House of Flanders

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Coat of arms of the Counts of Flanders

The House of Flanders , also called Balduine (lat. Balduini ), ruled the county of Flanders from 863 to 1119 and from 1191 to its extinction in 1280. It also ruled the county of Hainaut from 1051 to 1280 and the county of Namur from 1188 to 1212. It provided two emperors of Constantinople from 1204 to 1216 .

history

King Charles the Bald enfeoffed his son-in-law Baldwin I Eisenarm with the county of Flanders around 863 . Representation from the 15th century.

The House of Flanders was one of the first families of the Franconian nobility to establish itself long-term on an inheritable territory. The house was founded by Baldwin I , known as Eisenarm , who was married to Judith, a daughter of the West Frankish king and Roman emperor Charles the Bald from the Carolingian house . From 1051 on, the House of Flanders also ruled over the county of Hainaut , beginning with Baldwin I of Hainaut . The county of Namur (1188-1212) also owned the house for a short time .

The rule of the House of Flanders over Flanders initially ended in 1119 with the death of Baldwin VII , but in 1191 the county regained it with Baldwin VIII of Flanders (Baldwin V of Hainaut).

The family reached another zenith with the Fourth Crusade , when they appointed the Latin Emperors of Constantinople from 1204 to 1216 (including the husband and sons of the sister of the two emperors until 1261) .

The House of Flanders went out in 1280 with the death of Margaret II.

Tribe list

Baldwin I. to Balduin V.

Gravensteen Castle in Ghent, main residence of the County of Flanders
  1. Baldwin I , † 879, Count of Flanders; ⚭ 862 Judith, † after 870, daughter of Emperor Karl dem Kahlen ( Carolingian ), widow of Æthelwulf , king of Wessex , † 858, and Æthelbald , king of Wessex, † 860
    1. Baldwin II the Bald , * 863/65, † 918 probably on September 10; 879 Count of Flanders; ⚭ 884 Aelftrud of Wessex, † June 7, 929, daughter of King Alfred the Great ( House of Wessex )
      1. Arnulf I the Great , * 885/890, † March 27, 964, Count of Flanders 918; ⚭ I NN; ⚭ II 934 Adele von Vermandois , * 910/915, † 960, daughter of Count Heribert II. ( Carolingian )
        1. Hildegard, * probably 934; † April 10, 990; ⚭ around 940/945 Dietrich II. Count of West Friesland ; † May 6, 988 ( Gerulfinger )
        2. Luitgard, * 935; † 962 before October 18; ⚭ around 950 Wichmann Graf von Hamaland ; † after December 14, 973
        3. Ekbert; † before July 10, 953
        4. Balduin III. , * probably 940; † January 1, 962, 958 co-count of Flanders; ⚭ 961 Mathilde of Saxony, † May 25, 1008, daughter of Duke Hermann Billung ( Billunger ), who was married to Gottfried the captive Count of Verdun in 963 ; † after 995, married ( Wigeriche )
          1. Arnulf II , * 961/962, † March 30, 987, Count of Flanders 964, buried in Ghent ; ⚭ around 968 Rozala-Susanna of Italy , * 950/60, † February 7 or December 13, 1003, daughter of Berengar II , King of Italy ( House of Burgundy-Ivrea ), she married Robert II in second marriage in 988 , King of France ( Capetian )
            1. Mathilde, † before 995
            2. Balduin IV. Pulchrae Barbae , * probably 980; † May 30, 1035, Count of Flanders 987; ⚭ I around 1012, Otgiva von Luxemburg , † February 21, 1030, daughter of Count Friedrich ( Wigeriche ); ⚭ II NN (Eleonore) of Normandy , daughter of Richard II. , Duke of Normandy ( Rollonids ), and Judith of Bretagne
              1. (I) Baldwin V. Insulanus , * probably 1013, † September 1, 1067 in Lille , 1035 Count of Flanders, 1060–1067 Regent of France, buried in Lille; ⚭ 1028 Adela of France , † January 8, 1079 in the Messines Monastery , Countess von Contenance, founder of the Messines Monastery, also buried there, daughter of King Robert II ( Capetian ), widow of Duke Richard III. from Normandy ( Rollonids ) - offspring see below
              2. (II) (presumably) Judith , * around 1030, † March 5, 1094; ⚭ I before 1051 Toste Godwinsson , 1055 Earl of Northumbria , X 1066 ( Godwins ); ⚭ II around 1070 Welf I , 1070 Duke of Bavaria , † 1101 ( Welfen )
        5. Elftrude, ⚭ Siegfried, 928 Lord of Guînes ; † probably 965 ( Guînes house )
      2. Adalolf (Aethelwulf) , 918 Count of Boulogne and Thérouanne
        1. Son, † 962 before September
        2. Arnulf II , † after January 31, 972, Count of Boulogne
        3. (illegitimate) Balduin Baldzo, † 973, 964 guardian of Count Arnulf II of Flanders
      3. Ealswid
      4. Ermentrud
    2. Rudolf , † June 28, 896, count in the Vermandois
      1. Daughter; ⚭ Isaac , 916/40 Count of Cambrai, † before April 30, 948

Baldwin V to Baldwin VII and the Counts of Hainaut

  1. Baldwin V. Insulanus , * probably 1013, † September 1, 1067 in Lille , 1035 Count of Flanders, 1060–1067 Regent of France, buried in Lille; ⚭ 1028 Adela of France , † January 8, 1079 in the Messines Monastery , Countess von Contenance, founder of the Messines Monastery, also buried there, daughter of King Robert II ( Capetian ), widow of Duke Richard III. of Normandy ( Rolloniden ) - ancestors see above
    1. Baldwin VI. (I) , * probably 1030, † July 17, 1070, around 1055 Count of Hainaut , 1045 Margrave of Antwerp , 1067 Count of Flanders; ⚭ around 1055 Richilde , heiress of Hainaut, † March 15, 1086, widow of Hermann von Bergen , Count of Hainaut, married in third marriage in 1070 Guillaume de Crépon , X February 22nd, 1071 at the Battle of Cassel
      1. Arnulf III. , * probably 1055, X February 22, 1071 in the Battle of Cassel , 1070 Count of Flanders
      2. Balduin II , * probably 1056, † on the crusade 1098 after June 8, 1071 Count of Hainaut; ⚭ 1084 Ida von Löwen, attested in 1107, daughter of Count Heinrich II.
        1. Ide, * probably 1085, † after 1101; ⚭ around 1100 Thomas de Coucy , Seigneur de Marle , † 1130/31 ( House Boves )
        2. Balduin III. , † 1120, 1098 Count of Hainaut; ⚭ Jolante von Geldern , daughter of Count Gerhard I. Flaminius , married Geoffroy de Bouchain for the second time
          1. Baldwin IV. , * Probably 1110, † October 6 or November 8, 1171, 1120 Count of Hainaut; ⚭ around 1130 Alice von Namur , † end of July 1169, daughter of Count Gottfried - for descendants see below
          2. Gerhard, † 1166; ⚭ Hedwig von Dale, heiress of Dale, daughter of Hermann II. Count of Calvelage - descendants: the Counts of Dale, † after 1331
          3. Gertrud; ⚭ before August 9, 1138 Roger III. de Tosny , † 1162 ( Tosny House )
          4. Richildis; ⚭ I Thierry d'Avesnes ( House Avesnes ); ⚭ II Everard II. Radulf Burgrave of Tournai , attested in 1135/59
        3. Arnold (Arnulf); ⚭ Beatrix von Ath , daughter of Walter and Ade de Roucy - descendants: the lords of Le Roeulx , † 1288
        4. Ludwig, attested in 1096
        5. Heinrich, attested in 1096,
        6. Simon, 1096 canon in Liège
        7. Wilhelm, † after 1117
        8. Richilde, * probably 1095, † after 1118; ⚭ Amaury III. von Montfort , Count of Évreux , † after September 1136, divorced 1118 ( House of Montfort-l'Amaury )
        9. Aelidis, 1132/53 attested; ⚭ Nicolas II. De Rumigny , 1100/53 attested
      3. Agnes, attested around 1171
    2. Mathilde , * probably 1032, † November 3, 1083; ⚭ 1053 William II Duke of Normandy, 1066 King of England , † September 9, 1087 ( Rollonids )
    3. Robert I the Frisian , * probably 1035, † October 13, 1093, 1062/71 Count of Holland , 1071 Count of Flanders; ⚭ 1063 Gertrud von Sachsen, † August 4, 1113, daughter of Bernhard II , Duke of Saxony ( Billunger ), widow of Count Florens I of Holland ( Gerulfinger )
      1. Robert II , † November 5, 1111, 1086 co-count, 1093 Count of Flanders; ⚭ before 1092 Clémence of Burgundy, † probably 1133, daughter of William I , Count of Burgundy ( House of Burgundy-Ivrea ), married in 1125 Gottfried I , Duke of Brabant ( Reginare )
        1. Baldwin VII. , * 1093, † June 17, 1119 in Roeselare , 1111 Count of Flanders; ⚭ 1110, divorced, Havide of Bretagne, daughter of Alain IV , Duke of Bretagne ( House of Cornouaille )
        2. Wilhelm, * 1094, † 1109
        3. Son , * 1095, † small
      2. Philipp, called van Loo, † 1127
        1. (illegitimate) Wilhelm von Ypres , * around 1104, † January 24, 1162 or 1164, pretender
      3. Adela , † April 1115; ⚭ I after 1080 Canute IV the Holy King of Denmark , † July 10, 1086 ( House Estridsson ); ⚭ II 1090 Roger Borsa , Duke of Apulia, † 1111 ( Hauteville )
        1. (I) Charles the Good , * probably 1084, † March 2, 1127, 1119 Count of Flanders; ⚭ around 1119 Marguerite de Clermont, daughter of Renaud II , Count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis , and Adele of Vermandois , she married Hugo II. Count of Saint-Pol , † 1130/31 ( House Candavene , and in third marriage to Baudouin d'Encre
      4. Gertrud, † 1115/26; ⚭ I Heinrich III. , Count of Löwen , † February 5, 1095; ⚭ II Dietrich II , Duke of Lorraine - the parents of the Counts of Flanders from the House of Châtenois
      5. Otgiva, Abbess of Messines 1101/27
      6. Baldwin, † before 1080

The emperors of Constantinople

  1. Baldwin IV. , * Probably 1110, † October 6 or November 8, 1171, 1120 Count of Hainaut; ⚭ around 1130 Alice von Namur , † end of July 1169, daughter of Count Gottfried - ancestors see above
    1. Jolande, * 1131, † after April 1202; ⚭ I 1151/52 Ives II. De Nesle, 1141 Count of Soissons ( House Nesle ), † August 1178; ⚭ II around 1179 Hugo IV. Count of Saint-Pol , † 1205 ( House of Candavene )
    2. Balduin, * probably 1134, † 1147/50
    3. Laurette, † August 9, 1181; ⚭ I Dietrich von Aalst , † April 20, 1166; ⚭ II 1173 Bouchard IV. De Montmorency , † 1189 (family list of the Montmorency )
    4. Agnes, * probably 1140/45, † 1168/73; ⚭ before 1164 Raoul I. de Coucy , X 1191 before Acre ( House Coucy )
    5. Gottfried, * 1147, † April 7, 1163, Count of Ostervant ; probably married to Eleonore, 1183 Countess of Vermandois , Valois etc. * 1152, † after 1221, daughter of Count Raoul I. le Vaillant ( House of France-Vermandois ), she married: ⚭ before 1167 Wilhelm IV., 1161 Count of Nevers , † October 25, 1168 in Palestine ( House of Monceaux ); ⚭ around 1170 Matthew of Alsace , 1160 Count of Boulogne , X July 25, 1173 in Normandy ; ⚭ around 1175 Matthieu III. Count of Beaumont-sur-Oise , † November 27, 1208/09; ⚭ around 1210 Etienne II. De Blois , lord of Châtillon-sur-Loing , † 1252
    6. Baldwin V (VIII.) , * 1150, † December 17, 1195 in Mons , 1171 Count of Hainaut, July 1190 Margrave of Namur , 1191 Count of Flanders ; ⚭ April 1169 Margaret of Lothringen , † November 15, 1194, 1191/94 Countess of Flanders, daughter of Dietrich of Alsace , Count of Flanders ( House of Châtenois ), widow of Rudolf II the Leper , Count of Vermandois ( House of France-Vermandois )
      1. Isabella , * 1170, † 1190, 1180 Countess of Artois ; ⚭ April 28, 1180 Philip II , 1180 King of France ( Capetian )
      2. Baldwin VI. (IX.) , * July 1171, † June 11, 1205, 1194 Count of Flanders, 1195 Count of Hainaut, 1204 Emperor of Constantinople ; ⚭ January 6, 1186 Marie de Champagne , * probably 1174, † August 9, 1204, daughter of Count Heinrich I of Champagne ( Blois House )
        1. Johanna , * 1200, † December 5, 1244 in Marquette , 1205 Countess of Hainaut and Flanders; ⚭ I January 1, 1212 Ferdinand of Portugal , † March 4 (or July 26) 1233; ⚭ II April 2, 1237 Thomas II , Count of Savoy , 1239/44 Count of Hainaut and Flanders, † February 1, 1259
        2. Margaret II , * 1202, † February 10, 1280, 1244 Countess of Hainaut and Flanders; ⚭ I before July 23, 1212, probably divorced in 1221, Burkhard von Avesnes , Bailli von Hainaut, † 1244 ( House Avesnes ); ⚭ II August 18th / 15th November 1223 Wilhelm II of Dampierre, † September 3, 1231 ( House Dampierre )
      3. Philip I , * 1175/76, † 8./9. October 1212, 1196 Margrave of Namur , 1200/12 Regent of Flanders; ⚭ 1210 Maria of France, * 1198, † August 15, 1224, daughter of King Philip II ( Capetian ), she married in second marriage on August 8/22. April 1213 Henry I , Duke of Brabant
      4. Jolande , * probably 1175, † August 1219; ⚭ July 1, 1194 Peter II of Courtenay , Count of Nevers , Auxerre and Tonnerre , 1216 Emperor of Constantinople , † after June 1219
      5. Heinrich , * probably 1176, † July 11, 1216, 1206 Emperor of Constantinople ; ⚭ I February 4, 1207 Agnes von Montferrat , † 1208, daughter of Margrave Boniface I ( Aleramiden ); ⚭ II 1209 Maria of Bulgaria , daughter of Tsar Kalojan .
      6. Sibylle, † January 9, 1217; ⚭ after 1195 Guichard IV. De Beaujeu ( House Beaujeu )
      7. Eustach , † after 1217, military leader 1206/09, 12106/16 regent of the Kingdom of Thessaloniki ; ⚭ after June / July 1209 NN, daughter of Michael I. Komnenos Dukas from the Angelos family , despot of Epirus
      8. (illegitimate, mother unknown) Gottfried, 1196 provost of the Church of Our Lady in Bruges , canon in Cambrai , also provost in Mechelen , 1198 archdeacon in Cambrai, 1202 provost of Saint-Amé in Douai
    7. Heinrich, † after 1207, Seigneur de Sebourg ; ⚭ I Johanna von Peteghem, daughter of Johann I, lord of Peteghem and Cysoing ; ⚭ II Anastasia, attested in 1205
      1. (I) Baldwin, † small
      2. (I) Philipp, Seigneur de Sebourg; ⚭ NN, daughter of Alard d'Estrépy
        1. Baldwin
        2. Philip
        3. Johanna, nun in Le Quesnoy
        4. Alix; ⚭ Gautier de Bousies
        5. Isabelle, heiress of Sebourg, Fontaine-l'Evêque etc., attested in 1274; ⚭ I Baudouin de Cuincy ( House Hénin ); ⚭ II Arnold V. von Oudenaarde , 1271/1310 attested
      3. (II) Sibylle, 1205 canon in Ghislenghien
      4. (II) Jolande, 1205 canon in Ghislenghien
    8. Wilhelm, attested to in 1192/1213, regent of Hainaut in 1204

literature

  • Detlev Schwennicke : European family tables . Volume II, 1984, plate 6, used therein:
    • Léon Vanderkindere : La formation territoriale des principautés belges au moyen âge . 2nd edition, Volume I, Brussels 1902
    • Léon Vanderkindere: La Chronique de Gislebert de Mons . 2nd edition, Brussels 1904
    • Erich Brandenburg : The descendants of Charlemagne . Leipzig 1935 (genealogical tables of the Central Office for German Personal and Family History Volume XI)
    • Fernand Vercauteren: Actss des comtes de Flandre 1071-1128 . Brussels 1938 (Commission royale d'Histoire)
    • Eberhard Winkhaus : Ancestors to Charlemagne and Widukind . Ennepetal 1950, supplementary volume 1953
    • AWE Dek: Genealogy of the graven van Holland . 's-Gravenhage 1954
    • Genealogical yearbook . Neustadt / Aisch 1967
    • Daniel Van Overstraeten: Inventaire des archives de l'Abbaye de Ghislenghien . Brussels 1976
    • Siegfried Roesch : Caroli Magnu Progenies I . Neustadt / Aisch 1977

Footnotes

  1. ↑ For the descent of Judith see her article
  2. ↑ today Strépy-Bracquegnies, district of La Louvière