Johann Georg (Brandenburg-Jägerndorf)

Margrave Johann Georg von Brandenburg, Duke of Jägerndorf

Margrave Johann Georg von Brandenburg (* December 16, 1577 in Wolmirstedt ; † March 2, 1624 in Leutschau ) was administrator of the diocese of Strasbourg from 1592 to 1604 , from 1606 Duke of Jägerndorf and from 1616 Lord Master of the Brandenburg Ballistic of the Order of St. John. Johann Georg came from the German princely house of Hohenzollern .

Life

origin

Johann Georg was the second son from the first marriage of Elector Joachim Friedrich von Brandenburg (1546–1608) with Katharina von Küstrin .

Career

Bishop of Strasbourg

After the expulsion of the Cologne prince-bishop and elector Gebhard Truchseß von Waldburg , who had married the Countess Agnes von Mansfeld , he retired to the Strasbourg monastery and died there as cathedral dean. Other Protestant cathedral capitulars from Cologne , who had also fled with the elector, had gone with him to Strasbourg, where, as canons, they also had benefices . With the support of the city's citizens, they gained the upper hand in the cathedral chapter. The Catholic canons withdrew with Bishop Johann IV from Manderscheid-Blankenheim to Zabern and declared themselves to be the only legitimate chapter.

The Protestant cathedral chapter had strengthened itself through the admission of further Protestant members of high rank. After the death of Bishop Johann in 1592, they elected the 15-year-old Margrave Johann Georg von Brandenburg as the new Protestant bishop or administrator. The Catholic canons, on the other hand, appointed the Bishop of Metz, Karl von Lothringen, bishop, who immediately took up arms in the Strasbourg chapter dispute in order to get the entire monastery into his possession.

The Protestant chapter was supported by the city of Strasbourg and controlled the areas on the right bank of the Rhine. There the monks of the monasteries of Allerheiligen and Ettenheimmünster were expelled and pledged to Duke Friedrich I of Württemberg to finance the episcopal war , Duke Friedrich also concluded financing agreements with the other side in order to gain the pledges of the areas in the Renchtal . Emperor Rudolf II tried in vain to resolve the dispute.

Finally, after many negotiations and long struggles, the Hagenau Treaty was signed on November 22nd, 1604. As a result, Johann Georg renounced his episcopal dignity in Strasbourg in exchange for a payment of 130,000 gold guilders and a lifelong annuity of 9,000 guilders annually, which Duke Friedrich I had to pay. This was transferred to the Oberkirch office as a pledge . Cardinal Charles of Lorraine was confirmed as Bishop of Strasbourg. At the same time Leopold of Austria was employed as coadjutor .

Duke of Jägerndorf

In 1606 Johann Georg received the Duchy of Jägerndorf in Silesia from his father, Elector Joachim Friedrich . The Silesian ownership structure of the Hohenzollern, in which the Duchy of Jägerndorf had a central position, had been a point of contention for a long time, as they viewed the Habsburg emperors as having fallen back . In addition to Jägerndorf, the Silesian pawnbrokers Beuthen and Oderberg were also in dispute.

After it was one of the merits of the Hohenzollern, primarily under Georg the Pious , to have cultivated Protestantism in Silesia and defended it with conviction, the new faith had solidified in the time of Johann Georg, and he himself turned to the Reformed Church . Since he also had preaching in the same way in the parish and castle church of Jägerndorf, this led to an uproar in the city and in a similar form in the neighboring city of Leobschütz .

Johann Georg's policy was shaped by the threat that the imperial family posed to his legal titles. He therefore also sought alliances with the emperor's enemies and worked towards a connection between the Austrian estates and the Protestant Union . With the uprising in Bohemia, Ferdinand II grew into an opponent in the Elector Friedrich V of the Palatinate , whom Johann Georg supported as commander in chief of the troops. However, his fate was sealed by the defeat in the Battle of White Mountain . Like other leaders, he was given imperial ban. His estates were confiscated and Ferdinand II enfeoffed Prince Karl von Liechtenstein , who was loyal to the emperor , in order to compensate him for losses suffered. The following interventions by the House of Hohenzollern to assert claims against the emperor and to remind them of the fiefdoms in Jägerndorf remained a formal protest. The Duchy of Jägerndorf was permanently transferred to the House of Liechtenstein.

Governor of the Mark Brandenburg

In October 1612, his brother, Elector Johann Sigismund von Brandenburg , asked him to succeed Adam Gans Edler zu Putlitz as his governor in the Mark Brandenburg . He met on January 22nd ^./ February 1, 1613 ^greg.in Berlin, where the Secret Council was initially reorganized as the highest government body. In the following months he spent in the introduction of Calvinism at the Berlin court by his brothers Markgraf Ernst and Elector John Sigismund of Brandenburg indeed back, but led in 1615 the removal of the images and altars in the Berliner Dom , making it the Berliner turmoil triggered in which he himself was in danger. In 1616 he was elected Lord Master of the Brandenburg Ballei of the Order of St. John. Disappointed by the elector's yielding and wavering policy, he returned to Jägerndorf in 1617 and entered the service of Frederick V of the Palatinate, who was elected King of Bohemia.

family

On June 3, 1610, he married Eva Christine von Württemberg (May 6, 1590 - March 18, 1657) in Jägerndorf , the daughter of Duke Friedrich I of Württemberg (1557-1608) and Sibylla von Anhalt (1564-1614) . Friedrich Karl von Moser describes the celebrations in "Kleine Schriften".

They had the following children:

Katharine Sibylle (1611-1612)
Georg (1613-1614)
Albrecht (1614-1620)
Katharina Sibylle (* / † 1615)
Ernst of Brandenburg (1617–1642)

literature

Gottlieb Biermann : History of the Duchies of Troppau and Jägerndorf . Teschen 1874, pp. 343-363.

Franz Josef Burghardt: Between Fundamentalism and Tolerance. Calvinist influences on Elector Johann Sigismund von Brandenburg before his conversion (= historical research. Volume 96). Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3428137978 .

Theodor Hirsch : Johann Georg, Margrave of Brandenburg . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 14, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1881, p. 175 f.

Joachim Köhler , Rainer Bendel (ed.): History of Christian life in the Silesian area (= religious and cultural history in East Central and Southeastern Europe. Volume 1). LIT Verlag, Berlin / Hamburg / Münster 2002, ISBN 3-8258-5007-2 .

Viermann: Jägerndorf under the government of Hohenzollern. In: Journal of the Association for History and Antiquity of Silesia. Volume 11, 1871, pp. 38-98 (digitized version ) .

Adolf Wilhelm Ernst von Winterfeld : History of the knightly order of St. Johannis from the hospital in Jerusalem: with special consideration of the Brandenburg ballot or the masterclass of Sonnenburg. Berendt, Berlin 1859 pp. 730-732

Web links

Genealogy page

Individual evidence

↑ On the Strasbourg chapter dispute 1588/89 see now: FJ Burghardt: Between Tolerance and Fundamentalism , chap. 1 (pp. 17–22): Johann Sigismund and Johann Georg von Brandenburg in Strasbourg 1588/89.
↑ E. Gförer: Strasbourg Chapter dispute and Episcopal Glass War the Alsatian pamphlets literature. 1569–1618 (= Strasbourg contributions to Alsatian history. Volume 1, Issue 2). Herder, Strasbourg 1906, p. 95.
^ FJ Burghardt: Between Tolerance and Fundamentalism , chap. 10 (pp. 77–81): “Margrave Johann Georg and the reorganization of the secret council in 1613”.
↑ For Eva Christine and the marriage of the two see Gerhard Raff : Hie gut Wirtemberg alleweg. Volume 2: The House of Württemberg from Duke Friedrich I to Duke Eberhard III. With the Stuttgart, Mömpelgard, Weiltingen, Neuenstadt am Kocher, Neuenbürg and Oels lines in Silesia. 4th edition. Landhege, Schwaigern 2014, ISBN 978-3-943066-12-8 , pp. 243-263.
^ Friedrich Karl von Moser: Small writings, to explain the state and Völcker law, as well as the court and Canzley ceremonies. (= Small writings. Volume 11) Andreä, Frankfurt am Main 1764. ( digitized version )

predecessor	Office	successor
Joachim Friedrich of Brandenburg	Duke of Jägerndorf 1606–1622	Charles I of Liechtenstein
Georg Albrecht Margrave of Brandenburg	Master of the Balley Brandenburg of the Order of St. John 1616–1624	Joachim Sigismund Margrave of Brandenburg

personal data
SURNAME	Johann Georg
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Johann Georg of Brandenburg; Johann Georg von Brandenburg-Jägerndorf
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	General and administrator in the diocese of Strasbourg, Duke von Jägerndorf
DATE OF BIRTH	December 16, 1577
PLACE OF BIRTH	Wolmirsted
DATE OF DEATH	March 2, 1624
Place of death	Leutschau

[1] On the Strasbourg chapter dispute 1588/89 see now: FJ Burghardt: Between Tolerance and Fundamentalism , chap. 1 (pp. 17–22): Johann Sigismund and Johann Georg von Brandenburg in Strasbourg 1588/89.

[2] E. Gförer: Strasbourg Chapter dispute and Episcopal Glass War the Alsatian pamphlets literature. 1569–1618 (= Strasbourg contributions to Alsatian history. Volume 1, Issue 2). Herder, Strasbourg 1906, p. 95.

[3] FJ Burghardt: Between Tolerance and Fundamentalism , chap. 10 (pp. 77–81): “Margrave Johann Georg and the reorganization of the secret council in 1613”.

[4] For Eva Christine and the marriage of the two see Gerhard Raff : Hie gut Wirtemberg alleweg. Volume 2: The House of Württemberg from Duke Friedrich I to Duke Eberhard III. With the Stuttgart, Mömpelgard, Weiltingen, Neuenstadt am Kocher, Neuenbürg and Oels lines in Silesia. 4th edition. Landhege, Schwaigern 2014, ISBN 978-3-943066-12-8 , pp. 243-263.

[5] Friedrich Karl von Moser: Small writings, to explain the state and Völcker law, as well as the court and Canzley ceremonies. (= Small writings. Volume 11) Andreä, Frankfurt am Main 1764. ( digitized version )