Henning August von Bredow

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Henning August Ludwig Mathias Ehrenreich von Bredow , also Henning August Ludwig Matthias Ehrenreich von Bredow (* March 2, 1774 in Prillwitz , † July 13, 1832 on his immediate winery near Kötzschenbroda ) was a Mecklenburg-Strelitz chief forester , Prussian district administrator and landowner on Schwanebeck und Zollen, Saxon winemaker and oenologist as well as director of the Saxon winegrowing company.

Live and act

Henning August von Bredow was the son of Asmus Wilhelm von Bredow (1731–1799), on Prillwitz, Usadel, Markau, Wernitz and Schwanebeck and his second wife Dorothea Ernestine nee. from Kospoth a. d. H. Schependorf (1751-1793). The father had previously been a lieutenant in the Bredow infantry regiment and at the time Henning was born, he was the landowner and district administrator. In addition, the father was the founder of the Prillwitz family within the von Bredow family . Henning was born in Prillwitz on his father's estate in the (partial) duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz . After his first home education he went to educational institutions in Dessau and Schnepfenthal . After studying fine sciences in Göttingen and Halle (Saale), he learned theoretical and practical forest science . At the age of 20 he was appointed ducal chief forester in Mecklenburg-Strelitz. Associated with the position in the service was the permission to study further through trips abroad.

These trips took him to Italy and, probably before, to France. The stay in Lyon , France , fell during the Revolution . Bredow “witnessed the greatest atrocities committed there”, so he was probably there for the punitive actions of 1794, when the Convention Commissioners Collot d'Herbois and Fouché ordered mass executions by foot and miter shops. The trips abroad inspired him for the fine arts ; Bredow built up a collection of engravings . Back in Strelitz he was successful in managing the forests and hunts entrusted to him. He was popular with his fellow men and welcomed at the court of his Duke Charles II .

Due to the death of his father in 1799, he and his brothers came to his estates in the Middle Mark . Since he was interested in agriculture, he worked it, where he acted quite successfully. When there was a good opportunity for sale, he sold the goods that had passed to him in order to acquire a property in Neumark in 1805. Since his estate in Zollen ( Zolnow , Soldin district ) was on the access roads to Küstrin and Stettin , it suffered greatly from the war events of the liberation from the French , which cost Bredow a large part of his fortune.

At the end of September 1812, Bredow married Ernestine Charlotte Wilhelmine von der Marwitz , widow, in Dertzow (pl. Derczewo , today part of Myślibórz , German Soldin ) . von Platen (* 1783; † December 20, 1862 in Niederlößnitz). In the following years the couple had four children, two boys and two girls.

In 1817 Bredow was the Prussian district administrator in Soldin and thus at the same time Commissarius General for catering to the Russian army and also jointly responsible for building up the local armed forces . With his agricultural training coming from the west, he introduced reforms: for example, he introduced stable feeding, divided his land according to the Mecklenburgische Koppelschlag (probably a farming system) and built a leather factory. He set up large fruit plantations and built the only brandy distillery in the region at the time. The yield of his land grew far beyond the interest payments that he had to provide for the acquisition. In particular, Bredow's success stood out from many neighbors, as some of them only earned half of the economic income they had before the wars of liberation against Napoleon. The death of one of Bredow's great lenders, with subsequent termination by the heirs, forced Bredow to sell the estate despite his success. In 1825 the 362 hectare estate was sold to David Itzigsohn.

Today a listed manor house of the Bredow estate, with outbuildings (in front of it)

Von Bredow spent the last years of his life as a winery owner in Saxony. In Lößnitz west of the royal seat of Dresden , in 1825 a Clos , formerly known as Weinartsruhe , went to Caroline Friedericke Sophia von Bredow, Bredows' youngest sister and married to his cousin Christoph August . Bredow settled there with his wife and four children. The almost 4 hectare large steep slope vineyard was then considered to be one of the best locations in the Lößnitz and is still today as a Minckwitzsch vineyard within the single location Radebeuler Steinrücke . The winery was located on the Kötzschenbroda vineyard floor, but was directly subordinate to the Dresden Office . It was not until Niederlößnitz was founded in 1839, seven years after Bredow's death, that the estate became part of a commune.

Bredow's interest in viticulture and oenology as well as his theoretical training and practical experience in agriculture led to improvements in cultivation on his estate. He also managed to "deprive the local country wine of its peculiar, unpleasant taste and to achieve a far better product from it." Bredow built a 72 ells (about 41 meters) long wine greenhouse on his property  , in which orange and orange trees were overwintered. Because of these successes, Bredow was elected director of the "half-dead" Royal Saxon Wine- Growing Society , through which he passed on his experience and knowledge. He began to write a book on oenology, but could only half complete it by the time he died. He received a later published lecture on viticulture, which he gave to the meeting of the Viticulture Society in 1830.

Bredow died in 1832 after a long period of suffering and was buried in the churchyard of the responsible parish of the Kötzschenbroda church . He left behind his wife Ernestine and four children.

The breeding success of the von Bredows on their winery was so great that they and their products were able to take part in the important winery parade in Lößnitz in 1840. The upper Lößnitzer painter and winemaker Moritz Retzsch immortalized on the third of eight leaves his Winzerzugs under no. 11 "two costümirte winemakers girl, a large Assyrian grape (from the glass house of the woman Oberforstmeisterin von Bredow in Niederlößnitz) and a full wine grape vine supporting, both as a gift for JJ majesties the king and queen intended ”. The “Assyrian grape” from the greenhouse was probably Portuguese Muscat .

Fonts

  • Henning August von Bredow: Viticulture in the Kingdom of Saxony in its past and present condition. A lecture ... At the meeting of the Royal Saxon. Weinbau-Gesellschaft on July 21, 1830. In: Negotiations and communications of the Königl. Saxon. Viticulture Society, Agricultural Journal. Published by the main agricultural association for the Kingdom of Saxony, in association with the Dresden Economic Society and the Leipzig Economic Society. First year, Arnoldische Buchhandlung, Dresden and Leipzig, 1845, pp. 169–175.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Henning August Ehrenreich Ludwig Matthias von Bredow.
  2. ^ Dorothea Ernestine von Kospoth.
  3. ↑ Whether the Old Prussian Infantry Regiment No. 7 or later the Old Prussian Garrison Regiment No. VII of his relative Carl Wilhelm von Bredow should be clarified
  4. ↑ Whether he was also a Prussian district administrator remains unclear. The knightly district of Stargard in Mecklenburg had no district administrators at that time; In old Mecklenburg there were district administrators only for the duchies of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Mecklenburg-Güstrow .
  5. ^ Asmus Wilhelm von Bredow . In: Marcelli Janecki , Deutsche Adelsgenossenschaft (Hrsg.): Yearbook of the German nobility . First volume. WT Bruer's Verlag, Berlin 1896, p. 322-323 ( dlib.rsl.ru ).
  6. ↑ a b Dr. Eckenstein: 221. Henning August Ludwig Matthias Ehrenreich von Bredow. In: New Nekrolog der Deutschen . Year 10, Part 2. Bernh. Ms. Voigt, Ilmenau 1834, p. 546. ( Digitized in the Google book search)
  7. ↑ a b Dr. Eckenstein: 221. Henning August Ludwig Matthias Ehrenreich von Bredow. In: New Nekrolog der Deutschen. Year 10, Part 2. Bernh. Fr. Voigt, Ilmenau 1834, pp. 546-547. ( Digitized in the Google book search)
  8. ^ Henning von Bredow, on Schwanebeck and Zollen.
  9. ^ Ernestine Charlotte Wilhelmine von der Marwitz.
  10. ^ Henning August Ehrenreich Ludwig Mathias [von Bredow] . In: Marcelli Janecki , Deutsche Adelsgenossenschaft (Hrsg.): Yearbook of the German nobility . First volume. WT Bruer's Verlag, Berlin 1896, p. 323-324 ( dlib.rsl.ru ).
  11. ^ Henning August Ehrenreich Ludwig Matthias von Bredow.
  12. ↑ inches.
  13. ↑ a b Dr. Eckenstein: 221. Henning August Ludwig Matthias Ehrenreich von Bredow. In: New Nekrolog der Deutschen. Year 10, Part 2. Bernh. Ms. Voigt, Ilmenau 1834, p. 547. ( digitized in the Google book search)
  14. ^ Karl Julius Hofmann: The Meissen Netherlands in its natural beauties and peculiarities or Saxon Italy in the Meissen and Dresden areas with their localities. A folk book for nature and patriot friends presented topographically, historically and poetically. Louis Mosche, Meißen 1853. p. 710. ( Digitized in the Google book search)
  15. ^ According to information from the museum management of the Saxon Wine Museum Hoflößnitz from September 20, 2013.
personal data
SURNAME Bredow, Henning August von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schwanebeck and Zollen, Henning August Ludwig Mathias Ehrenreich von Bredow on (full name); Schwanebeck and Zollen, Henning August Ludwig Matthias Ehrenreich von Bredow on (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German head forester, district administrator, landowner and director of the Saxon wine-growing company
DATE OF BIRTH March 2, 1774
PLACE OF BIRTH Prillwitz
DATE OF DEATH July 13, 1832
Place of death at Kötzschenbroda