Karl Josef Müller

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Uninvited Guest , 1892
Three comrades in the room , 1895
The joyful greeting , 1898
Two ladies (or perhaps a friend's visit ), 1898
The happy farewell , 1899
The good food for the young soldier from the 76th regiment (also The Return ), 189?
A helping hand , 1911
Young woman reading by the light of the kerosene lamp (smaller version)
Young woman reading by the light of the kerosene lamp (larger version)
Female nude in a landscape
At the Alster
Alstertal near Wellingsbüttel
Port of Hamburg with the express steamer Fürst Bismarck and three-masted barque Noah
Freight steamer (Port of Hamburg)
Hamburg harbor (with bridge)
Port of Hamburg
Portrait of a fisherman
Fischer plugging a pipe , 1923

Karl Josef Müller , also Carl Josef Müller (born January 19, 1865 in Hamburg ; † October 29, 1942 in the Theresienstadt ghetto ) was a German painter and lithographer who signed his pictures with Karl Müller , usually with the addition of Hamburg .

Life

Karl Josef Müller was born as the son of the cigar manufacturer Abraham Müller and his wife Henriette, née Burchard , in Hamburg's old town . He was related to Ludwig Müller, who, together with Max Marx, owned the cigar factory M. Müller jr. was in Hamburg, which in 1905 acquired the name Waldorf Astoria Company including trademark rights from the American Waldorf-Astoria Cigar Company and founded the Waldorf-Astoria cigarette factory together with the Hamburg wholesaler and cigarette importer Heinrich Abraham & Co. and Emil Molt .

After attending the Israelite Foundation School in 1815 , Karl Josef Müller completed a three-year apprenticeship in lithography. From 1886 to 1888 he trained at the Royal Saxon School of Applied Arts in Dresden with the history and decorative painter Ermenegildo Antonio Donadini . He then studied at the Prussian Academy of Arts in Berlin with Professor Hanke. In Hamburg he made the Regiment Infantry 76er than one year old one year military service in which he produced works for the company and maneuvers studies. This encouraged him to devote himself to the representation of the military beyond his military service, which earned him the nickname " Soldier Millers". He gave the military pictures a cozy touch. In addition to the military pictures, there were also scenes from the port of Hamburg , landscapes, nudes, portraits and folk life, the latter with a cozy to humorous note. The Kunstverein in Hamburg acquired the oil painting Schleichpatrouille for the association's annual raffle for 1893 and a watercolor and a pen drawing by Müller for an exhibition lottery in 1894. For the raffle of 1909 he acquired the watercolors Auf dem Heimweg and Aus Vierlanden .

At the age of 38, Müller married Louise Rebecca Franziska Hauer (born February 12, 1872 in Hamburg), known as Lieschen , in Hamburg in 1903 , the daughter of the perfume and soap manufacturer Martin Hauer. In 1904 and 1911 the two daughters Karla and Lotte were born, of whom Karla later became a singer and Lotte an actress. Karl Josef Müller was a member of the General German Art Cooperative , of the Hamburg Artists' Association from 1832 and later became involved in the Hamburg Jewish Cultural Association . For reasons of age, he did not take part in the First World War and no longer painted pictures of soldiers after the war. During the inflation , the Müller family lost their means and had to move frequently in the following years, but were able to travel to Denmark and Sweden in between.

After the seizure of power of the Nazis was in September 1933 Reichskulturkammer founded, had to join the all artists. Artists without proof of Aryan membership were not accepted or, if they already belonged to a chamber, were later excluded again. There was then a professional and publication ban. The younger unmarried daughter Lotte was dismissed from the Berlin State Theater in 1933 . In its evening edition of January 6, 1934, the Hamburg Foreign Journal published a page with pictures of soldiers by Karl Müller. In 1938 Karl Müller was excluded from the Reich Chamber of Culture because of his Jewish descent. He was involved in the Hamburg Cultural Association of German Jews . In 1941 he received support from the charity .

In Hamburg-Winterhude there are two Stolpersteine ​​in memory of him and his wife at Cäcilienstraße 6 , where they both lived from 1933 to 1937 and where Karl Müller built a simple wooden shed in the back garden to paint in the summer of 1933. Its roof reached under the windowsill of their ground floor apartment. In 1937 the couple moved to Gryphiusstrasse 7 within the district . The last place of residence in Hamburg was an apartment in a house in the Martin-Brunn-Stift at Frickestrasse 24 in Hamburg-Eppendorf , which, as a so-called Jewish house, fulfilled the function of a deportation assembly quarter.

  • Stumbling block for Karl Josef Müller

  • Stumbling block for Louise Rebecca Müller

The Hamburg art dealer Karl Heumann later reported to the Reparation Office that he had visited Karl Müller in Frickestrasse after he had received a letter from Karl Müller asking him to help him when sending a large number of studies and pictures abroad to be helpful, because there was a law according to which paintings, which would mean an irreplaceable loss for the German national art possession, could not be carried out without further ado, regardless of whether they were Jewish or Aryan. The art dealer thought he remembered that Karl Müller wanted to send the pictures to Japan and that he had written him a confirmation stating that there were no objections to the export of the pictures. The art dealer could not say whether the pictures would then be transported abroad.

On July 15, 1942, Karl and Louise Müller left Frickestrasse 24 with their luggage because they had to go to the primary school building at Schanzenstrasse 120, which served as a collection point for Jews to be deported. The luggage was allowed to weigh a maximum of 50 kilograms per person, all possessions beyond that had to be left behind. At the assembly point you had to endure a degrading search. Then one was forced to sign a document with which the entire property was transferred to the German Reich . The deportees had to get into state police vehicles in the schoolyard . Those of the old people who could not climb the high folding steps on the police team van quickly enough got a kick in the back, the eyewitness Käthe Starke-Goldschmidt later reported. The team car continued to the Hanover station in Hamburg. There you had to change to a train with compartments (not yet cattle wagons , as was customary later). The journey by train took about a day. Since there was no feeder route to the Theresienstadt ghetto , the train stopped in the nearby town of Bauschowitz . The deportees had to walk the remaining three kilometers and also carry their luggage. During this time there was a curfew for the local population. The people who could not walk were taken to the ghetto in trucks. The transport with the 926 deportees reached the Theresienstadt ghetto on July 16, 1942 and was called Transport VI / 1 ( VI stood for Hamburg and 1 for the first transport to Theresienstadt). Karl Josef Müller died there on October 29, 1942, allegedly of heart failure according to the death report in room 9 of the central hospital . The art historian Maike Bruhns , on the other hand, states in books that he starved to death in Theresienstadt. Louise Rebecca Müller was deported from the Theresienstadt ghetto to the Auschwitz-Birkenau extermination camp on May 15, 1944 . The exact date of death is not known. In order to calculate the compensation claims, a court set May 8, 1945 as the date of death.

Karl Josef Müller's paintings and drawings are mainly in private collections, but the Museum für Hamburgische Geschichte also has paintings by him in its collection. His paintings and drawings were featured in issues of the journal Die Gartenlaube and in the Hamburg foreign newspaper .

Participation in exhibitions (selection)

Solo exhibitions

  • 1906: Kunstverein in Hamburg
  • 1908: Art Association in Hamburg

Group exhibitions

  • 1894: Great Berlin Art Exhibition - 2 paintings with maneuver scenes
  • 1894: Large art exhibition in Hamburg
  • 1895: International exhibition, art association in Hamburg
  • 1905: Large art exhibition in Hamburg
  • 1905: Exhibition, Kunstverein in Hamburg
  • 1906: Large art exhibition in Hamburg
  • 1906: Special exhibition of the Hamburg local association of the General German Art Cooperative in the Kunstverein in Hamburg
  • 1908: Large art exhibition in Hamburg
  • 1908: Anniversary exhibition of the Hamburger Künstlerverein , Kunstverein in Hamburg - 3 paintings
  • 1909: Exhibition of the Hamburger Künstlerverein, Kunstverein in Hamburg - 4 paintings
  • 1909: Exhibition, Kunstverein in Hamburg (December) - 2 watercolors
  • 1910: Large art exhibition in Hamburg
  • 1910: Exhibition by the Hamburger Künstlerverein, Kunstverein in Hamburg - 3 paintings and one drawing
  • 1911: Exhibition, Kunstverein in Hamburg - 3 paintings
  • 1912: Exhibition of works by Hamburg artists, Kunstverein in Hamburg - a painting
  • 1912: Exhibition by the Hamburg Artists' Association
  • 1912: Commeter Gallery in Hamburg
  • 1913: Commeter Gallery in Hamburg
  • 1913: Exhibition of works by Hamburg artists , organized by the Kunstverein in Hamburg - A painting
  • 1913: Exhibition by the Hamburg Artists' Association
  • 1916: Exhibition of the Hamburger Künstlerverein, Kunstverein in Hamburg, in the Johanneum am Speersort - an oil painting
  • 1918: Special exhibition of the Hamburger Künstlerverein, Kunstverein in Hamburg - 2 oil paintings
  • 1919: Exhibition by the Hamburger Künstlerverein, Kunstverein in Hamburg - an oil painting
  • 1921: Exhibition by the Hamburg Artists' Association
  • 1921: Exhibition by the Altona artists' association
  • 1922: Exhibition by the Hamburg Artists' Association
  • 1925: Exhibition by the Hamburg Artists' Association
  • 1925: Jury-free art exhibition in Hamburg
  • 1936: Exhibition by the Hamburg Artists' Association
  • 1938: Jewish community center in Hamburg

Posthumously

Works (selection)

Signature: Karl Müller , sometimes K. Müller , with the addition Hamburg or . Hbg For small drawings, he also use a monogram with the initials K and M , wherein often the lower part of K as the left half of the upper portion of the M served.

Dimensions: width × height

  • 189 ?: The good food for the young soldier from the 76th Regiment also The Return , oil on canvas, 55 × 46 cm (illegibly dated)
  • 1891: Preparation for service , oil painting - Perhaps the painting Preparation for roll call , which is shown as a print in the magazine Die Gartenlaube from 1892.
  • 1891: In the guard room , oil painting
  • 1891: Zapfenstreich , oil painting
  • 1891: gymnastics lesson , oil painting
  • 1891: Sneak patrol , oil painting
  • 1891: Return from field service exercise , oil painting
  • 1892: Free distribution of boiled water in Hamburg (on the occasion of the cholera epidemic of 1892 ), drawing - reproduced in 1892 as a print in the magazine Die Gartenlaube
  • 1892: Interior view of the people's kitchen built at Hansabrunnen - reproduced in 1892 as a print in the journal Die Gartenlaube
  • 1892: Exterior view of the people's kitchen built at Hansabrunnen - reproduced in 1892 as a print in the journal Die Gartenlaube
  • 1892: "Crib" in the primary school building on the Uhlenhorst - reproduced in 1892 as a print in the journal Die Gartenlaube
  • 1892: Orphan - reproduced in 1892 as a print in the journal Die Gartenlaube
  • 1892: The State barge when disinfecting a same Kahn - 1892 as a print in the journal The gazebo displayed
  • 1892: Disinfection room in a cholera barrack - reproduced in 1892 as a print in the journal Die Gartenlaube
  • 1892: In the orphanage - reproduced in 1892 as a print in the journal Die Gartenlaube
  • 1892: Christmas presents for cholera orphans in Hamburg , drawing - reproduced in 1892 as a print in the magazine Die Gartenlaube
  • 1892: The Uninvited Guest , oil on canvas, 72 × 56.5 cm
  • 1893: Invasion of the 76 , black and white oil paintings - acquired in 1930 by the Museum of Hamburg History
  • 1893: Zeal for service , oil painting - reproduced in 1894 as a print in the journal Die Gartenlaube
  • 1894: From the "German Journalists 'and Writers' Day" in Hamburg: The night festival on the Alster on June 30, 1894 , drawing - reproduced in 1894 as a print in the magazine Die Gartenlaube
  • 1895 or before: Drei Tage Kasten , painting - reproduced in 1895 as a print in the journal Die Gartenlaube
  • 1895 or before: At the shooting range , drawing - reproduced in 1895 as a print in the journal Die Gartenlaube
  • 1895: Three comrades in the room , oil on canvas, 67.5 × 52 cm
  • 1896: Heiteres Quartier , painting - reproduced in 1896 as a print in the journal Die Gartenlaube
  • 1897 or before: In the Ratskeller of the new Hamburg City Hall , drawing, reproduced in 1897 as a print in the magazine Das Buch für Alle
  • 1898 or before: In the instruction lesson , painting - reproduced in 1898 as a print in the journal Die Gartenlaube
  • 1898 or before: Pension payment in the Hamburg main post office building (payment of retirement, widow's and disability pension), drawing, reproduced as a print in the magazine Das Buch für Alle
  • 1898: The joyful greeting , oil on canvas, 70 × 50.5 cm
  • 1898: Two ladies, gouache, 36 × 22 cm (Perhaps a colored picture visit of the friend , which was printed as art supplement VI in the journal Die Gartenlaube 1899)
  • 1899: The happy farewell , oil on canvas, 93 × 70 cm
  • 189 ?: Hamburg harbor with express steamer Fürst Bismarck and three-masted barque Noah, oil on canvas, 239 × 139.5 cm
  • 1903: (or before) A treat , painting - reproduced in 1903 as a print in the journal Die Gartenlaube
  • 1904: Portrait of Henry Jones (Hamburg resident who emigrated to America and one of the founders of the B'nai B'rith order. The Hamburg Henry Jones Lodge was a lodge of the order), on the occasion of the opening of the lodge home of the Henry Jones Lodge in Hartungstrasse 9-11
  • 1904: Drawing and lithography for printing Hamburg's central station in words and images freely based on Schiller , motif format 53.5 × 44.5 cm on sheet format 59 × 81 cm
  • 1908: Market bustle on the hop market , gouache, 44 × 25 cm
  • 1911: A helping hand , oil on canvas, 115.7 × 88 cm
  • 1917: Peasant couple in front of a grain field , oil on canvas, 48 ​​× 63 cm
  • 1919: Old drivers or pilot rooms , oil paintings - acquired in 1964 by the Museum of Hamburg History
  • 1923: Fischer plugging a pipe , oil painting, 48.2 × 73.6 cm
  • Before 1926: Der Pilot , oil on canvas, 58 × 78 cm - auctioned in October 1926 at auction house Carl F. Schlüter, Hamburg
  • 19 ??: Portrait of a fisherman , oil on canvas, 42 × 52 cm
  • 1 ???: Coal relief , oil on canvas, 69.5 × 51 cm - Sellhorn, Hamburg
  • 1 ???: Portrait of Ludwig Wolf
  • 1 ???: Young woman reading at a table by the light of the kerosene lamp , oil on canvas, mounted on wood, 39 × 30.5 cm
  • 1 ???: Young woman reading at a table by the light of the kerosene lamp, oil on canvas, 67 × 48 cm
  • 1 ???: Woman peeling potatoes in front of a thatched hut with a view of the sea, oil on canvas, 55 × 45 cm
  • 1 ???: Female nude lying in a landscape , oil on canvas, 48.5 × 23.5 cm
  • 1 ???: Am Alsterlauf , oil on canvas, 69 × 50 cm
  • 1 ???: Alstertal near Wellingsbüttel , oil on canvas, 148 × 100 cm
  • 1 ???: Hamburg Harbor (with a bridge), oil on canvas, 135 × 84 cm
  • 1 ???: Port of Hamburg, oil on canvas 75 × 45.5 cm
  • 1 ???: freight steamer (Hamburg harbor), oil on canvas, laid down on cardboard, 39 × 25 cm
  • 1 ???: Family at the table, oil on canvas, 60 × 43 cm
  • 1 ???: Farmer on his way to a barn , oil on canvas, 62 × 47.5 cm

Publications (selection)

  • Karl Müller: Soldiers Life - Pictures from the Garrison - 20 collotype copies based on originals , Boysen, Hamburg 1891
  • Our Hamburg boys in the war of 1870/71 , history of the Hamburg Infantry Regiment until 1892 with 24 illustrations
  • German art for Hamburg's favor - German artist and writer album published for the benefit of the needy in Hamburg and Altona , Hamburg 1892, p. 21 ( digitized version )

literature

  • Müller, Karl. In: Friedrich von Boetticher : Painters Works of the 19th Century, Contribution to Art History , Volume 2, 1898, p. 100 ( digitized version )
  • Müller, Karl. In: Dressler's Art Yearbook 1907 (2nd 1907), p. 140 ( digitized version )
  • Friedrich Jansa: German visual artists in words and images , Leipzig 1912
  • Müller, Karl. In: Ernst Rump : Lexicon of visual artists in Hamburg, Altona and the surrounding area , Otto Bröcker & Co., Hamburg 1912, p. 92 ( digitized version )
  • Müller, Karl . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 25 : Moehring – Olivié . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1931, p. 240 .
  • Jörgen Bracker and Carsten Prange (eds.): Alster, Elbe and the sea. Hamburg's shipping and port in paintings, drawings and watercolors of the Museum for Hamburg History , Hamburg 1981, ISBN 9783920953182
  • Maike Bruhns : Art in Crisis. Volume 1: Hamburg Art in the “Third Reich”. Dölling and Galitz, Munich / Hamburg 2001, ISBN 3-933374-94-4 , pp. 270, 294, 308, 315, 318, 333, 413, 414, 504, 514.
  • Maike Bruhns: Art in Crisis. Volume 2: Artist Lexicon Hamburg 1933–1945. Dölling and Galitz, Munich / Hamburg 2001, ISBN 3-933374-95-2 , pp. 294-295.
  • Maike Bruhns: Müller (called soldiers miller), Karl (Josef) . In: The new rump. Lexicon of the visual artists of Hamburg . Ed .: Rump family. Revised new edition of Ernst Rump's dictionary. Supplemented and revised by Maike Bruhns, Wachholtz, Neumünster 2013, ISBN 978-3-529-02792-5 , pp. 316–317

Web links

Commons : Karl Josef Müller  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Entry in the Hamburg address book from 1906
  2. ↑ Anneliese Hermann:  Molt, Emil. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 18, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-428-00199-0 , p. 9 f. ( Digitized version ).
  3. ↑ Maike Bruhns writes in Der neue Rump that he comes from a wealthy factory owner's fan base ("Waldorf-Astoria") , which can be misleading ( Waldorf Astoria ), so here is a little more detailed.
  4. ↑ Raffle and exhibition lottery in: Annual Report of the Art Association for 1893. P. 6 (PDF-P. 82). And the annual report of the Art Association for 1894. p. 8 (PDF-p. 93). PDF file from kunstverein.de
  5. ↑ Raffle 1909 in: Annual report of the art association in Hamburg for 1909 . P. 21 (PDF-P. 98). PDF file from kunstverein.de
  6. ↑ Main source 1 of the article biography on stolpersteine-hamburg.de
  7. ↑ Main source 2 of the article: Maike Bruhns: Müller (called soldiers miller), Karl (Josef) . In: The new rump .
  8. ↑ Information on Transport VI / 1 , with a list of the names of the transport . Louise Müller and Carl Müller are on page 33 of the list of names (you can click on the names of the list).
  9. ↑ Proof of the curfew
  10. ^ Exhibition catalog , Great Berlin Art Exhibition 1894
  11. ^ Report on the exhibition in the Kunstchronik on May 23, 1895
  12. ↑ Source 2 for exhibitions
  13. ↑ Source 3 ( memento of October 29, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) for exhibitions, Kunstverein in Hamburg, list, PDF file
  14. ↑ Exhibition November 1906 in: Annual report of the Kunst-Verein in Hamburg for 1906 , p. 15 (PDF-p. 29)
  15. ↑ Exhibitions 1908 and 1909 in: Annual report of the Art Association in Hamburg for 1908 . P. 10 (PDF-p. 71) and p. 18 (PDF-p. 75) as well as the annual report of the art association in Hamburg for 1909 . Pp. 18-19 (PDF-p. 97). PDF file from kunstverein.de
  16. ^ Exhibition directory in: Annual report of the Kunstverein in Hamburg for 1910 , p. 15 (PDF-p. 9) and in: Annual report of the Kunstverein in Hamburg, 1911 , p. 16 (PDF-p. 20) and in: Annual report of the Kunstverein in Hamburg, 1912 , p. 15 (PDF-p. 39). PDF file from kunstverein.de
  17. ^ Exhibition directory 1913 in: Annual report of the Kunstverein in Hamburg, 1913 , p. 14 (PDF-p. 57). PDF file from kunstverein.de
  18. ↑ List of participants in: Annual report of the Kunstverein in Hamburg, 1916 , p. 12 (PDF-p. 27) and in: Annual report of the Kunstverein in Hamburg, 1918 , pp. 14–15 (PDF-p. 64) as well as in: Annual report of the Kunstverein in Hamburg, 1919 , p. 9 (PDF-p. 78). PDF file from Kunstverein
  19. ↑ Proof of the supplement, but unfortunately the picture is missing from wikisource and Wikimedia Commons
  20. ↑ Figure peasant couple in front of a grain field
  21. ↑ Auction catalog 1926
  22. ^ Image front and back of the painting Alstertal near Wellingsbüttel
  23. ↑ Figure family at the table
  24. ↑ Book reference to soldiers' lives
  25. ↑ Illustration of the cover and further information on the illustrated book Soldiers Life
personal data
SURNAME Müller, Karl Josef
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Müller, Carl Josef; Müller, Karl
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter
DATE OF BIRTH January 19, 1865
PLACE OF BIRTH Hamburg
DATE OF DEATH October 29, 1942
Place of death Theresienstadt ghetto