Hahn (Mecklenburg noble family)

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Coat of arms of those of Hahn, Mecklenburg main line: black armored red cock with two black tail feathers

Hahn (originally Hane ) is the name of an old Mecklenburg , later also Baltic, noble family who belonged to the prehistoric nobility of the country and was first mentioned on October 30, 1230. At the threshold of the 14th century, the Mecklenburg tribe branched out into a Mecklenburg and Kurland main branch.

In Mecklenburg, the family had been based in Basedow since 1337 and was one of the largest landowners in the country. The lines Basedow and Damerow-Solzow are known, each with numerous changing houses. The family recently owned numerous estates in Mecklenburg and to this day the Neuhaus in Holstein property and the Wetterau property in Hesse . The noble pronoun “von” has only been used by the family since the counting of the Mecklenburg main line in 1802.

The Baltic branch bears the title of baron or baron (or baroness, baroness, baroness, baroness). See: Hahn (German-Baltic noble family) .

history

Basedow Castle
Choir of the Basedow church with epitaph for Werner Hahn and Anna von der Lühe (left) and relief altar (right)

The origin of the name and gender is not clearly established. Probably the name is of Slavic origin. As the progenitor of sex Eckhard applies I. ( Egkehardus Hane , later Latinized Eggehardus Gallus ), for the first time mentioned in 1230, Knight and the Council of Mecklenburg Prince Johann I was. His grandson Nikolaus II continued the main line, his brother Eckhard II founded the Dammerow / Solzow line (expired in 1659) and the third brother Ludolf founded the Kurland ( Baltic German ) Hahn line , which later had its headquarters in Postenden .

The family is initially documented as a vassal family around Gadebusch . In 1337, Prince Johann II von Werle enfeoffed the four sons of Nicholas II with the neighboring villages of Basedow , Gessin and Sandliepen (where the Liepen moated castle was then built). A few years later these goods were already allodial property of the family. On one of the brothers - Nicholas III. den Alten († around 1363) - probably the first complex of Basedow Castle , which became the family seat and in which mostly different lines of the family lived at the same time ( Ganerbeburg ) . The church Basedow is one of the most richly furnished village churches in Mecklenburg and "a monument to the great position of the rooster in earlier times". A similarly richly equipped former Hahn'sche patronage church is the Bristow village church (the Bristow estate had belonged to the family since 1352).

From 1405, Remplin Castle was also a family headquarters. By Begüterung in Pleetz sex in 1469 became the Office of Erblandmarschalls the rule Stargard , one of the highest-ranking political honorary positions in altmecklenburgischen State, which has always exercised over the centuries until the end of the monarchy from a faucet.

In 1467 knight Ludolf ( Lüdeke ) III. († March 17, 1480) build a new castle in Basedow on the remains of the previous castle. His grandchildren shared the property in three equal parts: Joachim was the progenitor of the Basedow-Hinrichshagen family , Ludolf IV was the progenitor of the Basedow-Seeburg family and Christoph was the progenitor of the Basedow-Pleetz family .

Kuno Hahn (1525–1590) on Basedow, who became rich through extensive land and money transactions, acquired the Seeburg rule with 13 villages in Hassegau on the eastern edge of the Harz from the Counts of Mansfeld in 1575 . For this he sold Müggenburg in Western Pomerania and Pinnow in Mecklenburg. He now lived mainly at Seeburg Castle, but came regularly to Basedow; his descendants lived on Seeburg for 200 years. After 1780 it came to the von Geusau family through Anna Hedwig Hahn, married von Geusau, the last of the Seeburg-Remplin family .

The share of the Hinrichshagen house (expired in 1706) came to the Pleetz house in 1616. After the Pleetz House died out in 1707, its two-thirds share came to the House of Seeburg and Kuchelmiß in 1717 , which thus united the entire estate in Basedow under Ludwig Staats I. His son Friedrich I († 1772) married Christine Magdalena von Brockdorff , who had inherited the Neuhaus in Holstein estate in 1748 ; since then it has belonged to Count Hahn to this day. In 1780 the Seeburg branch of the Hahn family died out.

Towards the end of the 18th century, Hahn's property had the greatest expansion and included an amount under the son of Friedrich I, Count Friedrich II. Von Hahn (1742–1805), who was best known as an astronomer and was raised to hereditary imperial count in 1802 the 60 goods, of which 44 were in Mecklenburg. Even today you can hear the legend in Mecklenburg that weather vanes in the form of a rooster on Mecklenburg church towers mark the old Hahn property, which is factually nonsense.

After the astronomer's death, it only took a few years for his younger son, Karl Graf von Hahn (1782–1857) , who became known as the theater count, to sacrifice the possession of the second tribe of the Count's line in Remplin, which he founded, for his pathologically excessive theatrical passion . In 1816 there was a major bankruptcy, through which the castle and the Remplin estate also fell into other hands.

When it was divided among the sons of Colonel Levin Ludwig Hahn, Faulenrost fell to the knight Claus Ludwig Hahn in 1746. He began building the palace and the courtyard in 1760, with the intention of making Rottenrost his summer residence. Before completion, the builder sank "into melancholy profundity" , so that only his successor, Friedrich II von Hahn , who was known for his services to astronomy, completed the building and laid out extensive gardens with greenhouses. In 1933, Count Septimus von Hahn, who was in financial distress, sold the Faulenrost Castle and the property belonging to it.

The work of Friedrich (III.) Graf von Hahn (1804-1859) on Basedow made the family famous for breeding horses from the beginning of the 19th century . The so-called Basedower Renner were bred until 1920. Friedrich's possessions included the goods in Basedow, Faulenrost, Lansen , Grabowhöfe and Arensberg with associated farms; he expanded the property through acquisitions. His first marriage was from 1826 to 1829 with his cousin Ida Hahn-Hahn (1805–1880), the daughter of the theater count, who wrote numerous novels and volumes of poetry and became one of the most famous German writers of her time.

In Einschreibebuch the monastery Dobbertin are seven entries of daughters of the count's family of Hahn 1806-1863 from Grabow, Remplin, Graves and Kuchelmiss to shoot into the aristocratic convent in the monastery Dobbertin .

Count Max Hahn (1838–1903), a younger son of Count Friedrich Hahn on Basedow, sold the properties of Kuchelmiß (owned by the family since 1366), Serrahn , Wilsen, Wilser Hütte and Hinzenhagen to Prince Albert von Sachsen-Altenburg in 1896 ; the area was considered one of the best deer hunts .

The only offspring of the Basedower main line of Count Hahn, Count Franz von Hahn (born February 5, 1921 in Rostock, † December 11, 1941 near Taganrog), fell in World War II. Max Heinrich von Hahn, an elderly nephew of his father, died childless in 1947 and Franz's father Friedrich Karl von Hahn died himself in 1951, which made the main line extinct. However, the family's side lines persist to this day. The family's property in Mecklenburg was expropriated during the land reform in 1945.

Clemens Graf Hahn von Burgsdorff from the Basedow house and his wife Victoria, née. After 1990 von Arnim acquired the Blankensee estate in the Uckermark, which had belonged to the von Arnim family until 1945 . In 2015, Hubertus Graf von Hahn and his wife Verena bought back the Liepen moated castle , which had been in the family since it was built around 1337 to 1945.

Denomination

The Hahn were Protestant at the time of the Reformation . In 1681 the brothers Cuno Paris (von) Hahn converted to Ramelow and Christian Friedrich (von) Hahn auf Basedow to Catholicism. Except for a later named Captain Hahn auf Basedow, the family remained Protestant, including the Baltic family branches.

With Ferdinand Graf von Hahn-Neuhaus (1809–1888), the only son of the theater count Karl , the second tribe of the count's line became Catholic again. Ferdinand converted on January 6, 1858 in Salzburg, succeeding his sister Ida Hahn-Hahn and his wife Nancy, who converted to Catholicism on March 26, 1850 in Berlin and May 1852 in Salzburg. Contrary to other information, Ferdinand's children Eustach (1846–1870), Joseph (1847–1933) and Gustav (1852–1875) were raised Catholics. In the late medieval round tower of Neuhaus Castle in Holstein, Ferdinand had a Catholic chapel “Virgo fidelis” built in a neo-Gothic style, which was consecrated on September 14, 1858 and occupied by a chaplain.

coat of arms

In the silver shield and on the helmet a red rooster striding with the right foot, turned to the right, whose beak, feet and both first, curved tail feathers are black. Below is the motto : Primus sum, qui deum laudat ( I am the first to praise God )

The exact meaning of the rooster is not known. It was probably the sign of the former Slavic family. The motto was not added until the 19th century.

  • Coat of arms of Anna Hahn (16th century) on the patronage pews of the village church in Basse

  • Coat of arms of those of Hahn, Kurland and Oesel : red rooster

  • Coat of arms graphic by Otto Hupp in the Munich calendar of 1905

Own (selection)

Well-known representatives

Trivia

A count of the counts Hahn dynasty was set up by Georg Christian Friedrich Lisch in the genealogical history (4 volumes, 1844-1856) edited and published by him and T. "History and documents of the Hahn dynasty" .

Basedow (as Klevenow ) and the counts of Hahn achieved literary fame in the trilogy of novels by Helmut Sakowski

[Vol. 1] The swans from Klevenow . (1993)
[Vol. 2] Black wedding on Klevenow . (1994)
[Vol. 3] The heirs of Klevenow . (2000)

In 1846 Fritz Reuter published anonymously in the yearbooks Meklenburgisches Volksbuch for the year 1846 and Meklenburg, edited by Wilhelm Raabe . A yearbook for all estates , born in 1847 (both Hamburg) his aristocratic satire The celebration of the birthday of the ruling Countess, as it happened on May 29th and 30th, 1842 in the appraisal . Ida Hahn-Hahn's divorced husband Friedrich von Hahn organized the lavish birthday party described by Reuter in honor of his second wife Agnes in Basedow.

literature

Web links

Commons : Hahn (noble family)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Udo von Alvensleben : Visits before the sinking, noble seats between Altmark and Masuria. Compiled from diary entries and edited by Harald von Koenigswald. Frankfurt / M.-Berlin 1968, p. 248 [New edition udT:] When they still existed ... noble seats between Altmark and Masuria. Ullstein, Berlin 1996. ISBN 3-548-35641-9 .
  2. ↑ Grete Grewolls: Who was who in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. The dictionary of persons . Hinstorff Verlag, Rostock 2011, ISBN 978-3-356-01301-6 , p. 3777 .
  3. ↑ Also the so-called "Nevermann Chronicle" from 1816 already contained a sex count of the Hahns.