Johann Redowsky

Johann Franz Redowsky , also John , ( Russian Иван Иванович Редовский Ivan Ivanovich Redowski Ivan Ivanovich Redowsky, Redoffsky * 1. January 1774 in Memel , † January 27 ^{. Jul} / 8. February  1807 ^greg. In Gizhiga ) was an East Prussian , German- Russian botanist .

Life

Origin and family

Johann was the son of the businessman Johann Redowsky and Luise, née Koch. Redowsky's only heiress was his sister Anna Florentine († January 4, 1819). She was married to the building inspector Friedrich Wilhelm Bernis († January 13, 1819) and became the mother of the later major general Julius Bernis .

Career

Redowsky studied botany and medicine in Königsberg and Jena, and was eventually promoted to Dr. med. PhD . He then went to Riga to teach as a private teacher.

At the beginning of 1799 he moved to Moscow , where he made the acquaintance of Christian Friedrich Stephan (1757–1814). As a botanist, he was director of the botanical garden at the Gorenki estate east of Moscow (today in the city of Balaschicha ). The owner, Count Alexei Kirillowitsch Rasumowski (1748–1822), employed him in 1803 and 1804, initially as an inspector, and finally, after Stephen's departure to Saint Petersburg, as director of the Botanical Garden, which under his aegis had a rapid and widely recognized development took. Previously, he had rejected in 1803 an invitation to the circumnavigation of Adam Johann von Krusenstern participate.

Departure of the Golovkin embassy from a camp 1805/1806

After he had become adjunct for botany at the Academy of Sciences on February 27, 1805 , Redowsky joined Count Golowkin's legation trip to China in March 1805 . During the trip from Moscow via Kazan , Ekaterinburg and Krasnoyarsk to Irkutsk , he set up a botanical collection and worked closely with fellow travelers Michael Friedrich Adams and Joseph Rehmann . After the embassy in Urga was rejected, Redowsky returned to Irkutsk and, on the orders of the academy, undertook a new trip to Kamchatka and the Kuril Islands , which was planned for three years. He examined the Aldan mountain range and the Okhotsk shore , visited Udskoje and Okhotsk and collected plants, minerals, volcanic samples and fish, finally reached in early 1807 Gizhiga, where he came under unclear circumstances died and on the right bank of the Gischiga buried has been.

Redowsky was a member of the Jena Society of Natural Scientists since 1802, as well as of the Free Economic Society since 1805 and of the Moscow Society of Natural Scientists since 1806 .

Redowsky was polyglot ; in addition to German and Russian , he also spoke English , Spanish , Italian , French and Latin .

Its official botanical author's abbreviation is " I. Redowsky ".

Works

• Enumeratio plantarum quae in horto Excellentissimi Comitis Alexii a Razumowsky in pago Mosquensii Gorinka vigent , 1803/1804

Estate and aftermath

Redowsky's Siberian plant collections are located in the Botanical Institute of the Academy of Sciences in the Chamisso collection . Since the herbarium was first acquired by Chamisso for Germany and only in 1841 by the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, some well-known German and Russian scholars, including Johann Georg Christian Lehmann , Karl Johann Maximowicz , Carl Bernhard Trinius or Friedrich Ernst Ludwig von Fischer , work with the material. Individual documents collected by Redowsky were processed by Johann Heinrich Rudolph (1744–1809).

Redowsky named:

• the species Peucedanum baicalense ( I. Redowsky ex Willdenow , WDJKoch ) of the genus Haarstrang ( Peucedanum )

At least 15 organisms were named after Redowsky, including:

• the genus Redowskia Cham. et Schltdl. the cruciferous ( Cruciferae )
• the species Artemisia redowskyi Ledeb. of the genus Artemisia of the cruciferous vegetables ( Artemisia )
• the species Andromeda Redowskiana Ch. et Schl. from the tribe Andromedeae of the heather family ( Ericaceae )
• the species Campanula Redowskiana Cham. from the genus of bluebells ( Campanula )
• the species Erysimum redowskii Weinm . from the genus of the scot oak ( Erysimum )
• the species Rhododendron redowskianum Maxim. from the genus of rhododendrons ( Rhododendron )

literature

• Hartmut Walravens: Johann Redowsky's journey from Irkutsk to Kamchatka (1806-1807) on behalf of the Academy of Sciences. Norderstedt 2019 ( digitized on Google Books )

Web links

• Редовский (Redowsky) on Encyclopedia of the Germans of Russia - RusDeutsch.
• Entry in the Erik Amburger database at the Leibniz Institute for East and Southeast European Studies
• Redowsky, Ivan Ivanovich (1774–1807) on JSTOR (English)
• Редовский, Иван Иванович on Большая биографическая энциклопедия , Moscow 2009 (Russian)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Redowsky, Ivan Ivanovich (1774–1807) on the International Plant Names Index page - Retrieved June 5, 2019.