Engineering school
The engineering school (abbreviations: Ing.-Sch./IS ), also called Höhere Technische Lehranstalt (HTL), mechanical engineering school , technical middle school , engineering academy or technical academy , had the status of a higher technical school .
As the world's first engineering school was in France , the École nationale des ponts et chaussées ( "National School of Bridges and Roads") was established on February 14 1747th
Germany (Federal Republic and GDR)
The engineering schools existed in the Federal Republic of Germany until the early 1970s . In the GDR they continued to exist as engineering colleges until German reunification and then in a short transition phase.
Entry requirements were a certificate of middle school leaving certificate (in the GDR 10th grade polytechnic high school ) and a relevant completed vocational training.
The offer encompassed courses of study in the classical engineering sciences , which were initially given the state designation engineer after four or five semesters of schooling . Since January 17, 1964, following a resolution by the ministries of education and an increase to a six-semester training course as an engineer, graduates have been awarded the state qualification as an engineer. or Ing. (grad.) . In the GDR, the title of engineer was awarded after six semesters .
Well-known engineering schools were for example:
- Engineering School Bingen am Rhein (today University of Applied Sciences Bingen )
- Technical center of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen , founded in 1894
- Eisleben Engineering School (formerly Eisleben Mountain School ; Germany's oldest engineering school)
- Engineering School for Construction Gotha (founded in 1805 by the Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg)
- Engineering school for automation and materials technology Hennigsdorf
- Engineering school for power and work machine construction "Rudolf Diesel" Meißen (1953–1993)
- Engineering school for rolling mill and metallurgical engineering Riesa
- Engineering school for mechanical engineering Bautzen
- Engineering School for Mechanical Engineering Schmalkalden (today Schmalkalden University of Applied Sciences )
- Engineering school for aircraft construction Dresden
- Engineering school for electronics and data processing Görlitz
- Engineering School for Civil Engineering Erfurt (today FH Erfurt )
- Engineering school for chemical technology “Frédéric Joliot-Curie” Köthen- Bernburg
- State Engineering School Konstanz 1906 to 1971 (today University of Konstanz ( HTWG ), University of Applied Sciences)
- Engineering School for Mining and Energy (today Lausitz University of Applied Sciences )
- Engineering school for mechanical engineering and electrical engineering Magdeburg
- State Engineering School for Construction and Surveying Mainz (today Mainz University of Applied Sciences )
- State engineering school Lemgo, today University of Applied Sciences Ostwestfalen-Lippe
- Engineering school Mittweida
- Engineering School for Transport Operations Technology (IngST) Gotha
- Oskar-von-Miller-Polytechnikum (today Munich University of Applied Sciences )
- State Engineering School Gießen 1838 to 1970, (today Technical University of Central Hesse )
- Ohm-Polytechnikum Nürnberg - State Academy for Applied Technology (today Georg-Simon-Ohm-Fachhochschule Nürnberg )
- State engineering school Furtwangen 1850 to 1971 (today HFU Hochschule Furtwangen University)
- State Engineering School for Mechanical Engineering Dortmund 1890–1971 (today Dortmund University of Applied Sciences )
- State Engineering School for Mechanical Engineering Jülich 1964–1971 (today Aachen University of Applied Sciences )
- State Engineering School Koblenz 1949 - 1971
- State School of Engineering for Construction Holzminden (founded at the end of 1830 and thus the oldest building trade school in Germany, today HAWK University of Applied Sciences Hildesheim / Holzminden / Göttingen )
- Technikum Strelitz (from 1948 engineering school for civil engineering Neustrelitz)
- Engineering school for aeronautical engineering IfL
- Engineering school for traffic engineering in Dresden
- Engineering School for Agricultural Engineering Nordhausen (today University of Applied Sciences Nordhausen )
- Royal Engineering Academy (Potsdam)
- Balthasar Neumann Polytechnic in Schweinfurt (1850, today Schweinfurt University of Applied Sciences )
At the beginning of the 1970s, the engineering schools in the Federal Republic of Germany were dissolved and the infrastructure was used to establish a new type of university, the technical college .
This step became necessary because the industry demanded a universally applicable, academically, i.e. at university level, trained engineer who, however, was more application-oriented than the Dipl.-Ing. of technical universities should be geared to the needs of industry.
After the introduction of universities of applied sciences with their academic qualifications and the switch to the academic diploma degree, the question of a possible postgraduate diploma for engineering school graduates was discussed very controversially. Finally, the professional experience perspective prevailed. Normatively specified that graduates of previous facilities of the colleges, if they graduated or were nachgraduiert, without further qualification at a technical college the title Dipl.-Ing. or Dipl.-Ing. (FH) as a state name. The management authorization was regulated differently by law in the individual federal German states. In North Rhine-Westphalia , a certificate (subject to a fee) was issued upon request as proof of authorization to drive. Engineers who had completed their training at an institution in the former GDR submitted their application to the responsible ministry of education. The only prerequisite for this was proof of a relevant three-year (east) or five-year (west) professional activity as an engineer or graduate engineer. The opportunity to obtain a postgraduate degree was available until the end of 2008.
Austria
The Technical University of Vienna was founded in 1815 as the Imperial and Royal Polytechnic Institute , the Technical University of Graz in 1811 as the Joanneum Foundation with subsequent teaching activities, the Montan University Leoben in 1840 as the Styrian-Ständische Montanlehranstalt , and the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna in 1872 as a university. Otherwise, today's higher technical educational institutions (HTL) , insofar as they also offered post-secondary education ( master courses , foreman schools ), were always referred to as an institution or (state) trade school .
The term engineering school was only used sporadically for the courses comparable to the foreman schools and the "university departments" called at technical schools (which had been called the faculty since the 1820s ):
- in the 1840s as an engineering school for civil engineering at what was then k. k. Polytechnic Institute Vienna until the 1970s
- In the post-war years 1919 as an electrical and mechanical engineering technical center with an evening engineering school at the Vienna Arsenal (1953 then merged with the Vienna University of Technology or the Chamber for Workers and Salaried Employees )
- after the annexation of Austria , the HTLs (schools) were called that for a few years
Switzerland
The higher technical colleges (engineering schools) HTL, French Ecole technique supérieure (École d'ingénieurs) ETS, Italian Scuola tecnica superiore (Scuola d'ingegneria) STS , were with the enacted on 6 October 1995 University Education Act of the Federation in colleges ( FH, Haute école spécialisée HES, Scuola universitaria professionale SUP) converted (see there also for titles under old law).
Bern University of Applied Sciences BFH |
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University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland FHNW | |
University of Applied Sciences Eastern Switzerland FHO |
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Central Switzerland University of Applied Sciences, today Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts HSLU | |
Haute Ecole Spécialisée de Suisse Occidentale HES-SO |
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Scuola universitaria professionale della Svizzera italiana SUPSI | |
Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZFH |
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Liechtenstein
The Liechtenstein School of Engineering (LIS) Vaduz, which emerged in 1988 from the Vaduz evening technical center , became a university of applied sciences in 1992, in 1997 as the Liechtenstein University of Applied Sciences Foundation under public law and in 2005 in the Liechtenstein University of Applied Sciences .
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from October 22, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://www.archive.nrw.de/LAV_NRW/editionPDF?archivNr=185&id=1&naviId=5271 .
- ↑ a b The historical development of foreman training in Austria . In: Knowledge is Manz , MANZ Verlag Schulbuch GmbH.
- ↑ Assignment of the previous schools of the technical colleges / Classement des écoles qui ont été converties en haute école spécialisée (HES) . sbfi.admin.ch