Invalidenstrasse (Berlin)
| Invalidenstrasse | |
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| View through Invalidenstrasse from the Natural History Museum towards Chausseestrasse (as it was in 2008 without tram tracks) |
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| Basic data | |
| place | Berlin |
| District | Mitte , Moabit |
| Created | Mid 18th century |
| Hist. Names | Spandauer Heerweg |
| Connecting roads |
Veteranenstrasse , Alt-Moabit / Werftstrasse |
| Cross streets |
(Selection) Brunnenstrasse , Ackerstrasse , Gartenstrasse , Chausseestrasse , Luisenstrasse , Heidestrasse |
| Places |
Poplar Square , square in front of the New Gate , Europaplatz |
| Buildings |
Elisabethkirche , Ackerhalle , Hotel Baltic , Museum für Gegenwart in the former Hamburger Bahnhof . |
| use | |
| User groups | Road traffic |
| Technical specifications | |
| Street length | 3000 meters |
The Invalidenstrasse is an approximately three-kilometer historically grown thoroughfare in Berlin . There are numerous listed buildings on it, z. B. the Hamburger Bahnhof . The main train station has been on Invalidenstrasse since 2006 . At the height of Hessische Strasse , Invalidenstrasse is crossed by the Panke .
Location and course
It runs in an east-west direction through the districts of Mitte and Moabit . Parcel numbers 1–49 and 80–163 are in the middle section. The intermediate numbers (50–56 [end point, turning point] and 57–79) belong to Moabit. The house numbers run in horseshoe form from the east from Brunnenstrasse to west to Alt-Moabit and back. The section in the district of Mitte belongs to the historic district of Oranienburger Vorstadt .
Important cross streets are Chausseestrasse , Scharnhorststrasse and Alt-Moabit . Between Scharnhorststrasse and Heidestrasse, Invalidenstrasse crosses the Berlin-Spandauer Schifffahrtskanal on the Sandkrugbrücke , on the eastern bank of which the Berlin Wall Trail runs in front of the building of the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy . Further to the east, the road touches the Invalidenpark , the Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure , the Museum of Natural History and the agricultural and horticultural faculty of the Humboldt University . The Charité campus begins south of Invalidenstrasse with numerous institutes and facilities.
history
The road was laid out in the 13th century as the Spandauer Heerweg . The current name of the street goes back to the Invalidenhaus that Frederick II had built in 1748 to take care of disabled people from the First and Second Silesian Wars . ( Part of the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy has been located in this building since German reunification .)
The currently valid street name appeared on Berlin city maps around 1800, in the address books the Invalidenhaus still had the address Vor dem Oranienburger Thore until 1828 . The name Invalidenstraße was first found in 1830 with these details: "Invalidenhaus, in front of the Oranienburger Th., In Invalidenstraße".
In 1848, at the western end of Invalidenstrasse, the castle-style Uhlan barracks, designed according to plans by Friedrich August Stülers, were opened . A year later, at the confluence with Lehrter Strasse, construction work on the cell prison designed as the “Prussian model prison Moabit” was completed. Both buildings were demolished in the 1950s.
The southwest section of Invalidenstrasse delimited the Universum State Exhibition Park . This was largely destroyed, only the astronomical theater of the people's observatory of Urania , which was integrated into the complex , was preserved and was integrated as a lecture hall into today's police station. The morgue for West Berlin was also operated there for several decades. The corpse of Nazi leader and major war criminal Martin Bormann was found in 1972, 27 years after his suicide, during construction work on the site.
From 1945 the section to the west of the Sandkrugbrücke was in the British, the eastern section in the Soviet sector of Berlin. After the Wall was built , the GDR set up one of the few border crossings between East and West Berlin between Sandkrugbrücke and Scharnhorststraße . After the fall of the wall , Invalidenpark , which was overgrown in the post-war period, was rebuilt with a fountain. The fountain was designed by Christophe Girot after a public competition and bears the name Girot Water System , also called the Invaliden or Wall Fountain and is also referred to by city guides as the Sunken Wall .
Historical development
In Invalidenstraße there are numerous public facilities and monuments, including the Elisabeth Church (No. 3) built according to plans by Karl Friedrich Schinkel in 1834 , the Ackerhalle planned by Hermann Blankenstein in 1888 (No. 158) and the one designed by Hans Bernoulli and inaugurated in 1910 Hotel Baltic (No. 120/121).
In the middle to the end of the 19th century, other important buildings for Berlin were built on Invalidenstrasse: The Berlin Agricultural University , which later became the Agricultural Faculty of the Berlin University , with the buildings of the Institute for Fermentation Industry and the Experimental and Training Institute for Brewery ; the natural history museum (number 43), next to it in a wing the geological collection of the university. The latter moved out in the 1990s and became the headquarters of the Federal Ministry of Transport (number 44) , along with an attached new building . At the corner of Scharnhorststrasse there was the Invalidenpark , under the parcel numbers 47-50 followed the eponymous Invalidenhaus , today used by the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy . On land in front of the Berlin-Spandau shipping canal there was a wash house for the Charité (number 50) and the Charité maternity hospital (number 51).
The Hamburg freight yard was built across the canal and was shut down around 1884. The Museum für Gegenwart has been set up in the former station building since the 1990s .
traffic
Tram routes ran through some sections of Invalidenstrasse at an early stage , such as the old line 44 in West Berlin and lines 1, 11, 46 and 70 in the eastern part between Veteranenstrasse and Chausseestrasse . With the construction of the wall and the creation of the checkpoint at the level of Scharnhorststrasse , the rail sections laid in the middle of the street were preserved and could still be seen until autumn 2013.
After the reunification of Berlin in 1990, Invalidenstrasse became one of the most important east-west connections in the city. Long planned and delayed by residents' protests, from June 2011 the tram was extended from the Nordbahnhof through Invalidenstrasse to the main station. At the same time, this section was expanded to four lanes for car traffic and provided with lanes for bicycle traffic. The street will become part of the northern inner city ring , which would then be continuously passable.
The long-term plan is to build a new underground line ( U11 ) under Invalidenstrasse from the main train station to the east.
One of 17 permanently installed automatic wheel counting stations in Berlin has been located in Invalidenstrasse west of the Sandkrug Bridge since 2015 . The street is the ninth most frequented place of cycling among all the places in the city with a counting point.
literature
- Jürgen Karwelat: Two ministries in historical surroundings . Ed .: Berliner Geschichtswerkstatt e. V. in cooperation with the public services, transport and traffic union, Berlin district. Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-925702-18-0 (54 pages).
- Markus Sebastian Braun (Ed.): Berlin - The Architecture Guide . Econ Ullstein List, Munich 2001, ISBN 3-88679-355-9 .
- Fiction : In Theodor Fontane's novel Stine , two important protagonists , Pauline Pittelkow and her sister Ernestine (Stine) Rehbein, live in this street.
Web links
-
Invalidenstrasse. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near Kaupert )
- Spandauer Heerweg . In: Luise.
- Strategies “Northern City Edge” Senate Department for Urban Development
- Information and up-to-date images on the construction of the tram can be found at bastellen-doku.info
Individual evidence
- ↑ Invalidenhaus in Invalidenstrasse . In: General housing indicator for Berlin, Charlottenburg and surroundings , 1830.
- ↑ Invalidenstrasse. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near Kaupert )
- ↑ Ulanenkaserne (Invalidenstraße / Seydlitzstraße) on the website “GeDenkMal Berlin” of the Bürgerverein Bürger für den Stephankiez e. V. (brush)
- ↑ Former border crossing in Invalidenstrasse ( memento of the original from September 23, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Search result in the monument database of the state of Berlin ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Invalidenstrasse . In: Allgemeiner Wohnungs-Anzeiger together with address and business manual for Berlin , 1866, II, p. 80.
- ^ Berlin city map from 1960 with the tram lines running through Invalidenstrasse. Retrieved October 9, 2019 .
- ↑ Start of construction: Berlin gets a new S-Bahn line . In: BZ , June 4, 2011; Retrieved August 24, 2011
- ↑ New Invalidenstrasse - there are plans and complaints . In: Berliner Zeitung , May 12, 2009
- ↑ Transport connection Nordbahnhof - Hauptbahnhof • The project at the Senate Department for Urban Development.
- ↑ Traffic survey bike counter for Berlin: How many cyclists are there? Retrieved February 5, 2019 .
Coordinates: 52 ° 31 '43 " N , 13 ° 22' 35" E