Count of Hohenwart

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The counts of Hohenwart were a high medieval noble family, which in today's district Pfaffenhofen on the castle Hohenwart was established. This castle was converted into the Hohenwart Benedictine monastery in the 11th century .

History of the Hohenwarter

The name Count von Hohenwart does not appear until the end of the 11th century; In earlier centuries, it was common to have a single name without specifying a family name or another denomination of descent (e.g. after a castle), so the reconstruction of the family tree is only possible with uncertainties. The original place of origin of this family is said to have been in Thaur ; St. Romedius , who is venerated there, is also remembered in several churches donated by the Hohenwarters. A relationship to the old Breonen settlement area is also being considered, in which the Hohenwart had many possessions.

The oldest member of this family seems to have been a Ratold (around 930) . This was allegedly an illegitimate son of Emperor Arnulf with the concubine Helingarda . This filiation is also rated as a "fictitious tipping".

In the first half of the 10th century, the siblings Rasso (Rapoto) , Friedrich and Beata are mentioned in the necrology of Dießen Monastery and the Chronicle of Hohenwart Monastery as members of the Counts of Hohenwart . Beata was married to Heinrich the Guelph with the golden carriage . This points to the high reputation of the Hohenwart count family and of course to the common area of ​​interest of both families in the Swabian-Bavarian border area. Her great-grandson Welf II received the county in the Inn- and Norital as successor of Otto von Hohenwart , but had to hand it over to the diocese of Brixen in the course of a dispute with Konrad II . Her brother Rasso is said to have founded the Wörth Monastery, which later became Grafrath Monastery in the Weilheim district court , after a pilgrimage to Palestine that he undertook as the companion of Duchess Judith . He entered there as a lay brother and died in 954, his bones are venerated there as relics. In the Andechs traditions, he is given the title of Graf von Dießen , Andechs and Hohenwart. The last brother Friedrich is equated with Count Friedrich , who appears once as a witness with the Salzburg Bishop Friedrich I in Klagenfurt .

A Count Rapoto is mentioned in 955/75 when he surrenders two Huben in what is now Tils, South Tyrol, to Brixen ; later the Hohenwart monastery owns a farm there . This Count Rapoto in the Nori and Inn valleys is probably identical to Count Rapoto , who owns a forest near Ischl in Traungau . In 985 he was named together with a wagon , as the latter occupied the bishopric in Säben and as a penance later had to transfer property to the bishop in Brixen and Viers. At that time, the family's possessions were widely scattered and can be found in the area around Freising and Weilheim , on the Inn and Traun , in the Ziller , Puster and Eisack valleys and in Carinthia .

According to the necrologist von Dießen and the chronicle of Hohenwart monastery, an Aribo is considered the father of the brothers Gebhard , Rapoto and Otto . This seems to have been a brother of the Brixen bishop Albuin . Rapoto calls the latter a conpater ; In addition, communities of ownership indicate these family relationships. Liutperg, mentioned around 980 (married to a Count Aribo from the Aribone line ) makes donations to the church in the Freising area.

Rapoto von Hohenwart and his wife Hemma are considered the parents of the Hohenwart monastery founders. Rapoto is attributed to the Counts of Thaur by descent . Hemma is referred to as the Margravine of Austria in the Hohenwart tradition and is probably the sister of Margrave Albert . A brother of Rapoto was Gebhard I , Bishop of Regensburg. Before he was appointed bishop, he was Otto III's chaplain . and with his brother Rapoto rebuilt the Thierhaupten monastery , which had been destroyed by the Hungarian storms , and re-established the Prüll monastery . Another brother to be mentioned is Count Otto . He also has properties in the Stubai Valley , Vintl , Terenter Berg and Bozen and is giving these properties away to the cathedral chapter of Freising , while other properties in Vomp go to the Georgenberg monastery . This has carried his escape in the armed conflict between 1002 Arduin of Ivrea and of Otto von Worms led troops of the Holy Roman King Henry II. To the defeat of Otto von Worms contributed. As a result, he fell out of favor with the king and this ultimately led to the decline of the Hohenwarter's power. Later he became the incest accused (his wife's name, however, is unknown) and all his possessions were confiscated by the emperor; Attempts to secure these goods through donations to Freising and possible subsequent return failed because of the objection of the Hochstift Freising.

The children of Count Rapoto and his wife Hemma are Ortulf and Wiltrudis . Wiltrudis had decided on a monastic life and she had her brother Ortulf convert the property into a monastery after the Hohenwart Castle was destroyed and their parents died. She died on July 2, 1081 and was buried in the monastery church. In the Hohenwart and Scheyern necrologists she is referred to as comitissa . Ortolf von Hohenwart was also Vogt of the Ilmmünster canon monastery , which was re-established in the 11th century by the Babenbergers Adalbert and Ernst . Orthulfus Hochvaritorum is referred to in 1064 as a participant in a train to the Holy Land. He died on July 21, 1077, with either the Italian expedition of Henry IV or a second expedition to Palestine. He was transferred to Hohenwart and buried in the monastery church as comes or palatinus . After the goods donated to the monastery, the family had properties in Schrobenhausen , Oberlauterbach , Wenigmünchen and Weilheim , in the Inn Valley in Rum , Thaur and Sistrans , and they also had vassals and owners.

The son Konrad , who died early, is also counted among the generation of the Hohenwart monastery founders. Another son was Norbert , later Bishop of Chur . He founded in 1073 nor as Provost of Augsburg in the neighboring Habach a Ulrichskirche . In 1083 he furnished the Habach Regular Canon Monastery, which he had founded, with numerous goods and in 1085 handed them over to the Augsburg Cathedral.

Tribe list

NN.

  1. Ratold, around 930
    1. Beata
      ∞ Heinrich with the golden carriage, Swabian Welf
      1. Rudolf
      2. Eticho
      3. Konrad von Konstanz , * around 900; † 975, canonized Bishop of Constance
    2. Friedrich
    3. Hildegard
      ∞ Albuin
    4. Rapoto (Rasso), around 960
      1. Jacob
      2. Rapoto, count
      3. Aribo, Count "von Aschau "
      4. Albuin , Bishop of Brixen, † February 5, 1006
      5. Liutpirg, around 980
        ∞ Aribo, Count "Fresinger Aribone "
        1. Otto, count
        2. Gebhard I. , Bishop of Regensburg, † March 22, 1022 or 1023
        3. Rapoto, Count around 1010
          ∞ Hemma, Duchess of Austria
          1. Ortulf, count around 1050
          2. Wiltrudis
          3. Konrad
          4. Norbert , Bishop of Chur, † 1087 or 1088 (ultimus familiae)

literature

  • Stefanie Hamann: The Counts of Hohenwart. In Ferdinand Kramer & Wilhelm Störmer (eds.): High Middle Ages noble families in Old Bavaria, Franconia and Swabia (= studies on the Bavarian constitutional and social history. Volume XX). Pp. 65-96. Commission for Bavarian State History at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-7696-6874-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ "Historical Atlas of Bavaria". In: Altbayern row I issue 4: The district court Weilheim. Retrieved September 24, 2019 .
  2. ^ "Historical Atlas of Bavaria". In: Altbayern row I issue 14: The district court Pfaffenhofen and the nursing court Wolnzach. Retrieved September 24, 2019 .
  3. ↑ Stefanie Hamann, 2005, p. 66.