Hans-Dietrich Sander

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Hans-Dietrich Sander (born June 17, 1928 in Grittel , Mecklenburg ; † January 25, 2017 in Fürstenwalde / Spree ) was a German journalist as well as right-wing extremist publicist and editor.

life and work

Sander studied Protestant theology in 1948/49 at the church college in Berlin-Zehlendorf and from 1949 to 1952 theater studies , German literature and philosophy at the Free University in West Berlin . The theater critic Herbert Ihering gave him a two-year 1950-51 Trainee at the Berliner Ensemble of Bertolt Brecht . Under the influence of Brecht, Sander was openly committed to communism , which led to the withdrawal of his scholarship from the Free University of Berlin (FU-Berlin) . In 1952 Sander moved to East Berlin . There he worked until 1956 as a dramaturge at Henschelverlag and as a theater critic for the magazine Theater der Zeit .

Disillusioned with the GDR and communism, Sander moved back to the West in 1957 without revising his break with the West German political system. From 1958 to 1962 and from 1965 to 1967 he worked as a journalist and literary critic for the daily newspaper Die Welt under the patronage of Hans Zehrer . In the intervening years, I spent two years doing research on revolutionary writings in Zurich and Berlin. During this time he made contact with Boris Souvarine , Giangiacomo Feltrinelli and Oskar Lange . To the latter he dedicated the publication of his dissertation in 1970 .

In 1969, Sander was awarded a doctorate by the professor of intellectual history Hans-Joachim Schoeps in Erlangen with the dissertation Marxist Ideology and General Art Theory , in which a letter from Walter Benjamin to Carl Schmitt was published for the first time. phil. PhD . Sander was in intensive written and personal contact with Schmitt. He also mediated direct contact between the religious philosopher Jacob Taubes , then a colleague at the Free University of Berlin, and Carl Schmitt - an encounter that was reflected in Taubes' book Ad Carl Schmitt - Gegenstrebige Fügung , which was published posthumously in 1987.

Sander used his experience in both German states in his work for the periodical Germany Archive from 1964 to 1974. At this time he also occasionally designed radio feuilletons for Deutschlandfunk , the broadcaster Freie Berlin and Hessischer Rundfunk . In 1972 Sander's book History of Fine Literature in the GDR was published . His account of the artistic and political repression of writers in the GDR was confirmed by Alfred Kantorowicz in the Germany Archive.

In 1975/76 Sander was a lecturer at the TU Hannover and in the winter semester 1978/79 guest lecturer for two courses at the Free University of Berlin. During this time he also worked on the Zeitbühne , edited by William S. Schlamm .

In 1980, his book Der nationale Imperativ - Idegengang und Werkstücke zur Wiederaufbau Deutschland , a collection of political essays, some of which had previously appeared in the right-wing conservative journal Criticón and in the world , was published. The book is considered to be one of the most important "combat scripts" of a new national consciousness. The aim of his “ideas for the restoration of Germany” is to awaken the “slumbering furor teutonicus” in order to “give the Germans back their tried and tested fighting spirit and their justified pride, which they need to build a new empire”.

From 1983 to 1986, Sander was editor-in-chief of the Deutsche Monatshefte ( merged with Nation and Europe since 1990 ), which was designated by the protection of the constitution as a strategic organ of German right-wing extremism . This commitment led to the first mentions of Sanders in reports on the protection of the constitution in the 1980s . This was followed by constant collaboration with Nation and Europe until 1988 .

He was a speaker at numerous right-wing extremist organizations such as the Society for Free Journalism (1985), the German Seminar , the German League for People and Homeland and the Berlin Cultural Association of Prussia .

In 1988 Sander's book The Dissolution of All Things - On the Historical Situation of Judaism in the Metamorphoses of Modernity was published .

Two years later, Sander founded the journal Staatsbriefe , the title of which refers to the edicts of the Staufer Emperor Friedrich II . The publication, which appeared until 2001, was classified by the Office for the Protection of the Constitution as “intellectual right-wing extremism”. The main idea was the revival of the Ghibelline idea of ​​the empire ; however, the publication had no broader impact. The print run in 2000 was only 1000 copies. The State Letters combined radical political polemics, criticism and analysis with an attempt to tie in with the intellectual traditions of Prussia , the idea of the Reich and the so-called Conservative Revolution . According to an SPD publication, the magazine was openly anti-American and anti-Semitic. In the early 1990s, Sander was also an employee of the right-wing extremist news of Hans-Michael Fiedler's student union Silesia .

In 1990, Sander also appeared as a speaker at the Wartburg Festival of the German fraternity , which that year was under the direction of the right-wing extremist fraternity of Vienna Olympia . In his lecture he propagated the “idea of ​​a new German Reich” and announced his assessment of the “enemies of the German Reich ”.

Political positions

Hans-Dietrich Sander was assigned to the New Right and intellectual right-wing extremism by the Office for the Protection of the Constitution and extremism experts. Sander himself rejected this definition: the “imperial idea as a comprehensive topos” excludes “extremists in principle.” A central point in Sander's theory was the overcoming of the latent “civil war” between the left and the right under the entirety of the national and state ideas . This topic was also repeatedly the subject of the state letters under the title The Struggle of the Parts (e.g. 6/98). Sander was also controversial within the New Right itself; In the early 1990s , the weekly newspaper Junge Freiheit published polemical articles and letters to the editor against Sander and the “Staatsbriefe”.

For his part, Sander sharply criticized the right-wing parties (NPD, Republicans ), which he accused of corruption, incompetence, narrow-mindedness and enforcement with “informants and provocateurs”.

Sander saw the “ruling political system” as irreversibly corrupt, externally determined and incapable of facing political problems. Similar to the collapse of the GDR , the Federal Republic will inevitably perish from its own mistakes. A prerequisite for this is the overthrow of the "hegemon of Germany", the USA . The idea of ​​empire propagated by Sander itself is not a current political option, as its realization will be the work of generations.

Because of the publication of the essay by Germar Rudolf - Seam a German Civil War? - and a contribution on the subject of the Holocaust (which the defense had called satire), Hans-Dietrich Sander, as the editor in charge of the State Letters, was sentenced to eight months 'imprisonment, suspended to two years' probation, and to one for sedition and denigration of the memory of the deceased Convicted of a fine of 4,000 DM.

" Anti-Semitism " and "denigration of the free democratic basic order of the Federal Republic of Germany and its political representatives" were also the allegations that led to various mentions (both of the state letters and Sanders) in the reports on the protection of the constitution under the heading of right-wing extremism from 1995 onwards. Sander has also appeared for years as a speaker at events organized by right-wing extremists and national-conservative groups.

In the context of the NPD , a discussion developed in the second half of the 1990s about the fundamentals and models of a future “empire”, for which Sander's theses were an important point of reference. In the course of this debate, Sander complained that large sections of the extreme right had turned away from the imperial idea in favor of a “ constitutional patriotism ” that had been caused by the bloc confrontation since the 1950s.

The Constitution Protection Lower Saxony was Sander in 2003 in addition to Holocaust deniers as Ernst Zundel , Robert Faurisson , Jürgen Graf , Gerd Honsik , Manfred Roeder , Germar Rudolf , Wilhelm Stäglich and the right-wing singer-songwriter Frank Rennicke founding member of the Association for the Rehabilitation of due denials of the Holocaust persecuted (VRBHV ), whose chairman was the right-wing extremist Bernhard Schaub .

Awards

Bibliography (selection)

  • Marxist ideology and general art theory. Kyklos-Verlag, Basel 1970.
  • History of beautiful literature in the GDR. A floor plan. Rombach, Freiburg 1972.
  • The national imperative. Ideas and workpieces for the restoration of Germany. Sinus, Krefeld 1980.
  • Prussia - The Polis of Modern Times. A state-philosophical thesis. Goettingen 1986.
  • The dissolution of all things. On the historical situation of Judaism in the metamorphoses of modernity. Castel del Monte, Munich 1988.
  • Herbert Cysarz : Image and Concept. German studies in the humanities field. Lindenblatt Media Verlag, Künzell 2006.
  • Carl Schmitt / Hans-Dietrich Sander: Workshop - Discorsi. Correspondence 1967 to 1981. Edition Antaios , Albersroda 2008.
  • Heiko Luge (Ed.): Border Crossings. Liber amicorum for the national dissident Hans-Dietrich Sander on his 80th birthday . Ares-Verlag , Graz 2008, ISBN 978-3-902475-60-2 .

literature

Web links

Footnotes

  1. ^ Hans-Dietrich Sander: Border crossers between East and West. In: The world . March 15, 1958
  2. ^ Horst Bredekamp : From Walter Benjamin to Carl Schmitt, via Thomas Hobbes. In: Critical Inquiry. Volume 25, Number 2, Winter 1999 chicago.edu ( Memento from June 11, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ Wolfgang Schuller: I am seriously warning you . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , June 8, 2009. Accessed February 26, 2015. 
  4. ^ Alfred Kantorowicz, H.-D. Sander's history of GDR literature , In: Germany Archive, Issue 1, 1974, p. 75
  5. ↑ Franz Greß, Hans-Gerd Jaschke, Klaus Schönekäs, New Right and Right-Wing Extremism in Europe: Federal Republic, France, Great Britain , Westdeutscher Verlag 1990, p. 281
  6. ↑ Armin Pfahl-Traughber, "Conservative Revolution" and "New Right": Right-wing extremist intellectuals against the democratic constitutional state , Leske and Budrich 1998, p. 186
  7. ↑ s. for example, theory and strategy formation in German right-wing extremism ( Memento from January 13, 2006 in the Internet Archive ). State Office for the Protection of the Constitution in Baden-Württemberg.
  8. ↑ s. e.g. Constitutional Protection Report 2002, p. 94
  9. ↑ Uwe Backes: Shape and meaning of intellectual right-wing extremism in Germany. In: From Politics and Contemporary History (B 46/2001) ( bpb.de )
  10. ↑ for example the SPD publication right-wing extremism in Germany ( memento of October 20, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 485 kB), p. 63.
  11. ↑ for example in the imprint of the Nachrichten des Studentenbundes Schlesien No. 1 from March 1990, p. 2.
  12. ↑ Handbook of Austrian Right-Wing Extremism, 2nd edition, Vienna 1996, p. 275
  13. ↑ Fabian Virchow : Against civilism: International relations and the military in the political conceptions of the extreme right , VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften , Wiesbaden 2006, page 124, ISBN 978-3-531-15007-9 .
  14. ^ Uwe Backes , Eckhard Jesse : Annotated Bibliography . In the S. (Ed.): Yearbook Extremism & Democracy . 6th year (1994), Bouvier, Bonn 1994, ISBN 3-416-02532-6 , p. 424.
  15. ↑ Alice Brauner-Orthen : The new right in Germany. Anti-democratic and racist tendencies . Leske and Budrich, Opladen 2001, ISBN 3-8100-3078-3 , p. 29.
  16. ↑ Steffen Kailitz : The political interpretation culture in the mirror of the "Historikerstreits". What's right? What's left? . Westdeutscher Verlag, Wiesbaden 2001, ISBN 3-531-13701-8 , p. 267.
  17. ↑ Johannes Jäger : The right-wing extremist temptation (= political science . Vol. 78). Lit, Münster u. a. 2002, ISBN 3-8258-5722-0 , p. 62.
  18. ↑ Ines Aftenberger : The New Right and Neorassism . Leykam, Graz 2007, ISBN 978-3-7011-0088-0 , p. 43.
  19. ^ Gudrun Hentges : State and political education. From the "Central Office for Homeland Service" to the "Federal Center for Political Education" . With a foreword by Christoph Butterwegge , Springer VS, Wiesbaden 2013, ISBN 978-3-531-18670-2 , p. 357.
  20. ↑ State letters 5/95, p. 41, "Who protects the constitution from the protection of the constitution?"
  21. ↑ z. B. Empire instead of republic. In: Junge Freiheit 4/1991
  22. ↑ Staatsbriefe 5–6 / 96, p. 2, theses on counterrevolution. Compare also Staatsbriefe 5/2000, p. 41: "Even the West German right is destructive".
  23. ^ Günter Zehm : Pankraz, Sanders Staatsbriefe and the provincial farce of Munich . In: Young Freedom . No. 29, July 11, 1997
  24. ↑ so z. B. Constitutional Protection Report 2000, May 2001, p. 101, Constitutional Protection Report 2001, August 2002, p. 117, Constitutional Protection Report 2002, September 2003, p. 94, or Constitutional Protection Report 2003, May 2004, p. 86.
  25. ↑ Nürnberger Nachrichten of August 28, 2000, p. 14, article Nuremberg as a center of pinstripe extremists? by Armin Jelenik. - "Around 100 participants, at least that's how the German Voice , the monthly journal of the National Democratic Party of Germany (NPD) reports , listen to how Horst Mahler , Jürgen Schwab and Hans-Dietrich Sander achieve a return to the Führer principle and the abolition of democracy in Germany want."
  26. ↑ a b Fabian Virchow: Against civilism. VS Verlag 2006, p. 125.
  27. ^ Constitutional Protection Report 2005 of the State of Lower Saxony, published 2006, p. 21 ( PDF version ( Memento of May 9, 2009 in the Internet Archive )).
personal data
SURNAME Sander, Hans-Dietrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German publicist and author of the New Right
DATE OF BIRTH June 17, 1928
PLACE OF BIRTH Grittel , Mecklenburg
DATE OF DEATH January 25, 2017
Place of death Fürstenwalde / Spree