Hermann Apelt

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Hermann Apelt (born July 10, 1876 in Weimar , † November 11, 1960 in Bremen ) was a German lawyer, politician ( DVP , BDV / FDP ) and senator in the Senate of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen .

biography

Family, education and work

Apelt was the grandson of the philosopher Ernst Friedrich Apelt from Jena and the son of the Weimar high school director Otto Apelt and his wife Cornelia Apelt, née Rassow. His granddaughter Julie Kohlrausch is an FDP member of the parliament in Bremen.

He graduated from Wilhelm-Ernst-Gymnasium Weimar and studied law at the University of Jena , the University of Tübingen and the University of Leipzig . In 1900 he moved to Bremen and passed his assessor exam there. He obtained his doctorate in 1901. jur. From 1904 he worked in a law firm. In 1906 he became the syndic of the Bremen Chamber of Commerce . He was a soldier in the First World War .

politics

In 1908 Apelt was elected to the Bremen citizenship . There he was a member of the Deputation for Ports and Railways. In 1917 he was elected Bremen Senator .

He joined the liberal German People's Party (DVP) after the First World War in 1919. In 1919/20 he was a member of the constituent Bremen National Assembly , from which he was elected to the Senate on April 10, 1919. As a senator was in the senates from 1919/20 under Karl Deichmann , from 1920 to 1925, from 1925 to 1928 and from 1928 to 1933 under the non-party President Martin Donandt . Since 1919, Apelt has been organizing the rebuilding of Bremen's shipping and the port of Bremen. One of his most difficult tasks was solving Bremen's financial crisis in 1930, during which he acted as inspector of the state treasury. Thanks to his negotiating skills, he was able to maintain Bremen's state independence.

After the SPD senators had to resign on March 6, 1933 at the request of the National Socialists, he and the other members of the Senate were forced to resign on March 16, 1933 and, due to his public rejection of National Socialism, excluded from all public offices.

After the Second World War he was a co-founder of the Bremen Democratic People's Party (BDV), later the FDP. In 1945 he was reappointed Senator for Economics, Ports and Transport in Senate Vagts and Senate Kaisen I , later partially supplemented by the departments of Shipping and Labor in Senates Kaisen II , Kaisen III and Kaisen IV . In 1955 Apelt left the Senate.

After 1945 it was his principle to put the restoration of the ports as a livelihood ahead of all other tasks when rebuilding the Bremen state. Immediately after the collapse in 1945, the clearing of the Weser and the ports began. The reconstruction of the seafaring schools in Bremen and Bremerhaven, the airfield and the expansion of the Lower Weser and the Mittelweser canal are among his merits.

Further memberships and offices

  • In 1921 Apelt was the co-founder of the Weserbund to promote the economy in the Weser area.
  • He was a member of the board from 1913 and chairman of the Kunstverein Bremen from 1922 to 1934 . In 1934, under pressure from the National Socialists, he had to resign from this office, after he protected the then endangered Kunsthalle director Emil Waldmann in 1933 , but he continued to work for the association as treasurer. From 1945 to 1957 he was again chairman of the association.
  • Since 1917 the German Society for the Rescue of Shipwrecked People has been particularly close to his heart.
  • In 1949 he was one of the founders of the Carl-Schurz-Gesellschaft , which was supposed to re -tie the strings between the Hanseatic city and the United States. He was temporarily president of the society.
  • In 1948 he became chairman of the Bremen Tourist Office .

Honors

Memberships (selection)

literature

  • Hermann Apelt: speeches and writings. Bremen, 1962 (posthumously).
  • Richard Duckwitz : Apelt, Ernst Otto August Hermann. In: Historical Society Bremen, State Archive Bremen (Hrsg.): Bremische Biographie 1912-1962. Hauschild, Bremen 1969, p. 16 (column 1) to p. 19 (column 1).
  • Peter Gleißner: The Apelts. Path and breadth of an exile family. In: Upper Lusatia and Saxony in Central Europe. Görlitz / Zittau 2003.
  • Herbert Black Forest : The Great Bremen Lexicon . 2nd, updated, revised and expanded edition. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2003, ISBN 3-86108-693-X .

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Herbert Black Forest : History of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen . Volume IV, pp. 26, 59, 76, 80, 95. Edition Temmen , Bremen 1995, ISBN 3-86108-283-7 .
  2. ^ Herbert Black Forest : History of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen . Volume IV, p. 208. Edition Temmen , Bremen 1995, ISBN 3-86108-283-7 .
personal data
SURNAME Apelt, Hermann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politicians (DVP, BDV, FDP), Member of the Bundestag
DATE OF BIRTH July 10, 1876
PLACE OF BIRTH Weimar
DATE OF DEATH November 11, 1960
Place of death Bremen