Joseph of Hazzi

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Joseph of Hazzi

Joseph Hazzi , from 1816 Knight von Hazzi , (born February 12, 1768 in Abensberg ; †  May 20, 1845 at Elkofen Castle ) was an administrative lawyer in the Kingdom of Bavaria . He is one of the founders of Bavarian geodesy and the monthly journal for construction and state beautification in Bavaria .

family

Hazzi's parents were the master mason Johann Adam Hazzi (1735–1790) and Magdalena geb. Krötz (1741-1807). In his first marriage Hazzi was married to the councilor's daughter Maria Therese von Setzger († 1815) from 1793 . In 1816 he married his second wife Josepha Basselet da La Rosée (1784-1870), daughter of the Privy Councilor Johann Caspar Alois Count Bassalet de La Rosée .

Life

Hazzi first attended school in Abensberg before his father sent him to the current Wilhelmsgymnasium in Munich as a boarding school pupil at the Domus Gregoriana , which he graduated in 1784. He probably completed the two-year basic course in philosophy at the Lyzeum Munich. From 1786 to 1789 he studied law at the University of Ingolstadt . During his studies, Hazzi became familiar with the teachings of the physiocrats , which from then on influenced his thinking and acting significantly.

Official in Bavaria

His first job was at the District Court Abensberg, then he returned to the High School Ingolstadt back to itself as a Licentiate of law habilitation . 1793 Appointment as fiscal councilor to the Bavarian capital and residence city of Munich . Under the protection of the privy councilor Freiherr von Stengel, he moved to the department of forestry, where he settled disputes on the spot by forming a "commissorium" and gained great insights into forestry. He used his business trips to conscientiously record observations. These notes were partly of a statistical nature, containing descriptions of the country and its people, their living conditions and customs, but also their diet and their costumes. They appeared in sequels from 1801 to 1805 and are richly decorated with watercolors by the court painter Ludwig Neureuther . They contain the first statistics that were collected in the individual markets and cities. In 1799, under the then Elector Max Joseph, he was promoted to State Council and General-Landes-Dirionsrat in Munich, a position which he was unable to assume because of the invasion of French troops under General Moreau. Instead, he was assigned to the French high command as a march commissary. Due to his knowledge of the country and the need to create precise maps, he founded a "topographical bureau" for Bavaria. The foundation stone for the later General Staff map series of Bavaria and the modern land surveying was laid here. Stimulated by trips across Europe, he strove for reforms . He conscientiously recorded his observations on business trips .

From 1802 to 1807 Hazzi owned the noble residence Pilgramsheim near Giesing . In the legal understanding that the elector Karl Theodor, who had died in the meantime, did not have the right to award the residence title and, as sovereign, had exceeded his powers, von Hazzi waived the further recognition of Pilgramsheim as a noble residence. Investigations continued until 1804 and ended with the decision to withdraw the rights as a residence and to return the property to Hofmark Falkenau . In March 1807, the secret judicial trainee von Effner acquired the former residence.

Coalition wars

In 1805, during the Third Coalition War , Hazzi was ordered to the French headquarters, where he met Napoleon Bonaparte . He had it assigned to his brother-in-law General Joachim Murat . After the victory, Hazzi headed the police administration of all areas conquered by the French army. 1806/07 he took part in the Fourth Coalition War. After the battle of Prussian Eylau he returned to Berlin . After the Peace of Tilsit transferred to Düsseldorf as a Councilor of State , he worked on the introduction of the Code Napoléon . He was only able to return to Bavaria through the Decree of Grand Trianon of August 26, 1811. It was not until 1813 that he was used as a councilor at the Royal Bavarian Central State Debt Liquidation Commission for the Swabian district again in the civil service and was ennobled in 1816 . The father of his second wife was Aloys Basselet von La Rosée , President of the Bavarian State Court of Appeal , from whom he bought Elkofen Castle and Estate near Grafing in 1827 , which he acquired within a few years, among other things, through the introduction of the five-field economy, stable feeding, appropriate fertilization and extraction of new ones fertile soil transformed into an exemplary operation through clearing and draining. In 1836 he made a trip to France and England.

Agriculture in Bavaria

His extensive field of work included the promotion of Bavarian agriculture, the improvement of economic development and infrastructure, as well as the concern for improving sources of income and living conditions for broad strata. As early as 1799 he tried in vain to build a Main-Danube Canal . Joseph von Hazzi was a founding member and deputy of the Monthly Gazette for Building and Landscaping , which was published from January 1821 and which was financed by the agricultural and polytechnic associations in a monthly circulation of 4,000 copies distributed free of charge. The main purpose of the Society for the Useful Beautification of the Bavarian Land was to increase the "friendly design and improvement of the cities, markets and villages, with their markings and corridors, then the perfecting of the individual building and culture facilities, especially through order and cleanliness to stimulate and promote domestic and public life ". His work About fertilizer, but also about the mischief in Germany, especially in the capital and residence city of Munich and throughout Bavaria , which appeared for the first time in 1821 and was reprinted in quick succession, he spoke not only for a fundamental renewal when fertilizing, but also published a description of the odorless movable floor that was invented in Paris at the time . This was an innovation in the sanitary area that spread quickly and was also introduced by the architect Leo von Klenze first in Munich in the newly built Palais Leuchtenberg , and then in many Bavarian households. Excerpts from "Über den Dünger ..." appeared in France and the Netherlands , among others . Alexander I (Russia) had the script and Hazzis ennobling the agricultural livestock (1824) translated, printed and distributed throughout Russia at his own expense .

As Chief Executive of the agricultural association wrote in Bavaria Hazzi thinking and pamphlets . In his work on the consolidation of goods (1818) he denounced the so-called servitude system . In 1822 he published the missive on the draft law on agricultural culture .

Always looking for new sources of income, he tried to introduce silkworm farming in Bavaria. At the General Committee of the Bavarian Agricultural Association, he arranged for a deputation to be set up for silk construction in 1822 . In 1826 he published the textbook of silk building for Germany and especially for Bavaria, or complete instruction on the planting and care of the mulberry trees, then the treatment of the silk worms, thus on silk farming . Out of concern for the smallholders, he wrote the catechism of the Bavarian state cultural laws as early as 1804 , including teaching agriculture for the rural people, also for use by judges and lawyers, elementary and school teachers . In the foreword it says: “Only cultivated land bears fruit, and that according to the ratio of effort.” This popular scientific guide was in great demand, so that in 1828 it was published in its third edition. In 1820 he published on the treatment, fodder and fattening of the cattle of agriculture . Encouraged by this success, in 1828 he wrote the catechism on the breeding, treatment and refinement of cattle species . Hazzi also campaigned for a reform of the poor agricultural legislation. In addition to the agricultural audience, the target group was the police. In 1831 his book Ueber Feldpolizei appeared , as a basic fortress of agriculture together with a draft for a comprehensive field and agricultural police order . In 1835 he wrote a commemorative publication entitled Representation of the 25 years of activity of the agricultural association in Baiern and the Central Agricultural Festival in Munich . All of Hazzi's writings also attracted attention, interest and recognition outside of Bavaria. Many of his essays have been published in professional journals at home and abroad. He worked on the Encyclopedia by Versch and Gruber , on the Jena literary newspaper and on Schnee's Landwirtschaftlicher Zeitung.

retirement

In 1837, at the age of 69, he resigned his offices and honors in the Bavarian Agricultural Association. He spent the last eight years of his life on his Burg Elkofen estate , devoting himself to hobbies and literary work. He died childless and was buried in the Oberelkofen cemetery. A plaque on the east side of the church commemorates him and his second wife.

Honors

Corresponding member

Honorary member

Others

  • In Abensberg, the former Schafgasse, where Hazzi was born, has been called Von-Hazzi-Straße since 1864 .

Works

  • The real views of the woods and forests. Munich 1804-1805.
    • [Volume 1,1]: At present about their purifications, together with the history of forestry in general, especially in Bavaria . 1804 digitized
    • [Volume 1, 2]: At present about the inappropriate and unjust of the forest shelf or the forest police with proposals for the necessary reforms . 1805 digitized
    • Volume 2: Presently about the public harm of the retention of the state forest or so-called Kammeralforstregie, with the detail of the Bavarian chamber forest statistics, to illuminate the chamber forest statistics in general . 1805 digitized
  • About the legal and non-profit aspects of culture and the division of pastures and common forests in Bavaria . Munich 1802.
  • Catechism of the Bavarian State Cultural Laws 1st and 2nd Part . Munich 1804. Digitized , digitized
  • About the ennobling of agricultural livestock .
  • Reflections on theurung and distress of the past and present , Munich 1818.
  • About the treatment, fodder and fattening of cattle in agriculture , Munich 1820.
  • About the fertilizer: but also about the mischief there in Germany, especially in Munich and all of Bavaria , Munich 1825.
  • Statistical information about the Duchy of Baiern
    Volume I 1801 Volume II 1 1802 Volume II 2 1802 Volume III 1 1803 Volume III 2 1804 Volume III 3 1804 Volume IV 1 1805 Volume IV 2 1807 Volume IV 3 1808 .

literature

Web links

Commons : Joseph von Hazzi  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hannelore Putz: The Domus Gregoriana in Munich . Munich 2003
  2. ^ Max Leitschuh: The matriculations of the upper classes of the Wilhelmsgymnasium in Munich , 4 vol., Munich 1970–1976; Vol. 3, p. 173
  3. ↑ Götz Frhr. v. Pölnitz: The register of the Ludwig Maximilian University . Munich 1939 ff.
  4. ↑ Paul Ernst Rattelmüller: Dirndl, Janker, Lederhosen: Artists discover the Upper Bavarian costumes . Munich undated ISBN 3-7742-4601-7
  5. ↑ Joseph von Hazzi: Statistical information about the Duchy of Baiern
  6. ↑ Information on Pilgram in Münchner Zeitensprünge on stadtgeschichte-muenchen.de ; accessed on January 17, 2019
  7. ^ Nördlingisches Intelligence- und Wochenblatt (1812)
  8. ↑ Monthly Journal for Building and Land Beautification, 1/1821
personal data
SURNAME Hazzi, Joseph of
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hazzi, Joseph Ritter von; Hazzi, Joseph
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bavarian civil servant
DATE OF BIRTH February 12, 1768
PLACE OF BIRTH Abensberg
DATE OF DEATH May 20, 1845
Place of death Elkofen Castle