House Clisson

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The Clisson family was - with the Rohan and Laval - the most powerful in the Duchy of Brittany in the Middle Ages. It takes its name from the fiefdoms around Clisson Castle .

history

The family history begins in 1061 with the knight Baudri ( Baldricus de Cliciaco ), who is also called 1074-1076. He owned a castle, which was probably built around 1058/60. Later Gaudin (1091 and 1111/12), Giraud (1125/26 and 1132), then another Gaudin (1180/98 and 1204) are mentioned, who became lord of Clisson in 1196, the first of this name. His son Guillaume de Clisson le jeune is mentioned in 1217

At the beginning of the Hundred Years War the Clisson were allies of the French king, however Olivier IV. De Clisson , Lord of Belleville and Châteaumur , because he had allegedly conspired with the King of England, on August 2, 1343 in Paris on the orders of the king Philip VI beheaded.

From that moment on, Jeanne de Belleville , wife of Olivier IV. De Clisson, raised troops to attack the French king. Threatened on land, she chartered two pirate ships and joined the English, who welcomed her and her son Olivier V. de Clisson - as well as the Montfort family of the future Breton Duke Johann V. von Montfort - into their ranks.

After the Battle of Auray (1364), Olivier V. de Clisson fell out with Johann von Montfort, and changed sides again. In 1380 he succeeded Bertrand du Guesclins Constable of France . For thirty years he opposed the Duke of Brittany, becoming regent of part of Brittany, before renewing the alliance with John.

His daughter Marguerite claimed the title of Duchess of Brittany through her marriage to John of Blois , Count of Penthièvre , son of Charles of Blois , Duke of Brittany. You succeeded in the Duke Johann VI. He was held hostage at Clisson Castle but, after she was forced to release him, was expropriated on charges of lese majesty . The reign of Clisson now passed to the Dukes of Brittany.

Béatrix de Clisson, the eldest daughter of Olivier V. de Clisson, married Alain VIII. De Rohan , whose family still exists today.

Tribe list

  • Gaudin et Gui de Clichon , Gui as Seigneur de Clisson around 1038
  • Bernard de Clisson, Seigneur de Clisson around 1043

Until Olivier I. de Clisson

  1. Baudri de Clisson, attested 1061/80, Seigneur de Clisson around 1075, baron of Duke Hoël II of Brittany
    1. Gaudin I. de Clisson, attested 1091/1112, Seigneur de Clisson
      1. Giraud de Clisson 1125/32 attested, Seigneur de Clisson
        1. Gaudin II. De Clisson, Seigneur de Clisson; ⚭ Eustachie de Chéméré
          1. Gaudin III. de Clisson, attested in 1196, † around 1205, Seigneur de Clisson
            1. Guillaume de Clisson le Jeune , attested in 1207, † before 1225, Seigneur de Clisson; ⚭ Constance de Pont-l'Abbé , dite Constance de Pontchâteau , attested to around 1190/1244
              1. Olivier I. de Clisson, dit le Vieux , attested around 1205, † 1262, Seigneur de Clisson et de Blain ; ⚭ Plaisou de Penthièvre, attested around 1202, † after 1269, Dame de La Roche-Derrien - descendants see below
            2. Gaudin de Clisson, attested in 1214
          2. Guy de Clisson
        2. Aimery de Clisson, attested in 1216, Seigneur de Vue
          1. Guillaume de Clisson le Vieux , attested around 1180, † 1213, Seigneur de La Bénate ; ⚭ Flavie de La Bénate, † 1212, lady de La Bénate
            1. Garsire de Clisson, † before 1213
            2. Pétronille de Clisson, attested in 1238, Dame de La Bénate; ⚭ (1) about 1212 Guillaume Acairies; ⚭ (2) Olivier, attested in 1238, Seigneur de Souché, de Port-Saint-Père et de La Bénate
            3. Marion de Clisson
            4. Aimery de Clisson, † before 1213, Seigneur de La Bénate

From Olivier I. de Clisson

  1. Olivier I. de Clisson, dit le Vieux , attested around 1205, † 1262, Seigneur de Clisson et de Blain ; ⚭ Plaisou de Penthièvre, attested around 1202, † after 1269, Dame de La Roche-Derrien - ancestors see above
    1. Jeanne de Clisson, attested around 1225, † 1269; ⚭ (1) Robert de Beaumanoir, attested around 1223 / around 1264; ⚭ (2) Bertrand Gouyon, † after 1337
    2. Olivier II. De Clisson, dit le Jeune , attested around 1236 / around 1298, † around 1307, Seigneur de Clisson et de Blain, Co-Seigneur de Pontchâteau; ⚭ (1) Aliénor (possibly daughter of Guillaume des Roches); ⚭ (2) Jeanne Marie Bertran de Bricquebec , Dame du Thuit, daughter of Guillaume Bertran, Seigneur de Thury et du Thuit, and Jeanne de Nesle
      1. Guillaume de Clisson, † around 1307, Seigneur de Clisson; ⚭ NN, daughter of the Seigneur de La Roche-Bernard
      2. Catherine de Clisson; ⚭ 1299 Geoffroy de Rohan, † 1303, without descendants
      3. Olivier III de Clisson, attested around 1264, † 1320, Seigneur de Clisson, de Blain et du Thuit, Baron de Pontchâteau; ⚭ 1299 Isabeau de Craon, attested in 1278, † July 30, 1350, daughter of Maurice VI., Seigneur de Craon et Sablé , Seneschal of Anjou , Touraine and Maine , Lieutenant of the King of England in Aquitaine ( House Craon ), and Mahaut Berthout de Malines
        1. Olivier IV. De Clisson , attested after 1300, † beheaded at the end of July / beginning of August 1343 in Paris, Seigneur de Clisson et de Blain, Belleville et Châteaumur , Baron de Pontchâteau, Baron de Mirebeau ; ⚭1) (1320) Blanche de Bouville, † November 19, 1329, Dame de Milly, daughter of Jean, Seigneur de Bouville, and Marguerite de Bommiers; ⚭ 2) 1328 Jeanne de Belleville , dite la Lionne de Clisson, la Lionne Sanglante, la Tigresse Bretonne , attested around 1300, † 1359, Dame de Belleville , Beauvoir , Palluau , Châteaumur et de Montaigu , daughter of Maurice, Seigneur de Belleville, Widow of Georges de Châteaubriant
          1. (1) Jean de Clisson, attested in 1328/43, Seigneur de Milly et de Mirebeau, without descendants
          2. (2) Maurice de Clisson, Seigneur de Blain
          3. (2) Guillaume de Clisson, Seigneur de La Trouvière
          4. (2) Olivier V. de Clisson , dit Le Connétable , * April 23, 1336, † April 22, 1407), 1380 Connétable of France , Seigneur de Clisson et de Blain, baron de Pontchâteau, Vicomte de Porhoët , Seigneur de Josselin , de Belleville, de Montaigu, de La Garnache , d'Yerrick and de Beauvoir; ⚭ (1) February 12, 1361 in Vitré , Catherine de Montmorency-Laval , Dame de Villemomble , † after January 1365, daughter of Gui X. de Laval ( House of Montmorency ) and Béatrice de Bretagne; ⚭ (2) around 1378 Marguerite de Rohan , attested around 1335, daughter of Alain VII, Viscount de Rohan ( House of Rohan )
            1. (1) Béatrix de Clisson, † 1448, Vicomtesse de Porhoët, Dame de Blain, Baronne de Pontchâteau; ⚭ 1407 Alain VIII. De Rohan , † 1429, Vicomte de Rohan , Vicomte de Porhoët et Seigneur de Blain, Seigneur de Noyon-sur-Andelle , de Pont-Saint-Pierre et de Radepont ( House Rohan )
              1. Alain IX de Rohan, vicomte de Porhoët, Seigneur de Blain; ⚭ 04/23/1207 Marguerite de Bretagne (fille de Jean IV, duc de Bretagne)
            2. (1) Marguerite de Clisson, dite Margot , attested 1366, † 1441, Dame de Clisson, Châteauceaux , Montfaucon et Palluau; ⚭ January 20, 1387 Jean I de Châtillon , dit de Blois , † January 16, 1404, Comte de Penthièvre et de Goëllo , Vicomte de Limoges , son of Charles de Châtillon ( House of Châtillon ) and Jeanne de Dreux ( House of France-Dreux ); more than six children, including
              1. Olivier de Châtillon , † September 28, 1433, Comte de Penthièvre, Vicomte de Limoges
          5. (2) Isabeau de Clisson, † April 5, 1343; ⚭Jean I. de Rieux, † August 7, 1357, Seigneur de Rieux
            1. Jean II. De Rieux , † 1417, 1397 Marshal of France
          6. (2) Jeanne de Clisson, Dame de Belleville, Montaigu, and La Garnache; ⚭ (1) after September 1361 Jean I. Harpedane , Seigneur de Montendre et de Belleville, English general in Guyenne , Constable of England, chamberlain to King Charles VI. ; ⚭ (2) Robert de Dinan, Baron de Châteaubriant
        2. Amauri I. de Clisson † June 20, 1347 at the Battle of La Roche-Derrien , Seigneur de La Blandinaye et d'Avrillé (Anjou), de L'Isle et de Remefort ; ⚭Isabeau de Remefort, Dame de Remefort et de Mortiercrolles
          1. Amauri II. De Clisson, attested in 1382, Seigneur de Remefort
          2. Isabelle de Clisson, attested in 1413; ⚭ 1351 Renaud d'Ancenis, attested in 1330, † around 1384, Seigneur de Soubs et de L'Isle d'Arvillé, son of Renaud I. d'Ancenis and Isabelle d'Aire
        3. Gauthier de Clisson, X July 1341 at the siege of Brest , governor of Brest
        4. Mahaut de Clisson, Dame des Essarts; ⚭ (1) Guy de Bauçay, Seigneur de Chenecé, † before 1323; ⚭ (2) Savari III. de Vivonne, † September 1367, Seigneur de Thors , Aubigny et de La Faye , Seneschal of Toulouse
    3. Plézou de Clisson; ⚭ Bertrand I. Goyon, Seigneur de Matignon (22), et de La Roche-Guyon (22), † after 09/1323 (1337?)
    4. NN de Clisson, Dame de La Hardouinaye; ⚭ Robert de Beaumanoir (22), son of Geoffroi, widower of Denise Goyon, Dame de Matignon (22) († around 1245)

literature

  • Actes du congrès de Clisson de septembre 2003 , Volume 82, Rennes, Société d'histoire et d'archéologie de Bretagne, Collection Mémoires de la société d'histoire et d'archéologique de Bretagne , 2004, therein:
    • Jean-Pierre Brunterc'h, Les origines de la seigneurie de Clisson du XIe au XIIIe siècle , pp. 5-58
    • Frédéric Morvan, Les seigneurs de Clisson (XIIIe - XIVe siècle) , pp. 59-80;
    • André Chédeville, Clisson, naissance et essor d'une agglomération castrale , pp. 81–96.
  • Bernard Le Nail, Dictionnaire biographique de Nantes et de Loire-Atlantique , Pornic, Le Temps éditeur, 2010, ISBN 978-2-363-12000-7
  • Michael Jones, Marguerite de Clisson, comtesse de Penthièvre, et l'exercice du pouvoir , in: Éric Bousmar, Jonathan Dumont, Alain Marchandisse, Bertrand Schnerb (eds.), Femmes de pouvoir, femmes politiques durant les derniers siècles du Moyen Âge et au cours de la première Renaissance , Bruxelles, De Boeck, Collection Bibliothèque du Moyen Âge , 2012, ISBN 978-2-8041-6553-6 )
  • Philippe Richard, Olivier de Clisson, connétable de France, grand seigneur breton , Haute-Goulaine, Éditions Opéra, 2007, ISBN 978-2-35370-030-1

Remarks

  1. ↑ Brunterc'h, p. 11
  2. ↑ Brunterc'h, p. 13
  3. ↑ Brunterc'h, p. 18
  4. ↑ Brungterc'h, p. 22
  5. ↑ Brunterc'h, p. 57
  6. ^ Morvan, p. 74
  7. ^ Morvan, p. 75
  8. ↑ Le Nail, pp. 101-102
  9. ↑ Jones, pp. 349-368
  10. ^ Richard, p. 88