Heerweg Cologne – Wipperfürth – Soest

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The Heerweg Köln – Wipperfürth – Soest , also called Wipperfürther Straße in sections , was an old road from Cologne via Wipperfürth , Halver , Lüdenscheid , Werdohl , Neuenrade , Balve and Arnsberg ( Neheim-Hüsten ) to Soest .

It was an important early medieval (according to other views already prehistoric) trade , pilgrimage and military route . Today's federal highway 506 runs between Cologne and Wipperfürth for the most part on the route of the Altstraße.

course

The road began in Cologne and ran almost in a straight line to Soest. The course is characterized (as with many old roads in low mountain ranges) by the fact that, as a high-altitude path, it predominantly runs on the mountain ranges of the slate mountains on the right bank of the Rhine , which stretches from south-west to north-east . It crossed the cultural areas Bergisches Land and Sauerland as a diagonal road .

On the whole route, due to the selected course on the mountain ranges, only five valleys and rivers had to be crossed:

  • The Wupper near Wipperfürth. The ford through the Wupper was probably eponymous for the name of the city.
  • The Volme in Winkhausen
  • The Lenne in Werdohl.
  • The Ruhr near Neheim-Hüsten.
  • The Möhne at Günne .

Cologne to Wipperfürth

The Heerweg crosses the Cologne districts of Mülheim , Holweide and Dellbrück , runs north past Gladbach and Hebborn and climbs up to the Dhünn - Sülz -Wasserscheide near Romaney . Places on the way are Rosenthal , Eikamp , Nussbaum and Herweg , whose name is derived from the Heerweg. At Bechen there was a road barrier in the form of a Landwehr with a barrier.

Via Schnappe , Neuensaal , Altensaal , Herrscherthal , Weiden the road led to Hutsherweg , whose name is also derived from the Heerweg, then via Wolfsorth , Dörnchen , Laudenberg to Ente , where there was also a Landwehr with a barrier as a barrier. The road to Wipperfürth descended via Lamsfuß , Herweg (the place name refers to the Heerweg), Kluse and Klingsiepen .

Wipperfürth to Lüdenscheid

In Wipperfürth, the Heerweg crossed the Wupper by means of a ford. There you can assume three branches of the path as far as the nearby Kreuzberg . The main route probably ran along Wipper - Hönnige Wasserscheide to Dievesherweg (here, too, the place name is derived from the Heerweg), crossed the Hönnige at Wasserfuhr (Furt) and crossed the Bergisch - Brandenburg border after Kreuzberg , which was secured by the Bergisch territorial defenses. In the nearby Brandenburg stop there was a control point on the road secured with a barrier. The place name stop goes back to this barrier. From the attack, the Heerweg continued over Wilde Ennepe , Schmidtsiepen , Berge , Grünewald and Ostendorf . From there down to Winkhausen where the Volme was crossed by means of a bridge. A trial in the free court on July 8, 1495 is proven at this bridge.

literature

  • Herbert Nicke : Forgotten ways: the historical network of long-distance routes between the Rhine, Weser, Hellweg and Westerwald, its protective systems and junctions . In: Land and history between Berg, Wildenburg and South Westphalia . tape 9 . Galunder, Wiehl 2001, ISBN 3-931251-80-2 , pp. 85 f .
  • Alfred Jung : Halver and Schalksmühle. Investigation and thoughts on the settlement history of the Halver Office, an old parish in the Saxon-Franconian border area. In: Friends of Altena Castle (ed.): Altenaer contributions. Works on the history and local history of the former County of Mark . tape 13 , 1978, ISSN  0516-8260 .
  • Rainer Assmann, Der Reidermeister 193 & 194, Lüdenscheid History and Local History Association