Church of the Good Shepherd (Berlin-Friedenau)
| Church of the Good Shepherd | |
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 Church of the Good Shepherd |
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| Start of building: | October 22, 1891 |
| Inauguration: | November 10, 1893 |
| Builder : | Albert Koch |
| Architect : | Karl Doflein |
| Style elements : | Neo-Gothic |
| Client: | Parish Council |
| Floor space: | 45 × 22 m |
| Space: | 940 people |
| Tower height: |
70 m |
| Location: | 52 ° 28 '17.4 " N , 13 ° 19' 42.2" E |
| Address: |
Friedrich-Wilhelm-Platz Berlin , Germany |
| Purpose: | evangelical-union ; church service |
| Local community: | Evangelical parish for the Good Shepherd |
| Regional Church : | EKBO |
| Website: | www.zum-guten-hirten-friedenau.de |
The Evangelical Church of the Good Shepherd in the Berlin district of Friedenau was built as a nave church with narrow, aisle-like aisles and a slim, 70-meter-high tower in neo-Gothic style based on a design by Karl Doflein . The slate-covered masonry building , faced with dark red bricks , was built in an exposed urban location on Friedrich-Wilhelm-Platz . On the birthday of Empress Auguste Viktoria , the foundation stone was laid in her presence, and she was also present at the inauguration . During the Second World War , the church was damaged by Allied air raids , including the windows, the roof was largely destroyed, and all the wall paintings were then destroyed by weather damage. After the war, the interior was simply restored, but later restored to match the original. The church is a listed building .
history
After the end of the Franco-Prussian War in 1871, construction activities spread to the Berlin area. The “Landerwerb- und Bauverein auf Actien”, founded on July 9, 1871, acquired a total of 550 acres of land from his manor in Deutsch-Wilmersdorf from Johann Anton Wilhelm von Carstenn between 1871 and 1875 and founded the villa suburb of Friedenau. The settlement got its name after the Peace Treaty of Frankfurt in 1871: "Frieden-Au". After the development plan was approved by the Teltow district , Friedenau was raised to an independent rural community on November 9, 1874 . The population increased rapidly in the following decades. In 1890 Friedenau had 4211 inhabitants. Ecclesiastically, the Friedenauers belonged to the Wilmersdorf village church, the predecessor of today's Auenkirche . Since both Wilmersdorf and Friedenau were expanding and the way to the Wilmersdorfer village church was too far for the Friedenauers, they celebrated their own prayers and services in an inn on Rheinstrasse . When the room rent became too expensive, the community found a place in a school building on Albestrasse. In 1885 the Friedenauers received their own clergyman. The idea of building a church in Friedenau arose at the beginning of the 1870s. Already in 1883 the rural community of Friedenau provided a piece of land for the church building, but it was not until 1891 that the construction of the church for the parish of Friedenau, which became independent on October 1, 1889, began.
The Empress had become aware of the architect Doflein through his non-executed competition design for the Gnadenkirche in Invalidenpark . His design in the competition for the Dankeskirche (badly damaged in 1944 and torn down in 1949) in Wedding had met with approval from the Empress and, if she wanted it, it should also be used here in a more effective urban location on Friedrich-Wilhelm-Platz. At the request of the parish, the empress took over the patronage of the church. The construction costs amounted to 274,000 marks (adjusted for force today around 1.9 million euros), which were raised by the mother community Deutsch-Wilmersdorf, the Empress, the church building association and the rural community, which also left the building site free.
In the period after 1945 the worst damage was repaired. The windows were provisionally made weatherproof, the roof re-covered, the walls washed and freshly whitewashed, because a new painting was out of the question because of the high costs. A heater was installed in April 1954. Since June 12, 1959, the congregation has officially been named "To the Good Shepherd".
For the 75th anniversary of the church in 1968, the church was then completely redesigned according to plans by Peter Lehrercke . The historicist house of worship was to become a modern parish church. All interior furnishings that were not damaged during the war - pulpit, altar, baptism and all sculptural work - were removed.
A concrete pedestal was built in the chancel. A steel cross was placed in the empty choir room. The parapets in the niches of the choir arch were broken out and the openings walled up. The brick surfaces of the whole room were covered with a light synthetic resin paint.
In 1974, at the suggestion of the church building association of the community, in cooperation with the state curator, the plan to look for a replacement for what had been lost came about. The entire inventory of worship services from the hospital chapel of the Bethanien Diakonissenhaus , which has now been closed, was transferred to the Church of the Good Shepherd.
The renovation work that led to the current state of the church began in January 1984. The concrete pedestal in front of the altar was removed and the altar staircase and steps were restored. The side choir arches and the niches with the vestments and original profiles have also been restored. The emulsion paint in the chancel and in the choir arch was removed. The pillars , pilaster strips , ribs and cornices were exposed again. The exposed brickwork was restored in its natural color and the vaulted caps plastered. The tower had to be repaired in early 1977.
Building
The design of the Church of the Good Shepherd follows the ideas of the Eisenach regulation from 1861. The church is a nave with a wide central nave , aisle-like side aisles with galleries and a retracted, rectangular closed choir with a colored rose window . The central nave over four bays and the choir over another bay are spanned with cross vaults. The aisles are divided on the outside by four gables with high windows, over which transverse gable roofs rise. The high tower is flanked by polygonal stair towers that lead to the galleries in the side aisles and to the organ gallery . The baptistery is located on the west side of the choir and the sacristy on the east side . The main portal in the tower leads into a vestibule in which a sculpture of the Good Shepherd rises above the double portal on the central pillar . On the eastern stair tower there is a sculpture of the Apostle Peter and on the western one of the Apostle Paul .
The altar, the pulpit and the baptismal font corresponded to the style of the church and, with their columns and marble cladding, were coordinated with the richly illustrated painting.
organ
The old pneumatic organ built into an organ loft in the tower niche had 27 registers and two manuals . In the First World War, which had pipes of tin for making war material be delivered. These were replaced by pipes made of aluminum coated with zinc . The organ was much too small for the large room. As the errors in the mechanics increased, it had to be replaced by a new instrument. For cost reasons, an amount of around 150,000 marks was required, the new organ was built by the Berlin organ building workshop Schuke in two construction phases. The first construction phase with the basic registers and half of the pipes was completed by the anniversary of the church, November 10, 1968. Since 1972 the new organ has finally had a total of 44 registers, divided into three manuals and pedal , a mechanical action and an electrical control unit. The prospectus was adapted to the newly designed interior of the church. The old organ gallery has been removed, the new organ is on the main gallery. She has the following disposition :
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- Coupling : III-II, I-II, III-P, II-P, I-P
- Playing aids : 4 free combinations, 1 free pedal combination, 11 individual holders for reed stops, pommer 16 ′ (HW) and quintbass 10 2 ⁄ 3 ′ (P)
- Action : mechanical action action with sliding chests , electro-pneumatic stop action
Bells
In the tower hang three bronze bells from the bell foundry Petit & Gebr. Edelbrock from 1962:
| Bell jar | Chime | Weight (kg) |
Diameter ( cm) |
Height (cm) |
inscription |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | d 1 | 1750 | 136 | 121 | WE HAVE NO STAYING PLACE HERE |
| 2. | f 1 | 980 | 116 | 95 | YESTERDAY AND TODAY AND THE SAME ALSO IN ETERNITY, JESUS CHRIST |
| 3. | a 1 | 450 | 90 | 75 | GIVE US MERCY PEACE |
From the first ringing of the bell, the two larger ones were melted down for armament purposes in June 1917, only the smallest remained in the church. After the war, a cast steel bell was hung after the bell tower was structurally redesigned. The new bell was consecrated on December 19, 1920. On March 17, 1962, these bells were replaced by new bronze bells from the bell foundry Petit & Gebr. Edelbrock.
cenotaph
After the First World War , the community erected a memorial created by Heinrich Missfeldt for its fallen members. Because of the large number of casualties was dropped the plan to attach name plates on the walls of the church. The monument consists of a larger-than-life, grieving female figure who - kneeling with folded hands - looks at a laurel-adorned steel helmet lying in front of her . In the middle of the plinth is a cabinet for storing the book of honor with the names of the fallen. The memorial was originally supposed to be placed in the entrance hall. The niche opposite the pulpit was then prepared because of a heating installation. The memorial was unveiled on April 16, 1921. Because the niches were later bricked up during the renovation work to enlarge the chancel, the memorial is now in the nave, right next to the entrance, on the wall on the left.
literature
- Max Morawski: 75 years of the Church of the Good Shepherd Berlin-Friedenau. Berlin 1968.
- Hans-Joachim Hinz: 100 Years of the Church of the Good Shepherd A century of community history 1893–1993. Berlin 1993.
- Hans-Joachim Hinz: 103 years of the Church of the Good Shepherd 1893–1996. Berlin 1996.
- Thomas Buske: Church of the Good Shepherd. From building history and planning. Berlin 1986. (Issue 2 of the Evangelical Church Building Association)
- Iselin Gundermann: Ernst Freiherr von Mirbach and the churches of the empress. Berlin 1988.
- Architects and Engineers Club Berlin e. V. (Ed.): Sacred buildings. (= Berlin and its buildings , part VI.) Ernst & Sohn, Berlin 1997.
- Günther Kühne, Elisabeth Stephani: Evangelical churches in Berlin. Berlin 1978.
- Dehio-Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Berlin. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2006, p. 526 f.
- Klaus-Dieter Wille: The bells of Berlin (West). History and inventory. Berlin 1987.
