Johann Jacob fencer

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Portrait painting very likely showing Johann Jacob Fechter; created by Sigmund Barth (1723–1772), 1767
Caricature «Hauptmann und Ingenieur Fechter» from «Imagines basilienses» by Franz Feyerabend (1755–1800), created at the end of the 18th century.

Johann Jacob Fechter (born June 13, 1717 in Basel ; † February 7, 1797 ibid) was a Swiss civil engineer , master builder and geometer of the Baroque and Rococo periods , active in Basel, Freiburg im Breisgau and the surrounding area. Along with Samuel Werenfels (1720–1800) and Ulrich Büchel (1753–1792), he is considered one of the most important architects in the city of Basel in the 18th century.

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The House of the Knight, later the Archbishop's Palace on Freiburg Cathedral Square
The “Rollerhof” (right) on Basel's Münsterplatz as part of today's “ Museum of Cultures ”
The "Wildt'sche Haus" on Petersplatz in Basel.
The former “Schule auf Burg” (now grammar school) on Basel's Münsterplatz, seen from the tower of the minster.
Johann Jacob Fechter: “Grund – Ris over the Wannen Flue, in addition to the controversial area” with “Nota: This plan is not applied according to the Schrege of the hills, as it was measured, Sondren after the basin of the same”. Made in 1755.

Fechter created numerous buildings for public and private clients in and around Basel, including:

  • 1745–1751 the “Sandgrube” estate on the outskirts of Basel for the silk ribbon manufacturer Achilles Leissler
  • 1745 design of a castle (modernization and expansion of an existing pond) for baron Ferdinand Sebastian von Sickingen-Hohenberg (1715–1772) in Ebnet near Freiburg im Breisgau; Simon Schratt was in charge of the construction work from 1748–1750 ; the furnishings were designed by Johann Christian Wentzinger
  • 1751–1771 Head of restoration work on Basel Minster
  • 1755 the rectory in Grentzingen in Alsace
  • 1756 Construction of a new society house for the knighthood of Upper Austria in Freiburg im Breisgau on Münsterplatz, on behalf of their president Ferdinand Sebastian von Sickingen-Hohenburg, on the site of a previous medieval building. It was sold by the knights to the Breisgau Land estates in 1766 and served as the Archbishop's Palace (bishop's seat) from 1832. After a fire in 1944 and reconstruction in 1953, it is now the "Haus zum Ritter" and houses the cathedral singing school.
  • 1757-1758 redesigning the Basel city palace "Gyrengarten" at the Hebelstrasse 7 after the silk ribbon manufacturer Jeremias Wildt had inherited
  • 1758–1770 Conversion of the Basel “Rollerhof” at Münsterplatz 20 into a residential and business palace for the silk ribbon manufacturer Martin Bachofen-Heitz . In 1764, during the course of this conversion, Fechter changed the living rooms of the “zum Mägerlin” property adjacent to the “Rollerhof” into a ballroom . Today the upper floors of the “Rollerhof” are part of the neighboring “ Museum of Cultures ”.
  • the Basel city palace “Andlauerhof” at Münsterplatz 17
  • 1762–1763 / 4 the Wildt'sche Haus at Basel's Petersplatz 13 in the Neue Vorstadt , built on behalf of the silk ribbon manufacturer, orphan and accountant Jeremias Wildt (1705–1790), who built his residential and commercial building in front of the property (in Hebelstrasse) would have. Today the city palace is the seat of the Swiss Academy of Medical Sciences .
  • 1763–1766 the rectory of Bretzwil in the canton of Basel-Landschaft
  • 1767–1772 restoration of the rectory of Bubendorf in the canton of Basel-Landschaft
  • 1768–1770 Contribution to the Baroque renovation of the facade of the house of the Basel gentlemen's guild of cloth merchants "EE Zunft zum Schlüssel", Freie Strasse 25
  • 1775 the city palace “Wildensteinerhof” in the St. Alban suburb of Basel for the silk ribbon manufacturer Jakob Christoph Frey
  • In 1775 a plan for the later House to the Kirschgarten , which was never implemented (this palace was built in 1777 according to plans by the architect Ulrich Büchel ).
  • Baroque additions to the “Schule auf Burg” (now grammar school on Münsterplatz ), Basel
  • Baroque renovation and modernization of Munzingen Castle for Johann Friedrich Reichsgraf von Kageneck (1707–1783), second half of the 18th century (attribution by Huggel)

Many church buildings in the region, also in the neighboring Markgräflerland to the north and on the Upper Rhine (e.g. in Lörrach , Stetten , Hauingen and Wehr ) were worked on or erected by fencers.

In addition, Fechter has also prepared various expert reports on the quality of buildings and construction work, as well as maps and boundary plans (for example, in 1743, a “situation plan Augst and surroundings” of the Roman ruins of Augusta Raurica , the fortifications along the Ergolz and at the Hülftenschanz , the building - and gardens of the Weiherschloss Bottmingen or a "plan of the meadow area between Riehen , Stetten and Weil " from 1758 and by the "rectory and grounds near St. Clara ".) as well as canals and he took care of the maintenance of the building stock.

Together with the Basel chronicler Daniel Bruckner (1707–1781), Fechter took part in a surveying expedition by the Basel mathematician and physicist Daniel Bernoulli to the Wannenflue (east of Langenbruck ) in May 1755, which is considered the oldest barometric height measurement in the Basel landscape. The geometer Fechter was the actual surveyor and then drew a map of the result.

The Johann-Jakob-Fechter-Weg in Freiburg-Ebnet is named after Fechter. The Swiss portrait painter Sigmund Barth (1723–1772) created a painting in 1767 that most likely shows Johann Jacob Fechter. The Basel draftsman, watercolor painter, etcher and copper engraver Franz Feyerabend (1755–1800) depicted Fechter in his “Imagines basilienses” - a series of caricatures of well-known personalities from the city created at the end of the 18th century.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The sand pit , altbasel.ch
  2. ^ The Basel Minster: Architecture from the 16th to 18th centuries
  3. ↑ Patrimoine de France - Inventaire général
  4. ↑ http://www.denkmalpflege.bs.ch/aktuelles/beispiele/hebelstrasse_7/ Hebelstrasse_7.html ( Memento from December 28, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
  5. ^ The Rollerhof in Basel and its Rococo ballroom ( Memento from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  6. ↑ File ( Memento of the original from December 23, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Basel State Archives @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / query.staatsarchiv.bs.ch
  7. ↑ Including the interior furnishings, the construction time lasted until 1768. For more information on the house, see the website of the "Wildt'sches Haus am Petersplatz" foundation
  8. ^ Cultural monuments in Bretzwil
  9. ^ Cultural monuments in Bubendorf
  10. ↑ Building awards of the Heimatschutz 2007 ( Memento from February 28, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  11. ↑ For example at the parish church in Wehr (Baden) , see Die Bauchronik of the Wehrer parish church
  12. ↑ The theater of Augusta Raurica, excerpt from the overview plan by JJ Fechter ( memento of August 2, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ), printed by Johann Daniel Schöpflin in 1751 in his Alsatia illustrata .
  13. ↑ File KP 5003/0124, State Archives of the Canton of Basel-Landschaft
  14. ↑ In the battle of the Hülftenschanz between Pratteln and Frenkendorf 1833 Basel-Land defeated Basel-Stadt, leading to the Basel canton separation led
  15. ↑ Bottmingen-Weiherschloss, copy of an isometric drawing after JJ Fechter, 1780 ( Memento from December 11, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  16. ↑ File , State Archives Basel
  17. ↑ File , State Archives Basel
  18. ^ Huggel, S. #.
  19. ↑ Martin Rickenbacher: The oldest height measurements in the Basler landscape: Daniel Bernoulli's expedition to the Wannenflue in May 1755 . In: Basler Journal of History and Archeology , Vol. 101, 2001, pp 87-115 ( Digitalisat  ( page no longer available , searching web archives )  Info: . The link was automatically marked as defective Please review the link according to instructions and remove then this note. ).@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / dav0.bgdi.admin.ch  
  20. ↑ According to Huggel, p. 26.
  21. ↑ table of contents ; Review by Adolf Schmid
personal data
SURNAME Fencer, Johann Jacob
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Fechter, Johann Jakob; Fencer, Jean-Jacques
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss civil engineer, master builder and geodesist of the Baroque and Rococo
DATE OF BIRTH June 13, 1717
PLACE OF BIRTH Basel
DATE OF DEATH February 7, 1797
Place of death Basel