Roman Catholic Church , based in Olomouc .

Olomouc was first mentioned as a diocese in 1063; it was under the Archdiocese of Prague until the 18th century . The bishops of Olomouc carried the title of prince (arch) bishop in the Holy Roman Empire .

On December 5, 1777, Olomouc was elevated to an archdiocese. At the same time the diocese of Brno was established as a suffragan of the archdiocese of Olomouc. Today the archbishopric essentially covers the region of North and Central Moravia ( Olomoucký kraj ) and is divided into 22 deaneries .

Coat of arms of the Archdiocese of Olomouc

history

Archdiocese of Moravia

In 863 Prince Rastislav of Moravia brought the monks Cyril and Method to a mission in his dominion. In 880 the Pope appointed Method the first archbishop for Pannonia and Moravia. The first Catholic archbishopric was established east of the Franconian Empire . His seat was probably in Veligrad , the center of the Moravian Empire at that time. After the death of Methods 885, Bishop Wiching of Nitra took over the administration of the archbishopric, apparently without having been formally appointed archbishop. Around 892 he had to leave the Moravian Empire.

Around 898/900 an embassy from Rome came from an archbishop and three bishops for the Moravian Empire. The archbishop probably sat again in Veligrad, a bishop probably again in Nitra, the seats of the others are unclear ( Krakow ?, Prague ?, Wroclaw ?). In 910 an archbishop and three bishops were named again.

In 976 a bishop Vratislav was mentioned who visited the Archdiocese of Mainz together with Bishop Thietmar of Prague . His diocese was not mentioned. Its name suggests a Moravian diocese. The bishops Johann and Sylvester were also mentioned.

Diocese of Olomouc

Coat of arms of a Prince Archbishop with princely and episcopal heraldic symbols of dignity.

In 1063 the Diocese of Olomouc was founded by Prince Vratislav II . The first bishop was Johann I. von Breunau. The territory of the diocese extended over the whole of Moravia . In the 13th century, Moravia had the largest density of parishes in Europe.

The Benedictine monasteries , who settled in the area from the 10th century, as well as the Premonstratensians and Cistercians played an important role both in pastoral care and in economic life . Their monasteries and buildings became the center of culture, art and education. On June 30, 1131, Bishop Heinrich Zdik moved the bishop's seat from St. Peter's Church to the newly built Wenceslas Cathedral .

The Thirty Years War left a wide trail of devastation in the country. The country had to be rebuilt and needed educated young people. These were mostly trained and educated in the schools and grammar schools (monasteries) of the local Piarist and Jesuit orders . Many of the graduates shaped the new life in Moravia, some of them later became popular educators.

During this war the construction of the bishop's palace, which was designed by Giovanni Pietro Tencalla and completed under Bishop Karl II of Liechtenstein-Kastelkorn in 1674, began.

Archdiocese of Olomouc

In 1777 it was raised to the status of an archbishopric.

In 1742 the Katscher Commissariat was set up for the part that had become Prussian .

General Vicariate Branitz

From the above The district of Katscher later became the General Vicariate of Branitz . The Branitz General Vicariate was divided into 41 parishes and six curatia. 83 priests officiated here. In 1940 it comprised around 81,000 believers in the area around Leobschütz in Upper Silesia. Politically belonging to Silesia, it was ecclesiastically under the rank of vicariate general of the Czech archdiocese of Olomouc.

20th century

German-language prayer and hymn book of the Archdiocese of Olomouc from 1937
Wenceslas Cathedral

In the years 1945 to 1947 the archbishopric lost its German believers through state-organized expulsion.

The use of the title Prince Archbishop and the use of the secular dignity associated with it (such as the prince's hat and coat ) was approved by Pope Pius XII in 1951 . also formally abolished.

During the totalitarian regime of Czechoslovakia , the chair of the Archbishop of Olomouc remained vacant from 1961 to 1989 after the death of Archbishop Josef Matocha , as the communist rulers prevented a new establishment by the Holy See . Only after the Velvet Revolution in November 1989 could the then 73-year-old František Vaňák be appointed and consecrated as Apostolic Administrator and shortly afterwards as Archbishop.

bishop

Metropolitan has been the former auxiliary bishop Jan Graubner since September 28, 1992 . He is the vice chairman of the Czech Bishops' Conference .

  • Figures at the Gothic Wenceslas Cathedral

  • Archbishop's Palace

  • Former university with Michaelskirche, today a seminary

  • Church of St. Michael , interior view

  • St. Mauritius Church

  • Maria Schnee church

  • Maria Schnee church , interior view

  • The Visitation of the Virgin Mary , Basilica in Svatý Kopeček

See also

literature

  • Josef Matzke : Moravia early Christianity (before 1126) , Hrgb. Sudeten German Priesthood in Königstein 1969
  • Josef Matzke : The Diocese of Olomouc in the High Middle Ages (1128 - 1281) , Hrgb. Sudeten German Priesthood in Königstein 1969
  • Josef Matzke : The Diocese of Olomouc from 1281 to 1578 , Hrgb. Sudeten German Priesthood in Königstein 1975
  • Josef Matzke : The Olomouc prince-bishops (1579 to 1776) , ed. Sudeten German Priesthood in Königstein 1974
  • Josef Matzke : The Archbishops of Olomouc (from 1777) , Hrgb. Sudeten German Priestly Society in Königstein 1973

Web links

Commons : Archdiocese of Olomouc  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Michael Hirschfeld: Catholic milieu and expellees . From the series of researches and sources on the church and cultural history of East Germany , Volume 33, Cologne 2002. p. 5
  2. ^ Franz Gall : Austrian heraldry. Handbook of coat of arms science. 2nd edition Böhlau Verlag, Vienna 1992, p. 219, ISBN 3-205-05352-4 .