Ramnulfiden

The Ramnulfiden are the family of the Counts of Poitou and Dukes of Aquitaine from the middle of the 9th century . As they are descended from a family of counts from the Auvergne , they are also known as the Auvergne-Poitou house. The predominant male name of the family was Wilhelm (Guillaume).

The main line of the family died out in 1137 in the male line, heiress of Poitou and Aquitaine was Eleanor of Aquitaine (* 1122; † 1204), the wife (1137-1152) of the French King Louis VII (* 1120; † 1180) and (1152 –1189) of the English King Henry II (* 1133; † 1189), who already owned Normandy and large parts of the Loire Valley and through this marriage got the entire southwest of France in his hands.

Another important family member is Agnes von Poitou , wife of the Roman-German Emperor Henry III. and regent of the Empire from 1056 to 1062.

Tribe list

From Gerhard I to Wilhelm V.

1. Gerhard I, ⚔ June 25, 841 at the Battle of Fontenoy ; ⚭ NN, daughter of Emperor Ludwig the Pious ( Carolingian )
   1. Ranulf I. (Ramnulf, Rainulf), ⚔ October 866, 839/844 Count of Poitou , 852 Duke of Aquitaine ; ⚭ around 845 NN, daughter of Rorgon II , Earl of Maine , and Bilihildis ( Rorgonids )
      1. Ranulf II (Ramnulf, Rainulf), † August 3 or 5, 890, Count of Poitou, 888 King of Aquitaine; ⚭ Ada, as a widow spiritually
         1. (marital) Ranulf III. (Ramnulf, Rainulf), † probably 901
         2. (illegitimate) Ebalus Mancer (i.e. illegitimate child), † 934, until 892 and from 902 Count of Poitou, 927 Count of Auvergne , Duke of Aquitaine ; ⚭ I after October 10, 891 Aremburga; ⚭ II before February 911 Emiliana (Emilienne)
            1. (probably I) Wilhelm I. (III.) Werghaupt (Guillaume III. Tête d'Étoupe), † April 3, 963 as a monk, 934 Count of Poitou, 955 Count of Limoges and Count of Auvergne , 959/962 Duke of Aquitaine ; ⚭ 935 Adele (Gerloc) , † after 969, daughter of Jarl Rollo , Count of Rouen ( Rolloniden )
               1. Wilhelm II. (IV.) Eisenarm (Guillaume Fierabras), † 995/996, 963 Count of Poitou, Duke of Aquitaine, lay abbot of Saint-Hilaire-de-Poitiers , 993 spiritual; ⚭ around 968 Emma von Blois, † December 27 after 1003, daughter of Theobald I Tricator, Count von Blois ( House Blois )
                  1. William III. (V.) the Great (Guillaume le Grand), † January 31, 1030, 993 Count of Poitou and Duke of Aquitaine; ⚭ I around 997 Almodis of Gévaudan , † after 1005, widow of Aldebert I, Count of La Marche and Périgord ( House of Périgord ); ⚭ II beginning of 1011 Sancha (Brisca) of Gascogne, † before 1018, daughter of Guillaume Sanche Duke of Gascogne ( House of Gascogne ); ⚭ III 1019 Agnes of Burgundy , † November 10, 1068 as a nun, daughter of Otto Wilhelm , Count of Burgundy ( Franche-Comté , House of Burgundy-Ivrea ), she married in second marriage on January 1, 1032, divorced 1049/52, Gottfried II. Martel , Count of Anjou - for descendants see below
                  2. Ebalus (Ebles), † after 997
               2. Adela (Adelaide) , † probably 1004; ⚭ around 970 Hugo Capet , 960 Dux Francorum , 987 King of France , † October 24, 996
            2. (probably I) Ebalus (Ebles), † 977, 936 Abbot of Saint-Maixent , 937/77 Thesaurarius of Saint-Hilaire-de-Poitiers , 944 Bishop of Langres , resigns in 963
      2. Gauzbert, Graf before April 878, ⚔ 892
      3. Ebalus (Ebles), b. 857, ⚔ October 2, 892, Abbot of St. Germain-des-Prés , Saint-Denis and Saint-Hilaire-de-Poitiers
   2. Gerhard II., † before 879, Count of Limousin
      1. Géraud, Count of Aurillac , † probably 909
   3. Daughter ; ⚭ Fulko (Foucher) de Limoges , † probably 886 ( House Limoges )

From William V to Eleanor of Aquitaine

1. William III. (V.) the Great (Guillaume le Grand), † January 31, 1030, 993 Count of Poitou and Duke of Aquitaine; - For ancestors see above
   ⚭ I around 997 Almodis of Gévaudan , † after 1005, widow of Boson I. Count of La Marche and Périgord ( House of Périgord );
   ⚭ II beginning of 1011 Sancha (Brisca) of Gascogne, † before 1018, daughter of Guillaume Sanche Duke of Gascogne ( House of Gascogne );
   ⚭ III 1019 Agnes of Burgundy , † November 10, 1068 as a nun, daughter of Otto Wilhelm , Count of Burgundy ( Franche-Comté , House of Burgundy-Ivrea ), she married in second marriage on January 1, 1032, divorced 1049/52, Gottfried II Martel , Count of Anjou
   1. William IV (VI) the Fat (Guillaume le Gros), * 1004, † December 15, 1038, 1030 Count of Poitou, Saintonge and Guyenne ; ⚭ before 1031 Eustachie von Montreuil-Bellay , † after 1038, daughter of Berlay III.
   2. (II) Odo (Eudes), ⚔ March 10, 1039, 1032 Duke of Gascony , 1038 Count of Poitou and Guyenne
   3. (II) Adelais; ⚭ Géraud I , Count of Armagnac ( House of Lomagne )
      1. Bernard II Tumapaler , Duke of Gascony
   4. (III) Peter (Pierre), † 1058, 1039 as William V (VII.) The Bold (Guillaume l'Aigret) Count of Poitou, Duke of Aquitaine; ⚭ before 1041 Ermesinde von Longwy , † after 1058, daughter of Albert , Count of Longwy,
      1. ? Agnes, † after June 13, 1089; ⚭ I around 1054 Ramiro I , 1035 King of Aragón , ⚔ May 8, 1064 ( House of Jiménez ); ⚭ II 1064 Peter I Count of Savoy , † August 9, 1078
      2. Clementia, † after 1129, heiress of Longwy , wife of Gleiberg ; ⚭ I shortly before 1075 Conrad I, Count of Luxembourg, † August 8, 1086; ⚭ II Gerhard I. Flaminius , 1096 Count of Geldern , † 1129/38
   5. (III) Agnes von Poitou , † December 14, 1077 in Rome , regent of the Roman-German Empire 1056-1062; ⚭ November 20, 1043 Emperor Heinrich III. , 1039 Roman-German King , 1046 Emperor , † October 5, 1056 ( Salier )
   6. (III) Guido (Guy), † September 25, 1086, 1058 as Wilhelm VI. (VIII.) Count of Poitou and Duke of Aquitaine; ⚭ I around 1044, repudiated in 1058, Anna of Périgord , daughter of Count Aldebert II ( House of Périgord ); ⚭ II 1058/9, divorced 1068, Mathilde von La Marche , daughter of Count Audebert; ⚭ III 1068/9 Hildegard of Burgundy, † after 1104, probably 1120, daughter of Robert I Duke of Burgundy ( Elder House of Burgundy )
      1. (I) Agnes, * 1052, † July 6, 1078; ⚭ 1069, probably divorced in 1077, Alfons VI. 1072 King of Castile and León , † June 30th / 1. July 1109
      2. (III) Wilhelm VII. (IX.) The boy (Guillaume le Jeune), * probably October 22, 1071, † February 10, 1126/27, 1086 Count of Poitou and Duke of Aquitaine; ⚭ I 1089, divorced 1090, Ermengarde von Anjou , † June 1, 1146 in Jerusalem , daughter of Count Fulko IV , she married Alain IV. Fergent Duke of Brittany around 1093 ; ⚭ II 1094, divorced 1115, Philippa (Matilde), † November 28, 1117) daughter of William IV. Count of Toulouse , divorced from Sancho I, King of Aragon and Navarre ( House Jiménez ); ⚭ (out of wedlock)
         1. (II) William VIII (X.) (Guillaume), * 1099, † April 9, 1137, 1126 Count of Poitou and Duke of Aquitaine; ⚭ I Eleonore, † after March 1130), daughter of Amalrich I (Amaury I), Vice Count of Châtellerault and his father's lover; ⚭ II Emma, ​​daughter of Aymar III, Vice Count of Limoges ( House of Limoges )
            1. (I) Wilhelm (Guillaume), † December 1130/1137
            2. (I) Eleonore , * 1122, † March 31, 1204, 1137 Duchess of Aquitaine (Guyenne), Countess of Poitou etc .; ⚭ I 22./25. July 1137, divorced March 18, 1152, Louis VII. , 1137 King of France , † September 18, 1180 ( Capetian ); ⚭ II May 18, 1152 Henry II , 1149 Duke of Normandy , 1151 Count of Anjou , 1154 King of England , † July 6, 1189 ( Plantagenet )
            3. Aelis (Pétronelle), † after October 24, 1153; ⚭ 1142, probably divorced in 1151, Rudolf I (Raoul le Vaillant) Count of Vermandois († October 14, 1152) ( Capetian )
         2. (II) Raimund (Raymond), ⚔ June 27, 1149, 1136 Prince of Antioch ; ⚭ 1140 Konstanze , * 1127, † 1163, 1131 Princess of Antioch, ( Hauteville (noble family) ), daughter of Prince Bohemond II , she married in 1153 Renaud de Châtillon (Rainald of Chatillon), 1153 Prince of Antioch, † beheaded 1187 - descendants see below
         3. (illegitimate, mother: Maubergeron / Dangerose, wife of Amaury I, Vice Count of Châtellerault ) Heinrich , Prior of Cluny
         4. (illegitimate, mother: Maubergeron / Dangerose, see above) Agnes (Mathilde); ⚭ I before 1117 Aimery VI. Vice Count of Thouars , † 1127 ( House of Thouars ); ⚭ II November / December 1135 Ramiro II. 1134/37 King of Aragón , † August 16, 1157 ( House Jiménez )
         5. (illegitimate, mother: Maubergeron / Dangerose, see above) Adelaide; ⚭ Raoul de Fays
         6. (illegitimate, mother: Maubergeron / Dangerose, see above) Agnes, Abbess of Saintes
         7. (illegitimate, mother: Maubergeron / Dangerose, see above) Wilhelm I (Guillaume I), † March 4, 1187, Count of Valentinois - descendants: the House of Poitiers-Valentinois
      3. (III) Hugo (Hugues), † after 1126
      4. (III) Agnes, † 1097; ⚭ Peter I , King of Aragón in 1094 , † September 27, 1104 ( House of Jiménez )
      5. (III) Beatrix, † 1110; ⚭ I 1108 Alfons VI. , 1072 King of Castile and León , † June 30/1. July 1109
   7. (III) Beatrix, † probably 1109; ⚭ Raymond I of Melgueil

The Princes of Antioch and Counts of Tripoli from the House of Poitou

1. Raimund (Raymond), † June 27, 1149, 1136 Prince of Antioch ; ⚭ 1140 Konstanze , * 1127, † 1163, 1131 Princess of Antioch, ( Hauteville (noble family) ), daughter of Prince Bohemond II , she married in 1153 Renaud de Châtillon (Rainald of Chatillon), 1153 Prince of Antioch, † beheaded 1187 - ancestors see above
   1. Maria , * probably 1145, † strangled and thrown into the sea August 27, 1182, 1180/82 regent of Byzantium, then a nun; ⚭ September 25, 1161 Manuel I Comnenus , † September 24, 1180 Emperor of Byzantium
   2. Bohemond III. , † March 20/1. October 1201 prince of Antioch 1163; ⚭ 1177, repudiated 1180, Irene (or Theodora) Komnene (see Komnenen )
      1. Raymond IV. , † May / June 1199, 1187/89 Count of Tripoli , 1189 co-regent in Antioch; ⚭ Alice, daughter of Ruben III. Prince of Lesser Armenia
         1. Raimund II. Ruben , * 1199, † 1221/22, Prince of Antioch 1216–1219; ⚭ Helvis of Jerusalem and Cyprus, daughter of Amalrich
            1. Maria; * 1215, heiress of Toron; ⚭ Philip of Montfort, lord of Tire and Toron , † murdered 1270 ( house of Montfort-l'Amaury )
      2. Bohemund IV. , † March 1233, 1187 / 89–1233 Count of Tripoli , 1199 co-regent in and 1201–1205, 1208–1216 and 1219–1233 Prince of Antioch ; ⚭ I Plaisance Embriaco by Gibelet , daughter of Hugo III. Embriaco ; ⚭ II 1218 Melusine of Jerusalem and Cyprus, daughter of King Amalrich
         1. Raimund , * 1195, † murdered at the end of 1213 in Tartus , Bailli of Antioch
         2. Bohemond V , † January 1252, followed in 1233 in Antioch and Tripoli; ⚭ I Alice , daughter of Heinrich II. Count of Champagne and Queen Isabella I of Jerusalem; ⚭ 2) Lucienne von Segni, a relative of Pope Gregory IX. , 1252 regent of Antioch and Tripoli
            1. Plaisance , * probably 1236, † 1261, regent of Cyprus 1253/61; ⚭ 1251 Henry I, King of Cyprus , † January 8, 1253
            2. Bohemond VI. , * probably 1237, † 1275, follows 1252, loses the city of Antioch on May 29, 1268; ⚭ 1254 Sibylle of Armenia, daughter of King Hethum I.
               1. Isabelle, † young
               2. Bohemund VII. , † October 19, 1287, Count of Tripoli and titular prince of Antioch 1275/87
               3. Lucia , † before June 29, 1299, follows 1288, loses Tripoli in 1289 ⚭ Narjot de Toucy, 1277 Admiral of Sicily, † 1293
               4. Maria, † before 1280; ⚭ Nicolas de Saint-Omer, co-lord of Thebes , Bailli of Achaia , † 1294
         3. Philip , † 1226 in prison, 1222–1224 King of Armenia ; ⚭ Isabella (Zabel) , Queen of Armenia, daughter of King Leo II.
         4. Heinrich , † drowned in the sea June 27, 1276; ⚭ 1233 Isabella of Cyprus , daughter of King Hugo I - for descendants see below
         5. Maria, † after 10 December 1307, will take up her inheritance to Jerusalem in 1277 to Charles of Anjou from
      3. Bohemond , † after 1244, lord of Batrun
         1. Johann, † in prison after 1244
         2. Wilhelm (II.) , † after 1262, from 1244 Lord of Batrun, from 1258 constable of Jerusalem ⚭ Agnes of Sidon, daughter of Balian Garnier
            1. Johann , † 1277, Lord of Batrun ⚭ Lucie Embriaco of Gibelet
         3. Jacob , † 1277
            1. Rudolf (Rostaing) († after 1282), 1277 Lord of Batrun
            2. Alix, ⚭ Wilhelm von Farabel , Lord of Le Puy, constable of Tripoli around 1282
            3. Wilhelm
   3. Philippa, * probably 1148, † 1178; ⚭ 1166/67 concubine of Andronikos I Komnenos , † 1185, 1183 Emperor of Byzantium ; ⚭ 1167/76 Humfried II of Toron , ⚔ May 22, 1179, constable of Jerusalem
   4. Baldwin, ⚔ September 17, 1176 at the Battle of Myriokephalon

The kings of Cyprus and Armenia from the House of Poitou

1. Heinrich of Antioch , † 1276; ⚭ Isabella of Cyprus , daughter of King Hugo I ( House of Lusignan ) - ancestors see above
   1. Hugo III , † March 4, 1284 in Tire , ruler of Cyprus and Jerusalem 1261, king of Cyprus 1267, king of Jerusalem 1269; ⚭ Isabella von Ibelin , daughter of Hugo
      1. Johann I , † May 20, 1285, succeeds as King of Cyprus in 1284
      2. Bohemond, † November 3, 1283
      3. Heinrich II. , † 1324, follows as King of Cyprus in 1285; ⚭ 1319 Konstanze, daughter of Frederick II, King of Sicily
      4. Amalrich , Konnetabel of Jerusalem, regent of Cyprus 1306–1310, titular prince of Tire ; ⚭ Isabella of Armenia , daughter of King Leon III.
         1. Hugo († 1318/1323 in Armenia), Lord of Crusoche ⚭ Eschiva von Ibelin († after 1324), mistress of St. Nicholas, daughter of Philip of Ibelin († 1304)
         2. Heinrich († before 1323)
         3. Guido († 1344), King of Armenia as Constantine IV 1342–1344, ⚭1330 / 32 Theodora Syrgiannaina († 1347/1349), daughter of the cupbearer Syrgiannes Palaiologos Philanthropenos
            1. Isabelle (or Zampea = Maria) de Lusignan (1382–1387), mistress of Aradippou, ⚭ 1349 Manuel Kantakuzenos , despot of Morea
         4. Johann († 1343), at times constable and regent of Armenia, ⚭ Soldane, daughter of King Giorgi V of Georgia
            1. Leon VI , † November 1393 in Paris , King of Armenia 1374–1375
         5. Bohemond († 1344), lord of Korikos 1336, ⚭ 1340 Euphemia of Neghir († after 1381), daughter of Baldwin of Neghir, Marshal of Armenia
         6. Agnes († after 1309), ⚭ 1305 Leo IV , King of Armenia 1303–1307
      5. Guido , † 1303; ⚭ 1284 Eschiva von Ibelin , mistress of Beirut , widow of Humfried von Montfort ( house Montfort-l'Amaury )
         1. Hugo IV. , Follows as King of Cyprus in 1324, thanks from November 10, 1359, ⚭ Alice von Ibelin († 1386), daughter of Guido von Ibelin († 1308), Seneschal of Cyprus
            1. Eschiva of Lusignan († 1363) ⚭ Ferdinand of Mallorca († around 1345), Infante of Mallorca, Vice-Count of Aumelàs
            2. Guido, disinherited; ⚭ Marie de Bourbon, Princess of Achaia , daughter of Ludwig I, Duke of Bourbon
               1. Hugo, † 1379, titular prince of Galilee , prince of Achaia 1364–1370
            3. Peter I († January 17, 1369), follows in 1359, King of Armenia by conquering the Cilician coastal cities in 1360, ⚭ I 1342 Eschiva von Montfort († before 1353), daughter of Ruben and Maria von Ibelin, ⚭ II 1353 Eleanor of Aragon († December 26, 1416/17), daughter of the Infante Peter von Aragón and Johanna von Foix, co-regent in Cyprus from 1369 to 1379
               1. (II) Peter II. († October 13, 1382) follows in 1369, loses the Cilician coastal cities in 1373
               2. (II) Margarete († around 1397) ⚭ 1385 Jacques de Lusignan, Count of Tripoli († before 1397, House of Lusignan )
            4. Johann von Lusignan († 1375), regent of Cyprus and titular prince of Antioch
            5. James I , † September 30, 1398, succeeds 1382, king of Cyprus and Jerusalem, titular king of Armenia 1393
               1. Janus , † June 28, 1432, follows 1398; ⚭ Sibylle von Montferrat , daughter of Margrave Theodor II.
                  1. John II , † July 26, 1458, follows in 1432 as King of Cyprus and Titular King of Jerusalem and Armenia; ⚭ I Helene, daughter of the despot Theodor II of Misithra ; ⚭ II 1437 Amadea von Montferrat , daughter of Margrave Johann Jakob
                     1. Charlotte , * 1442, † July 16, 1487, follows 1458 to September 1460; ⚭ I Johann Duke of Coimbra , † 1457, titular prince of Antioch , co-regent 1456–1457; ⚭ II October 7, 1459 Ludwig of Savoy (Ludwig the Younger), Count of Geneva , † 1482, King of Cyprus (uxor nomine) 1459–1460
                     2. Jacob II , illegitimate, † July 6, 1473, follows 1460; ⚭ 1472 Katharina Cornaro , † July 10, 1510 in Venice , Queen of Cyprus from 1474 to February 26, 1489, hands Cyprus over to Venice.
                        1. Jacob III , † August 26, 1474, followed in 1473
                  2. Anna, † 1462; ⚭ Louis the Elder , Duke of Savoy
               2. Marie, * 1382, † September 4, 1404; ⚭ February 12, 1402 Ladislaus , King of Naples and Sicily , † 1414
               3. Hugo-Lancelot of Lusignan (* 1380/1385 in Cyprus, † August 1442 in Geneva), cardinal
         2. Isabelle, ⚭ 1322 Eudes de Dampierre, Connétable of Jerusalem
      6. Margarete, ⚭ Thoros III. of Armenia
      7. Maria ⚭ Jacob King of Sicily
   2. Margarete (* 1244, † January 30, 1308), ⚭ 1268 Johann von Montfort († 1283), Lord of Tire ( House of Montfort-l'Amaury )

literature

• Detlev Schwennicke: European Family Tables , Volume II (1984) Plate 76 and Volume III (1984) Plate 154

used therein:

• Erich Brandenburg: The descendants of Charlemagne , Leipzig 1935
• Siegfried Rösch: Caroli Magni Progenies I , Neustadt / Aisch 1977
• Jacques Saillot: Le sang de Charlemagne , Angers 1980

Footnotes

1. ↑ Albert von Longwy was equated around 1960 with Adalbert , Duke of Lorraine , † 1048; this identification has proven to be untenable. See main article Adalbert (Lorraine)
2. ↑ Raimund von Poitiers is given in Schwennicke ( European Family Tables II (1984) Plate 76 as the illegitimate son of Wilhelm IX. (VII.) From his relationship with the wife of Amaury I. Vice-Count of Châtellerault . However, it is common to see him as the younger son of Wilhelm from his 2nd marriage to Philippa von Toulouse, where the name Raimund was the lead name, although it should be noted that it was precisely her uncle Raimund IV who gave her - with the will of her father Wilhelm IV - the county of Toulouse, her alleged inheritance due to lack of male descendants, withheld. The sources cited in the "collection of materials" do not comment on who Raimund's mother was, and Steven Runciman is also silent in his "History of the Crusades" (7th book, 2nd chapter In the article “Wilhelm IX.” of the Lexicon of the Middle Ages (Volume IX, Column 140), however, this connection is made: “He [Wilhelm IX.] was able to stay in Toulouse until 1123 (...), where Philippa also their son Raim and (* 1114/17), whose name identified him as the heir of the county, gave birth ”.