Hotel Victoria (Stuttgart)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Stuttgart Hotel Victoria , on the right the hotel entrance on Friedrichstrasse, on the left Schellingstrasse

The Hotel Victoria (sometimes also spelled Hotel Viktoria ) was a historic building in the city center of Stuttgart , the capital of the then Kingdom of Württemberg and of the subsequent states and states (today Baden-Württemberg ). The Hotel Victoria was reopened in 1895 in the new building, which was built in the late Classicist - Historicist style in 1895. It was henceforth one of the leading hotels in Stuttgart and, after a change of ownership in the early 1920s, was continued under the name Hospiz Viktoria . The building was destroyed towards the end of the Second World War and demolished after the war.

location

The Hotel Victoria was located near what was then Stuttgart's main and terminus station in the Mitte district. The building was located on a plot of land on the corner of Schellingstrasse and Friedrichstrasse, which ran from Keplerstrasse to Friedrichstrasse. The postal address of the hotel was "Friedrichstrasse 28".

history

The secular building was built according to plans by the “well-known Stuttgart architects” Bihl & Woltz in a 15-month construction period by the construction company Jäger und Decker instead of a property that had belonged to the prelate von Müller. After the completion in 1894, the Hotel Victoria was opened in the building. Shortly afterwards, the house was sold to Karl Reiniger, who ran a restaurant in the nearby main train station and reopened the Hotel Victoria in the newly acquired building on July 1, 1895.

The Hotel Victoria was one of Stuttgart's leading hotels from the start and has also developed into an important conference hotel. It benefited from its convenient location near the railway station , which was rapidly increasing in importance, and generally from the medium-sized industrialization in Württemberg , which began on a large scale at the end of the nineties of the 19th century. In an advertisement in an English-language travel guide from 1896, with which the North German Lloyd gave its ship passengers from overseas as a " souvenir " as well as to get in the mood for their visit to Europe, the Hotel Victoria advertised potential international guests with the following hotel description:

"Stuttgart. Reopened July 1, 1895. Hotel Victoria. Well-known and popular. Next to the Railway Terminus. First class house. 90 rooms. Electric Lighting - Steam Heating - Lift - Large Restaurant on the ground floor - All modern conveniences - Moderate prices. "
German : Stuttgart. Reopened July 1, 1895. Hotel Victoria. Known and popular. Next to the terminus. First class house. 90 hotel rooms. Electric lighting - Steam heating - Elevator - Large restaurant on the ground floor - All modern conveniences - Moderate prices.

In 1901, the Association of German Jewelers, Gold- and Silversmiths named "Victoria" in its hotel recommendations in an invitation to its members for the Association Day in Stuttgart as the third place in the list of hotels in the conference venue "according to their rank". H. after the Hotel Marquardt and the Hotel Royal . As with the aforementioned 1901 Association Day of Jewelers, Gold- and Silversmiths, the Hotel Victoria was the venue for numerous, often supra-regional meetings , conferences, annual meetings , anniversary and other celebrations etc. and / or accompanying receptions, celebratory meals and banquets etc. include for example: the 1896 general meeting of the German Electrochemical Society , the 1904 annual meeting of the Free Association of Systematic Botanists and Plant Geographers, and the 1906 meeting of the German naturalists and doctors, pediatric department .

The Hotel Victoria was the clubhouse of several clubs from Stuttgart and all of Württemberg; For example, the Württemberg Dentists 'Association (around 1899), the Württemberg Anglers' Association (around 1904), the local branch of the Association of former Weihenstephans of the brewing department (from 1908) met there regularly .

Around the beginning of the 1920s, the hotel was taken over by the Horeska company and continued as a Christian hospice under the name Hospiz Viktoria . The Horeska operations included hospices and hotels in Nuremberg, Munich, Ulm, Unkel in the Rhineland and Benneckenstein in the Harz Mountains. A. Bischoff was the director of the Stuttgart house. According to information in an advertisement that the Hospice Viktoria had placed in a bulletin of the Lübeck Chamber of Commerce, it had "150 beds".

When the Nazi Party and the National Socialists came to power in the German Reich in the context of the so-called church struggle , several “secret” meetings of German theologians who were critical of the Nazi regime took place, several of these meetings took place in the Stuttgart hospice Viktoria; August Marahrens , Martin Niemöller and Gerhard Stratenwerth, among others, met there in November 1938 for a confidential discussion. The chairman of the NSDAP, Chancellor and dictator Adolf Hitler , who visited Stuttgart several times, stayed at the Viktoria Hospice in March 1935, whereupon “his followers [gathered] around the hotel” and “the next morning [...] students In droves [came], true to the motto of their teachers: 'The class is now marching to the Victoria Hospice' ".

Towards the end of the Second World War , large parts of Stuttgart were destroyed in the Anglo-American air raids , and the hotel building was badly damaged in 1944. The ruin was later removed.

Today the former hotel property and adjacent properties in Keplerstrasse and Friedrichstrasse have been developed with a larger office and administration building.

description

Floor plan of the building (left ground floor, right 2nd floor)

The 5-storey building, which was provided with a basement and an attic in the manner of a so-called Berlin roof , was designed by the architects in the style of late classicism and historicism, as well as with a rich facade decor. The building consisted of a U-shaped structure, which was arranged along the three adjacent streets and around a small inner courtyard .

The ground floor, designed as a mezzanine floor, had a spacious catering area with several restaurant rooms, a café and a large dining, banquet and ballroom . The windows on the ground floor were each floor-to-ceiling and finished with a round arch. On the first floor there was another meeting room ("Upper Hall").

The hotel rooms were on the upper floors. The restaurant and banquet kitchen as well as the utility and technical rooms were arranged in the basement; the lower ground floor was exposed to light through windows with light shafts in front, which were secured by bars. The entrance to the hotel, the entrance with the vestibule behind it and the main staircase, was on Friedrichstrasse. A corner entrance at the corner of Friedrichstrasse and Schellingstrasse led directly into the restaurant and café.

The hotel had a passenger elevator and another elevator for catering and domestic services. In the corner of the building on Schelling- / Keplerstraße there was a second staircase, which was located on the inner courtyard. The U-shaped design of the building made it possible to arrange windows on the rear of the building for lighting and ventilation of mostly sanitary and other ancillary rooms; at the same time such a small farmyard was created. The supply and disposal of the catering, housekeeping and building services of the hotel were carried out via this service yard, which was connected to Keplerstrasse by a building passage.

reception

In October 1895 a meeting of the Wuerttemberg Association for Building Customers took place in the Hotel Victoria, “to ask for the one from Reg.-Bmstr. Woltz's hip lecture about this hotel to be able to take a tour of the same ”, as the trade journal Deutsche Bauzeitung published by the Association of German Architects and Engineers reported later.

The new hotel building was included in the Modern New Buildings portfolio , which was published by the architect Wilhelm Kick from 1894 to 1898 and which was published by his Stuttgart architecture publisher Kick . In 1895, in the second year of publication of the portfolio, the Hotel Victoria was presented as panel 26 with a large-format photograph and 2 floor plans ( see illustrations).

The inventory and online database of the Architekturmuseum der Technische Universität Berlin include exhibits on four different buildings by Bihl & Woltz, including the Hotel Victoria, which is presented there with the aforementioned board from Kick's portfolio.

Around 1905, the Hotel Victoria had the 56-page illustrated book Souvenir Hotel Victoria from the Berlin publisher Max Michaelis & Co. , which made photo postcards for various hotels in Germany and Switzerland in the 1900s and published so-called "souvenir books" , Stuttgart. Making souvenirs of the Hotel Victoria that were offered to interested hotel guests. The book contained a description of the hotel and the sights of Stuttgart written by A. Lochschmidt, numerous illustrations and an attached folding map of Stuttgart.

In the literature , the Hotel Victoria was among others a by the Austrian storyteller and playwright Arthur Schnitzler , who took there in 1910 quarter and this in his diary held that under the leadership of the Vienna Germanists Werner Welzig edited and 1981-2000 in the Austrian Academy of the sciences were published in a ten-volume edition . The German author and wife of the playwright Carl Sternheim , Thea Sternheim , also noted the couple's stay at the “Viktoria” in October 1912 in their diary entries, which were published in 1995 by the literary historian Bernhard Zeller for the Academy of Sciences and Literature and by Mainz Verlag Hase and Koehler were published.

literature

  • Wilhelm Kick (Ed.): Modern new buildings . Continuously published illustrated sheets for architecture. 2nd year. Architektur-Verlag Kick, Stuttgart 1895, plate 26: Hotel Viktoria in Stuttgart .
  • A. Lochschmidt: Souvenir Hotel Victoria, Stuttgart. Souvenir from the Victoria Hotel. Stuttgart. Max Michaelis & Co., Berlin (around 1905; illustrated).
  • Hotel "Victoria" in Stuttgart. (PDF) In: Süddeutsche Bauzeitung 6.1896, page 179 with photo, page 180 with view and 3 floor plans, without text.

Web links

Commons : Hotel Victoria  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b communications from associations . ( Memento of the original from March 31, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Deutsche Bauzeitung. Announcement sheet of the Association of German Architects and Engineers Associations . 29th year, 1895, issue 84, pp. 522-523; ( PDF file, 128.48 MB, accessed May 16, 2011). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www-docs.tu-cottbus.de
  2. ↑ a b c Norddeutscher Lloyd : Guide through Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Switzerland, France, Belgium, Holland and England. Souvenir of the North German Lloyd, Bremen. J. Reichmann & Cantor, 1896, p. 163 (English).
  3. ^ A b c Volker Dirk Hiller: The Victoria Hospice . ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) In: Geschichtswerkstatt From time to time from the Stuttgarter Zeitung and Stuttgart City Archive from May 23, 2009; Retrieved on May 14, 2011 (Note: The changed name was actually Hospiz Viktoria ).
  4. ^ Journal of the goldsmith's art. Illustrated trade journal for jewelers, gold and silversmiths and the jewelry industry. Central body for the interests of German jewelers, gold and silversmiths. Volume 22. Schlag, Leipzig 1901, p. 164.
  5. ^ Journal of Electrochemistry. Organ of the German Electrochemical Society. Volume 3, 1897, pp. 23-25.
  6. ^ Free Association of Systematic Botanists and Plant Geographers: Report on the second meeting of the Free Association of Systematic Botanists and Plant Geographers. Volume 2. Engelmann, Leipzig 1904, pp. 1, 55.
  7. ↑ Yearbook for Pediatrics and Physical Education. S. Karger Verlag, Berlin 1906, p. 517.
  8. ↑ Homeopathic monthly sheets. Popular magazine for homeopathy and life care. Volume 24, 1899, ISSN  0018-4497 , p. 107
  9. ↑ General fishing newspaper. Organ of the German Fisheries Association. Volume 29, 1904, p. 194 ( online at the Biodiversity Heritage Library project ).
  10. ↑ Journal for the entire brewing industry. Issue 31, 1908, Scientific Station for Brewery in Munich / Royal Academy for Agriculture and Brewery in Weihenstephan , ISSN  0372-8706 , p. 220.
  11. ↑ Information based on a historical picture postcard of the Viktoria Hospice from around 1921.
  12. ↑ The north. Volume 15. Wilhelm Limpert-Verlag, Berlin 1938, p. 70 (volumes 1–7 of Mitteilungen, Lübeck Chamber of Commerce).
  13. ↑ Hannelore Braun, Carsten Nicolaisen (arr.): Responsibility for the Church. Volume 1. Summer 1933 to summer 1935. Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, Göttingen 1985, ISBN 3-525-55751-5 , p. 128 ( Works on contemporary church history. Sources. Stenographic notes and transcripts by Hans Meiser , 1933-1955 ; online at Google Books ).
  14. ↑ The "Führer" in Stuttgart. 1933-1945 . ( Memento of the original from December 6, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Geschichtswerkstatt From time to time by the Stuttgarter Zeitung and Stuttgart City Archives ; Retrieved May 14, 2011.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.von-zeit-zu-zeit.de
  15. ^ Journal for electrical engineering and electrochemistry. Issue 2, 1897, p. 612.
  16. ↑ The portfolio presented 100 completed new buildings, originally limited to new buildings from southern and central Germany, coming from all over Germany from the second year onwards. According to the information on the book titles, it was Kick's aim to present a “selection of the best architecture by the most important architects”. [Quoted from: Rolf Fuhlrott: Deutschsprachige Architektur-Zeitschriften. Origin and development of the architecture journals in the period from 1789–1918. With list of titles and records of holdings. Verlag Documentation, Munich 1975, ISBN 3-7940-3653-0 , p. 136 (also dissertation , University of Karlsruhe 1974).]
  17. ^ Wilhelm Kick (ed.): Modern new buildings. Continuously published illustrated sheets for architecture. 2nd year. Architektur-Verlag Kick, Stuttgart 1895, plate 26: Hotel Viktoria in Stuttgart .
  18. ^ Bihl & Woltz: Projects in the holdings of the Architecture Museum of the Technical University of Berlin ; Retrieved May 19, 2011.
  19. ↑ A. Lochschmidt: Souvenir Hotel Victoria, Stuttgart. Souvenir from the Victoria Hotel. Stuttgart. Max Michaelis & Co., Berlin (around 1905; illustrated).
  20. ↑ Arthur Schnitzler : 4th diary. 1909-1912. Ed .: Commission for literary forms of use of the Austrian Academy of Sciences ; Editing: Peter Michael Braunwarth (edit.), Werner Welzig (lead.); Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1995, ISBN 3-7001-0415-4 , p. 73.
  21. ^ Thea Sternheim : Diaries 1905–1927. The years with Carl Sternheim. Ed .: Academy of Sciences and Literature , Bernhard Zeller ; Editing: Heidemarie Gruppe; Hase and Koehler, Mainz 1995, ISBN 3-7758-1346-2 , p. 101 ( Mainzer series , vol. 73).

Coordinates: 48 ° 46 '52.3 "  N , 9 ° 10' 36.7"  E