Gusen (municipality of Langenstein)

Gusen ( village ) locality ( capital of the municipality )
Basic data
Pole. District , state	Perg  (PE), Upper Austria
Judicial district	Perg
Pole. local community	Langenstein
Coordinates	48 ° 15 '30 "  N , 14 ° 27' 49"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 15 '30 "  N , 14 ° 27' 49"  E
height	250  m above sea level A.
Residents of the village	798 (January 1, 2020)
Building status	265 (2001)
Post Code	4222 St. Georgen an der Gusen
Statistical identification
Locality code	10095
Counting district / district	Gusen, Langenstein area (41109 X [000,002])
ZSP Gusen 1024 residents, 296 buildings with Stacherlsiedlung (of which 88 residents / 26 buildings in Gusen); 4 Building also ZSP Langenstein (all 2001) Source: STAT : Local directory ; BEV : GEONAM ; DORIS

Gusen is a place on the Mühlviertel bank of the Danube in the Linz Basin in Upper Austria as well as the capital and locality of the municipality of Langenstein in the Perg district .

geography

The village of Gusen is located a good 14 kilometers southeast of the city center of Linz , 13 kilometers west of Perg , not far from St. Georgen an der Gusen . It is about 3 kilometers above the Gusen estuary, a good 2 kilometers from the Danube, at the foot of the Frankenberg at around 250  m above sea level. A. Height.

The village of Gusen has a good 260 buildings with around 850 inhabitants. It is located on the L569  Pleschinger Straße , the old Donauuferstraße to Linz, the newer B3 passes south. Gusen-Dorf, south of the L569, is still an independent locality with around 30 addresses.

Neighboring towns and cities

Stacherlsiedlung	Kirchberg (O  Frankenberg )	Hard
Winding down  (O, Gem.  Luftenberg a. D. D. )		Langenstein  (O)
Danube: Kwk. Winding branches (according to  Luftenberg a. D. D. )	Kronau  (O, Gem.  Enns , District Linz-Land )	Danube Enghagen  (O, municipality of  Enns , district of Linz-Land )

history

Spielberg , GM Vischer 1672; behind the villages of Guʃn and Langenʃtain , above the ruins of Frankenberg

The old settlement area is documented by the Berglitzl , which dates back to the Aurignacia (around 120,000–40,000 years ago) and is therefore one of the oldest cultural testimonies in Europe. To the north-west of the village of Gusen, a grave field from the late Bronze Age (1300–800 BC) with about 200  urnfield burials was uncovered in 1941–43 .

The actual place of origin is today's Gusen-Dorf directly at the confluence of the Gusen into the Danube. The name is therefore to be understood very traditionally as 'place at the mouth of the Gusen River', whose name comes from the Old High German  gussi " Guss , Flut, Flood". The place appears in the land register of Duke Leopold VI between 1220 and 1230 . of Austria and Styria as De urbor Stein et Gusen , and is princely with 6 houses. The residence of the Gusner dynasty, who appear from 1342 to 1437, is believed to be on the rocky knoll at house number 15. Between Gusen-Frankenberg and Franconian-Bavarian and Slavic-Avar settlement zones was. The latter is probably also underlined by the curiosity that the hallway and courtyard shapes of the village of Langenstein still correspond to the type of the Waldviertel three-sided courtyard , while the Traunviertel quadrangular courtyard predominates in the districts of Gusen and Frankenberg further to the west .

In the Franciscan cadastre (around 1830) the houses Gusen-Dorf 23-23 appear directly on the banks of the Danube, north at the foot of the Langenberg only the Mayrhof appears in the Grubhof (Mayrhausstrasse / Kapellenstrasse, today Heimathaus ). In 1854, Matthias Koch describes the village as "situated gracefully at the foot of the mountains." The place belonged to the Steyregg rulership and is still part of the St. Georgen parish today . Today's L569 is the old Hauderer-Strasse on the north bank of the Danube.

To the north of the village there are significant granite quarries ( Dirnbergerbruch for Mauthausner granite , from 1840), today the Poschacher company (founded in 1878 as a stock corporation for road and bridge construction ). The Gusen concentration camp , an extension of the Mauthausen concentration camp, was established there in 1938 ( camp I ), and in 1944 camp II to the west . From here the towing railway also led to St. Georgen, to the facilities there (granite works, Bergkristall works ). A total of 45,000 people died here between 1940 and 1945. The actual place Gusen is located on this area today, which was only created after 1955, when the area fell to the republic and was then opened up and sold. Parts of the facility (on the Poschacher site) are under monument protection, in the center of the village the Gusen Memorial , built between 1961 and 1965 , and the Gusen audio trail leads from the visitor center to St. Georgen.

See also : Langenstein (Upper Austria): History - detailed community history

population

Population and building status

Hzgt. Bavaria	EHzgt. Austrian	Krld. Austrian odEnns ( Kthm. Österr. / Österr.-Ugrn. )						Bld. Upper Austria ( [1.] Rep. Austria )		Upper Danube ( Dt. Reich )	Bld. Upper Austria ( [2nd] Rep. Austria )
1230 ∗	1539	1825	1869	1880	1890	1900	1910	1923	1934	1939	1951	1961	1971	1981	1991	2001	2011
-	-	-	246	268	305	298	353	312	303	-	378	673	1016	1080	1238 -	1131 917	- 849
6th	22nd	35	36	36	39	39	44	44	44	257	54	114	181	237	294	326 265	-

Allied aerial view, April 14, 1945: Lower half of the picture Gusen village, upper half of the former concentration camp area.

^∗ fuzzy indication of the year

until 1951: mainly Gusen village

1991/2001: with, then without the new O Stacherlsiedlung

Attractions

• Berglitzl
• Memorial Gusen with audio path Gusen

Individual evidence

• 41109 - Langenstein. Community data, Statistics Austria .

1. ↑ ^{a b} The church shown appears questionable: It is not known that there was a church building in Gusen-Dorf. Maybe the chapel at the Mayrhof.
2. ↑ Gerhard Trnka, Herta Ladenbauer-Orel: The urnfield time burial ground of Gusen in Upper Austria . In: Archaeologia Austriaca . Volume 76. Franz Deuticke Verlagsgesellschaft mbH. Vienna, 1992. pp. 47-112. ISBN 3-7005-4639-4 ;
   Vlasta Tovornik: Grave fields of Gusen and Auhof near Perg in Upper Austria. Part 1. Gusen. In: Archaeologia Austriaca. 69, 1985: 165-250 (1986).
3. ↑ Script VO Orts- u. Water names of Austria . ( Memento of the original from April 6, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) Transcript onA, there example 5.1.2: Gusen. P. 65 (univie.ac.at, accessed April 2, 2015). 
4. ↑ ^{a b} Kurt Klein  (edit.): Historical local dictionary . Statistical documentation on population and settlement history. Ed .: Vienna Institute of Demography [VID] d. Austrian Academy of Sciences . Upper Austria Part 2, Langenstein: Gusen , p.  6 ( online document , explanations . Suppl . ; both PDF - oD [updated]). Special references: ^∗ 1260: Landesfürstliches Urbar; According to Alfons Dopsch (ed.): The princely land registers of Lower and Upper Austria from the 13th and 14th centuries. Series Österr. Urbare I / 1 , 1904. • 1539:  Urbar Spielberg , OÖLA, Herrschaft Steyregg , Hs. 10. • 1825: Johann Prinz: Langensteiner Heimatbuch. 757 years Langenstein 1230-1997. 1997. • 1869:  Statistische Central-Commission (Hrsg.): Local repertories of the kingdoms and countries represented in the Austrian Imperial Council . (1871 ff.).  • 1880, 1890: Statistical Central Commission: Special local repertories of the kingdoms and countries represented in the Austrian Imperial Council . 1883 resp. 1892 ff. • 1900: Central Statistical Commission: Community lexicon of the kingdoms and countries represented in the Imperial Council . 1903 ff. • 1910: Statistical Central Commission: Special Repertories . 1915 ff. • 1923 and later: Federal Statistical Office / Austrian Central Statistical Office / Statistics Austria (ed.): Directory of places . (Results of the census). 1934: Federal Statistical Office (edit.): Results of the census. 1935. • 1939:  Official municipality register for the German Reich based on the 1939 population census . Published by the Reich Statistical Office, 2nd edition, 1941; Conversion to today's territorial levels: 1991 census - resident population by municipalities with population development since 1869. In: Contributions to Austrian Statistics 1030/0, 1992. • 1951 and later: Austrian Central Statistical Office / Statistics Austria (ed.): Local directory . (Results of the population censuses; from 2011 register censuses see above).
    
5. ↑ According to Alfred Höllhuber and Leopold Josef Mayböck , information from Christian K. Steingruber : Tower  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .  Digital Upper Austrian Culture Atlas (DOKA).
6. ↑ Vlasta Tovornik: The early medieval cemeteries at Gusen and Auhof bei Perg in Upper Austria. Part 2: Auhof near Perg. In: Archaeologia Austriaca . Volume 70. Franz Deuticke Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Vienna 1986. pp. 413-483, ISBN 3-7005-4580-0 .
7. ↑ Erik Szameit: On early medieval finds from Gusen and Langenstein, Upper Austria. With excursions on the dating of the Slavic burial ground of Gusen and on the early medieval graphite clay technique . In: Archaeologia Austriaca . Volume 76. Franz Deuticke Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Vienna 1992, pp. 113–196, ISBN 3-7005-4639-4 .
8. ^ Matthias Koch: The Danube journey from Linz to Vienna. Verlag Hölzl, 1838, 3rd edition 1854, there p. 36 ( Google eBook, full view ).
9. ↑ Gusen visitor center at gusen-memorial.at.