Montfort-l'Amaury (noble family)

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Coat of arms of those of Montfort-l'Amaury

Montfort-l'Amaury was a family of French and Anglo-Norman nobility attested from the beginning of the 11th century. The family died out in the mid-14th century.

history

Their ancestral home was Montfort Castle in the Yvelines region . The unhistorical suffix l'Amaury serves primarily to distinguish it from other families of the same name (e.g. also from the Vorarlberg house Montfort ) and is based on the decision of the family's place of origin, after the first Lord of Montfort in Montfort- Rename l'Amaury .

The Montfort family played a prominent role in both France and England from the end of the 11th century until the third quarter of the 13th century. Her rise began with Simon I de Montfort , who married the heiress of the Norman county of Évreux . His daughter was Bertrada von Montfort , whose marriage to King Philip I of France led to a crisis between France and the Pope . By Amaury III. Hautes-Bruyères Abbey, founded for Bertrada, became the family's burial place.

Around 1170 the family began to turn to the English nobility: Amaury V married the daughter of the Earl of Gloucester , his brother Simon IV the daughter of the Earl of Leicester , whose sons Amaury VI. and Simon V then took over the inheritance in 1200 and 1205 respectively. While Amaury VI. due to a military conflict with the French king Evreux had to give up, Simon was able to keep his property in France. His ties to the Pope, his participation in the Fourth Crusade , but above all his successes in the Albigensian Crusades secured his position, especially since the fight against the Albigensians also earned him a number of titles in southern France, including that of Duke of Narbonne and Count of Toulouse culminated. Under him, the Seigneurie Montfort rose to the county of Montfort .

His less able son Amaury VII ceded his father's conquests to the French king and withdrew to his property in northern France; Years later he was made a connétable of France . Via his granddaughter Beatrix, who married Robert IV, Count von Dreux , the Montfort's property came to the House of France-Dreux and thus to the Dukes of Brittany , who later carried the name Montfort at times .

Amaury's brother Simon VI. took over English ownership. He followed as Earl Lord High Steward and Earl of Leicester and became the leader of the first revolution on English soil, de facto regent of England and died in 1265 fighting the troops of his brother-in-law, King Henry III. Two of his surviving sons joined Charles of Anjou and went to Italy, Guy married an heiress of the Aldobrandeschi family and became Count of Nola , he murdered Heinrich, the son of the German King Richard of Cornwall , in 1271 , for which Guy was excommunicated ; he spent the last 20 years of his life in prison. County Nola then passed to the Orsini family through his daughter Anastasia.

Finally, a younger line of the house, descendants of Guy de Montfort, brother of Simon V, who after Simon's death continued the fight in Languedoc until his own death in 1228, acquired the dominions of Tire and Toron in the Holy Land and played in the kingdom for several generations Jerusalem and the Kingdom of Cyprus play a prominent role.

By the middle of the 14th century, all lines of the family were extinct.

The title of Count of Montfort-l'Amaury first went to the dukes of Brittany from the House of France-Dreux through marriage and expired at the latest in 1532 when the county was finally merged with the French crown domain .

Master list (extract)

  1. Amaury I. de Montfort (1022-1052 attested)
    1. Simon I (attested in 1052; † probably 1087), Sire de Montfort; ⚭ I Isabeau de Broyes , Dame de Nogent-le-Roi , daughter of Hugues I .; ⚭ II NN; ⚭ III Agnès d'Évreux, daughter of Richard , Count of Évreux ( Rolloniden )
      1. (I) Amaury II. (* 1052; † probably 1089)
      2. (I) Isabelle, Dame de Nogent-le-Roi, as a spiritual widow in Hautes-Bruyères ; ⚭ Raoul III. de Tosny († 1102), Sire de Conches-en-Ouche , ( Tosny House )
      3. (I?) Guillaume († August 12, 1102), 1095–1102 Bishop of Paris
      4. (III) Richard († probably November 1092)
      5. (III) Simon II. († after 1104)
      6. (III) Bertrada († February 14, 1117), after 1104 spiritually in Hautes-Bruyères ; ⚭ I 1089, divorced 1092, Fulko IV. , Count of Anjou († 1109), ( House of Château-Landon ); ⚭ II 1092, repudiated 1104, Philippe I , King of France († 1108), ( list of the Capetians )
      7. (III) Amaury III. († after 1136), Sire de Montfort, 1118 Count of Évreux ; ⚭ I Richildis, daughter of Baldwin II , Count of Hainaut ( House of Flanders ); ⚭ II Agnes de Garlande († 1143), daughter of Anceau, Count of Rochefort
        1. (I or II) Amaury IV. († 1140), Count of Èvreux, Seigneur de Montfort
        2. (II) Simon III. († 1181), Count of Évreux and Rochefort, Seigneur de Montfort; ⚭ Mahaut
          1. Amaury V († 1182), Count of Évreux; ⚭ Mabel FitzRobert († 1188), daughter of William FitzRobert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester , ( Plantagenet )
          2. Bertrade (* 1155; † 1227); ⚭ Hugh de Kevelioc, 3rd Earl of Chester († 1181), ( House of Conteville )
            1. Amaury VI. († before 1213), 1191–1200 Earl of Évreux, 1200–1210 Earl of Gloucester
          3. Simon IV. , Sire de Montfort, Count of Montfort and Rochefort († 1188); ⚭ Amicie de Leicester († 1215), daughter of Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester , ( House of Beaumont )
            1. Simon V († 1218), Sire de Montfort et de Rochefort, 5th Earl of Leicester , 1209 leader of the Albigensian Crusade , Vice-Count of Béziers and Vice-Count of Carcassonne , Duke of Narbonne , Count of Toulouse ; ⚭ Alix de Montmorency († 1221), daughter of Bouchard IV. De Montmorency (family list of Montmorency )
              1. Amaury VII. († 1241), 1218–1223 Duke of Narbonne, Count of Toulouse, Vice Count of Béziers and Carcassonne, 1218 Sire de Montfort, 1223 Count of Montfort, 1230–1235 Connétable of France ; ⚭ Beatrix von Viennois († 1248), daughter of Guigues VI., Dauphin von Viennois , ( Elder House of Burgundy ) and Beatrix von Sabran , Countess von Gap and Embrun
                1. Johann I († 1249), Count of Montfort; ⚭ Jeanne, Dame de Château-du-Loir , daughter of Geoffroy VI., Vice Count of Châteaudun , ( House of Châteaudun ), she married Jean de Brienne, known as Jean d'Acre (John of Akko), 1258–1266 Bouteiller de France , ( House Brienne )
                  1. Beatrix († 1311), 1260 Countess of Montfort, Dame de Rochefort, de Château-du-Loir etc .; ⚭ Robert IV. Count of Dreux and Braine († 1282), ( House of France-Dreux )
                2. Marguerite (attested in 1256/84); ⚭ Jean III. Count of Soissons († before 1286), ( House Nesle )
                3. Laure, Dame d' Epernon ; ⚭ Ferdinand Infant of Castile, Count of Aumale († before 1267), (family list of the House of Burgundy-Ivrea )
                4. Adèle († 1279); ⚭ Simon II. De Clermont († 1286), Seigneur d'Ailly et de Nesle , ( House of Clermont )
              2. Guy († 1220); ⚭ Petronilla von Comminges , Countess of Bigorre , Vice Countess of Marsan , daughter of Bernhard VI. , Count of Comminges, ( House Comminges ), widow of Gaston VI. , Vice-Count of Béarn , divorced from Nuno Sanchez of Aragón , Count of Roussillon , ( House of Barcelona )
                1. Alix († 1255), Countess of Bigorre
              3. Simon VI. († 1265), 1236 Lord High Steward , 1239 6th Earl of Leicester , 1248 Viceroy of Gascony , 1264/65 Regent of England; ⚭ Eleanor von England († 1275), daughter of Johann Ohneland , King of England ( Plantagenet ), widow of William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke
                1. Henry († 1265)
                2. Simon († 1271)
                3. Guy († 1291), Count of Nola , 1269 Vicar of Tuscany , captured in 1271; ⚭ Margherita Aldobrandeschi , Signora di Grosseto , Sovana , Pitigliano etc., heir daughter of Count Aldobrandin
                  1. Anastasia, Countess of Nola, Dame de Chailly et de Longjumeau ; ⚭ Raimondo Orsini , nephew of Pope Nicholas III.
                  2. Thomasse; ⚭ Pietro Vico, Prefect of Rome
                4. Amaury († around 1300), cathedral treasurer in York
                5. Eleanor († 1282); ⚭ Llywelyn ap Gruffydd , Prince of Wales († 1282), ( House of Gwynedd )
            2. Guy († 1228), Seigneur de la Ferté-Alais et de Castres-en-Albigeois ; ⚭ Helvid Ibelin († before 1216), daughter of Balian II.
              1. Philip I († 1270), Seigneur de Castres et de la Ferté-Alais, 1241 Lord of Toron , 1246 Lord of Tire , 1248 pretender to the throne in the Kingdom of Armenia ; ⚭ I Eleonore de Courtenay († before 1230), daughter of Peter II , Emperor of Constantinople ( House of France-Courtenay ); ⚭ II Marie of Antioch, heiress of Toron, daughter of Raimund Ruben , prince of Antioch , ( Ramnulfiden )
                1. (I) Philip II († 1270), Seigneur de Castres et la Ferté-Alais
                  1. (I) Jean II († before 1300), Count of Squillace and Montescaglioso
                  2. (I) Laure († before 1300); ⚭ Bernard VII, Count of Comminges († 1312), ( House of Comminges )
                  3. (I) Eleonore (attested in 1338), Dame de Castres et de la Ferté-Alais; ⚭ Jean V , Count of Vendôme († after 1315), ( House of Montoire )
                  4. (I) Jeanne; ⚭ I Guigues VI. d'Albon , 1270 Count of Forez († 1278), ( House of Albon ); ⚭ II Ludwig of Savoy , Baron de Vaud († after 1302), ( House of Savoy )
                2. (II) Jean I († 1283), Lord of Tire; ⚭ Margarete von Lusignan , titular princess of Antioch in 1268, daughter of Heinrich of Antioch, ( Ramnulfiden )
                3. (II) Honfroy († 1284), Lord of Tire; ⚭ Eschiva von Ibelin († 1312), mistress of Beirut , heir daughter of John II., Lord of Beirut, she married Guido von Lusignan , constable of Cyprus († around 1302), ( Lusignan House )
                  1. Rupen († 1313), titular lord of Toron and Tire; ⚭ Maria von Ibelin († after 1340), daughter of Balian, Seneschal of Cyprus († 1302)
                    1. Honfroy († 1326), 1325 constable of Cyprus
                      1. Eschiva († before 1353); ⚭ 1342 Peter I , King of Cyprus († 1369), ( House of Lusignan )
                  2. Jeanne; ⚭ 1322 Balian of Ibelin (* 1302), titular lord of Jaffa
            3. Peronelle († 1216); ⚭ Barthélémy de Roye († 1237), Grand Chamberlain of France ( House Roye )
        3. (II) Agnes († 1181), Dame de Gournay-sur-Marne ; ⚭ 1141 Galéran IV. De Beaumont , count of Meulan († 1166), ( House of Beaumont )

literature

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