Klein Köris

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Klein Köris is a part of the municipality Groß Köris in the Dahme-Spreewald district in Brandenburg .

Geographical location

Klein Köriser See

The community part is east of the center and south of the Kleiner Köriser See . To the northeast is the Neubrück residential area . This is followed in a clockwise direction by the Hammer residential area, the Löpten-Süd, Löpten and Löpten-Nord residential area and the Rankenheim residential area. The next larger communities are Münchehofe in the east and Märkisch Buchholz in the south. The district extends in a north-south direction starting on the banks of the Klein Köriser See and is crossed by the Koynegraben in the east and an unnamed canal in the west, each of which drains into the lake. By far the largest part is - if not extensive - built on. Landstrasse 742 runs through the town near the lake, which as Chausseestrasse connects to the community center to the west and connects to federal highway 179 to the east .

history

Early to the 17th century

In 1971, the Zeuthen conservationist Fischer discovered the first advertisements for a Germanic settlement. They led to earthworks in Klein Köris, during which workers were able to uncover further finds in 1976. Archaeologists continued the excavations until 1995 and were able to prove a settlement that existed from the 2nd to the 5th century and was then abandoned. A further mention is only found many centuries later in a loan document from 1546 by the Schenk von Landsberg , in which a “place with a mill”, the “Little Kuriss”, is recorded. Chroniclers assume, however, that the majority of the residents practiced fishing and forestry and only to a lesser extent arable farming and livestock . Before the outbreak of the Thirty Years' War there were seven farms , two kötter and a shepherd on eight farms. There was a Schulzen who had to pay a thaler and 18 groschen taxes for his two hooves. The hoofers each had to give one thaler, the kötter twelve groschen and the shepherd one gulden. After the war the place fell almost desolate : only Schulze, a farmer and three Kötter had survived. After 1652 new residents came, who moved from Löpten and Beeskow .

18th century

A year later the Lords of Landsberg pawned the place to a Baroness von Löpten due to a financial bottleneck . Otto Wilhelm Schenk von Landsberg triggered it again in 1700 and brought it together with Neubrück into the Buchholz reign. This year there were seven farmers living in the village, one of whom held the office of Schulzen. There was a Kruger and eight Kötter. In 1711 there were seven hoofers, four kötter, a shepherd, a servant and two pairs of householders. They gave four groschen for eight hooves. In 1717 the rule of the von Landsberg family ended with the sale of the entire land to Friedrich Wilhelm I. The Prussian king was very interested in the extensive forest areas that he used for hunting . In 1737 he set up a Princely Chamber, as a result of which the Hammer Forest District was established on the site of the former Hammer mill. In the period that followed, Frederick II campaigned for the reclamation of the region. He had canals widened, swamps drained and agricultural goods such as Wilhelminenhofer Weg laid out. The thus interconnected Teupitz waters , to which the Klein Köriser See also belongs, could therefore be used for the transport of goods, especially to Berlin . With the construction of the Berlin – Görlitz railway line , another transport option was added. At the same time, Berliners discovered the region as a local recreation area . However, the place was still characterized by agriculture: In 1745 there were seven farmers, two farmers and a jug in Klein Köris. The activity of a teacher is known for the first time from the year 1766. In 1771 there were eleven gables (= houses) in the village, the shepherd and two pairs of householders. In 1775 the spelling Klein Köris first appeared in an official document .

19th century

Syringe house

In 1801 there were seven whole farmers, four Ganzkötter, five Büdner and three residents who worked together eight Hufen; there were 17 fireplaces (= households). In addition to promoting tourism, a clay factory was built in Klein Köris . The Klein Köriser convinced the entrepreneur Goldschmidt with a trick to build a brick factory at the eastern end of the village . They transported the raw material from Töpchin into specially prepared boreholes in order to simulate a large clay deposit. Goldschmidt was nevertheless able to successfully manufacture bricks : from 1889 to 1922, his factory produced up to 42 million bricks per year with the help of up to 300 seasonal workers per year, which was particularly in demand in the fast-growing Berlin. They lived in a two-story residential building on Chausseestrasse, which in the 21st century is popularly known as the parish hall . In addition to living quarters for the workers, it included a stable for horses that transported wood and raw materials to the ring kilns . The Tonsee in the southwest of the town was created by the mining . After the brickworks had to close, a Berlin settlement company became aware of the place. It promoted tourism and expanded Klein Köris as a local recreation area. In the southern area of ​​the former brick factory, a large forest settlement was created by dividing the property . It was supplemented by an Ebertsiedlung named after the timber merchant Ebert (in the 21st century the Seestraße) and a fishing settlement on the eastern bank of the Klein Köriser See, which went back to an initiative of the harbor host August Poillon : This is how Neubrück was created. There were also two youth hostels : One was run by the city of Neukölln in the former canteen of the brickworks, the other in the parish hall , where the nature lovers moved in. The rear part of the building with the stable occupied a factory that made coffins . In 1840 there were 19 houses in the village. In 1858 a volunteer fire brigade was founded, which built a syringe house in the village . In the same year there were 12 farms in Klein Köris employing 16 servants and maids. There were eleven part-time farmers and 36 workers. Of the 23 properties, the largest was 338 acres. Eleven more were between 30 and 300 acres (1619 acres together), two 25 acres and nine more 35 acres. In the meantime, some trades had settled in the village. There were two master tailors with two journeymen and an apprentice, a wheelwright with one journeyman, a master blacksmith and a ship owner with four skippers and an electric vehicle. There were seven arms next to a pitcher. In 1860 the number of residential buildings had grown to three public, 26 residential and 50 farm buildings. The school building was built in 1878. In the following decades several restaurants and pensions were built. In 1887 August Poillon opened the harbor restaurant on the Köriser Hafen peninsula . From there passenger ships went to Berlin until the Second World War .

Dragon tree

After the Franco-Prussian War , the community suggested planting a peace oak . However, those present could not agree on a location. Finally a tree was planted in the square in front of the school and another tree in front of the syringe house.

20th century

In 1900 there were 51 houses in the village; the stock grew to 87 houses in 1931. In 1926, a Berlin rowing community settled on Chausseestrasse and founded the rowing club Vorwärts . They were followed by several fishing clubs , including Frühauf from neighboring Teupitz , the Free Anglers Köriser Hafen association in 1927 and the Ostwindsteg Anglersiedlung Klein Köris association from 1928.

In the time of National Socialism , the former canteen of the brickworks served as accommodation for settlers and emigrants who were led back into the borders of the empire in the course of efforts to establish a Greater German Empire . The gable of the house was destroyed by aerial bombs during World War II. After the end of the war, BAE Batteries acquired the building and converted it into a recreation and holiday home. The parish hall was briefly occupied by the German Labor Front , which handed it over to the NSDAP district youth leadership as a country school home. During the war it served as a military hospital and then, in the time of the Soviet occupation zone as the seat of Soviet occupation troops. In the course of the land reform, 94 hectares were expropriated and divided. 24 farmers received a total of only nine hectares, 28 other farms together 77 hectares and one farm received eight hectares of additional land. In the 1950s, a new youth hostel was built west of the district, which was built by a Berlin company as a company holiday home. The administration of the place moved into the parish hall ; there was also a hairdressing salon. The school closed in 1953 and was used as a post office until 1990 . Two LPGs Type I were founded in 1960 with a total of 38 members and 177 hectares of agricultural land. They merged just a year later.

In 1971, Klein Köris was incorporated into Groß Köris together with Neubrück. A year later, a sports community SG Sparta Klein Köris was founded , which until 1991 operated the sports rowing, bowling, soccer, gymnastics and surfing. In 1985 LPG Münchehof acquired the port restaurant Poillons and used it for agricultural purposes. After the fall of the Wall , a family bought the former canteen and converted it into a restaurant and guesthouse. After the fall of the Wall, the Heimatverein was also revived, which has been cultivating traditions such as camping since that time .

21st century

In 2002 the peace oak had to be felled. The stump was transformed into a dragon tree by chainsaw artists Thomas Hartmann, Gilbert Biek, Lorenz Tacke, Edgar Krieg and Christian Wehner , reminiscent of the dragon boat races that have been taking place since 2003 . In the same year, residents renovated the syringe house.

Population development

Population development in Klein Köris from 1734 to 1964
year 1734 1772 1801 1817 1840 1858 1895 1925 1939 1946 1964
Residents 80 91 106 124 176 238 388 360 591 901 735

Attractions

Economy and Infrastructure

economy

In the service sector there are numerous catering establishments and accommodation for tourists. In addition, there are some craft businesses and a few farmers.

traffic

The residential area is accessed in a west-east direction by Landstrasse 742. The RVS line 726 enables a connection to Bestensee and Motzen .

Regular events

  • Zampern at Easter
  • Mardi Gras
  • Dragon boat races on the Klein Köriser See
  • Rose tree festival in June

literature

  • Horst Mahnecke, Elke Müller, Schenkenland-Tourist e. V. (Ed.): Klein Köris - Contributions to the history of two districts. 2008, p. 44
  • Lieselott Enders : Historical local lexicon for Brandenburg: Teltow (= Historical local lexicon for Brandenburg . Volume 4). Verlag Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1976.

Web links

Commons : Klein Köris  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Groß Köris service portal of the state administration of Brandenburg, accessed on April 14, 2017.
  2. ↑ ... a village that was once overpowered by sand ... , website of the open-air museum Germanic settlement Klein Köris, accessed on April 14, 2017.
  3. ↑ Roland Potstawa: Where the Emperor went on the hunt . In: Märkische Allgemeine , March 3, 2016, accessed on April 14, 2017.

Coordinates: 52 ° 10 '  N , 13 ° 41'  E