Ustronie Morskie
| Ustronie Morskie | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | West Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Kołobrzeg | ||
| Gmina : | Ustronie Morskie | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 13 ' N , 15 ° 45' E | ||
| Residents : | 1800 | ||
| Postal code : | 78-111 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 94 | ||
| License plate : | ZKL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | DK 11 : Kołobrzeg - Koszalin - Bytom | ||
| Rail route : | Goleniów - Kołobrzeg - Koszalin | ||
| Next international airport : | Szczecin-Goleniów | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Rural community | ||
| Gmina structure: | 6 districts | ||
| Surface: | 57.27 km² | ||
| Residents: | 3665 (June 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 64 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 3208072 | ||
| Administration (as of 2016) | |||
| Community leader : | Jerzy Kołakowski | ||
| Address: | ul.Rolna 2 78-111 Ustronie Morskie |
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| Website : | www.ustronie-morskie.pl | ||
Ustronie Morskie (German Henkenhagen ) is a seaside resort on the Baltic Sea near Kołobrzeg (Kolberg) in the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship and the seat of a rural municipality of the same name.
In the powiat Kołobrzeski , to which it belongs, the community is now the largest Baltic Sea resort.
Geographical location
The municipality is located about 10 km east of Kołobrzeg in the central section of the Polish Baltic Sea coast in Western Pomerania .
In terms of transport, Ustronie Morskie is connected by the state road 11 (droga krajowa 11) between Kołobrzeg and Słupsk (Stolp) , which cuts through the municipality, as well as the parallel Koszalin – Goleniów railway .
history
Henkenhagen was owned by the von Kameke family in the late Middle Ages . In 1346 Peter von Kameke and his sons Peter, Swantes, Tessen and Mevius owned Henkenhagen. In the 18th and 19th centuries a conglomerate of districts Henkenhagen belonged to the Lassehne manor , which was owned by the Borcke family . Up until 1888, Oberhofmeister Heinrich Adrian von Borcke was the owner of this estate.
Until about the middle of the 19th century, the population of Henkenhagen lived mainly from agriculture. Until the beginning of the 19th century, Henkenhagen was actually a royal official village owned by the Kolberg city magistrate after a settlement concluded in 1628 with Duke Bogislaw XIV for an annual lease of 600 Reichstalers. Around 1780 the following were counted in Henkenhagen: six full farmers , one three-quarter farmer , two half-farmers , four kossäts , 15 Büdner and 43 fireplaces (households, including the Ulrichshof and the mountain sheep farm ). Henkenhagen also included the two hamlets Ziegenberg and Bodenhagen , not far from the center of the village in the Kolberg city forest , which, according to a confirmation certificate issued by Camminer Bishop Martin Karith in 1498 , had been donated to the city of Kolberg by Camminer Bishop Hermann von Gleichen in 1255.
Around 1780 the remaining parts of Henkenhagen, which belonged to the manor, included a full farmer, a three-quarter farmer, two cottages, an inn and a total of 18 households. The landowner also had the right to hunt in the Kolberg city forest.
From 1850 on, tourism developed very quickly in the place , and rural Henkenhagen temporarily accommodated more holiday guests than the neighboring, larger Kolberg, which may not have been due to the fact that an alleged miracle doctor practiced in the place who attracted additional spa guests. Around 1865 there were 25 residential buildings and 26 farm buildings in the village of Henkenhagen, and the number of inhabitants was over 1,000.
When Henkenhagen was connected to the rail network in 1899, the number of visitors to the spa increased once again, and the farms and thatched cottages that had previously dominated the town gradually gave way to hotels and pensions. The Kurhaus was renovated and enlarged, which finally made Henkenhagen a modern bathing resort.
In 1908 523 bathers stayed in the village. Henkenhagen also wooed holidaymakers - like many other baths - with " Jew-free sandy beaches ".
In the 1920s and 30s, Henkenhagen was one of the most famous baths on the Baltic Sea coast and mainly attracted guests from the small towns in Pomerania and the greater Berlin area , but also from Bavaria and the Rhineland . In 1923, 2,250 bathers stayed in Henkenhagen.
During the reign of National Socialism from 1933 and the Second World War , the spa business initially continued unabated, although the circumstances became visibly more difficult. For example, the well-known Hotel Strandschloss was confiscated by the National Socialists and the local women were forced to carry out handicrafts there for the benefit of the German troops at war. The privately arriving spa guests were less and over time replaced by KdF vacationers who were entertained by monthly cinema screenings or dance events by the village youth in the existing localities.
Towards the end of the Second World War, the Red Army captured Henkenhagen in March 1945 . The place was placed under Polish administration and renamed Ustronie Nadmorskie , later Ustronie Morskie . In the post-war period until 1947 the residents were expelled and newly arrived Poles became the new residents.
Today Ustronie Morskie hosts guests from all over Poland and from other European countries. Since Poland joined the European Union in 2004, the seaside resort has increasingly developed into an international tourist center.
Development of the population
- 1867: 1047
- 1910: 1103
- 1923: 1600
- 1939: 1658
Attractions
The attraction of Ustronie Morskies is the 10 kilometer long, groyned , white sandy beach . There is a beach promenade and a few restaurants, bars and small shops in the town center.
Also worth seeing is the extensive Kolberg Forest with the natural monuments Bolesław and Warcisław oak .
Gmina Ustronie Morskie
The rural community (gmina wiejska) Ustronie Morskie has an area of 57 km² and about 3,600 inhabitants.
The municipality is made up of the following 6 districts:
- Ustronie Morskie
- Gwizd (Quid)
- Kukinia (Old Quetzin)
- Kukinka (New Quetzin)
- Rusowo (Rützow)
- Sianożęty (goat hill)
The municipality includes other places that do not have the status of a district (sołectwo) : Olszyna (Ulrichshof) , Bagicz (Bodenhagen) , Grąbnica (Hundberg), Malechowo (Malchowbrück) , Wieniotowo (Wendhagen) .
The Jaromierzyce (Bocksberg) desert is also in the municipality .
A community partnership to Werneuchen with the districts of Hirschfelde and Willmersdorf was established in 1996. In 2016, with INTERREG funding from the EU, a gymnast memorial destroyed in 1945 for gymnasts who died in World War I was re-erected on the sports field and flanked with two friendship benches and a partnership board.
Web links
- Website of the municipality of Ustronie Morskie
- Gunthard Stübs and Pomeranian Research Association: The community of Henkenhagen (2011)
- Henkenhagen station
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ^ Heinrich Berghaus (Ed.): Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen. III. Part, Volume 1, Anklam 1867, p. 574.
- ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann (ed.): Detailed description of the current state of the Royal Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, p. 494.
- ↑ August Haxthausen, Alexander Padberg: The rural constitution in the provinces of East and West Prussia . Königsberg 1839, p. 337.
- ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann (ed.): Detailed description of the current state of the Royal Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II., Volume 2, Stettin 1784, pp. 563-564, no.37.
- ^ Heinrich Berghaus (Ed.): Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen . III. Part, Volume 1, Anklam 1867, p. 339.
- ^ Meyer's travel books: Baltic resorts and cities on the Baltic coast. 4th edition. Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1910, p. 147.
- ^ Meyer's travel books: German Baltic Sea Coast , Part II: Rügen and the Pomeranian coast with its hinterland . 2nd Edition. Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig 1924, p. 174.
- ^ Meyer's travel books: Deutsche Ostseeküste , Tel II: Rügen and the Pomeranian coast with its hinterland . 2nd edition, Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig 1924, p. 174.
- ↑ Information board at the Turner memorial
