Clip house

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Old town market around 1900: View to the south of the Klipphaus (center), with the Gewandhaus behind it and a view of Brabandtstrasse .

The Klipphaus , also known as the Klippstube or Kliphus , was a small half-timbered house in the Weichbild old town of Braunschweig . It was located on the south side of the old town market , directly attached to the north side of the Gewandhaus . The half-timbered building was erected in its final form around 1558, completely destroyed in World War II and not rebuilt.

etymology

The name of the building should be traced back to the German word "Klip" [sic!], Which, after it had found its way into the English language, was finally taken back into the German language as "Klub". It is not known since when the house was given this name. The "Klipphaus" is mentioned for the first time in a combing invoice from 1436.

Usage history

A previous building, the so-called “Scheerbude”, is said to have been located at the location of the building described here. It was the property of the Council of Braunschweig's old town and was first mentioned in 1302. In this " booth " - as in the adjacent buildings on the north side of the Gewandhaus - the cloths offered there were shorn. The house seems to have been so dilapidated around 1456 that the council collected money for a new building, which then underwent some renovations by 1498. Next to this building there were 13 more so-called " Krambuden " and 12 " Hokenbuden ", which were mentioned as early as the 12th century. Between 1470 and 1480 these booths were from the North to the south side of the Gewandhaus, in the location where food stall laid and built in its place six major timber-framed buildings, including the "cliff house". Around 1498 the Klipphaus was used as a detention and guard room for the constables of the old town, but also for their feasts . For this purpose, a staircase was temporarily added outside the building, but later removed when the house returned to private use.

It was used as a guild house by the patrician tailors , and by the council as a wine tavern , for drinking bouts and gatherings, especially as reported by Friedrich Knoll , after the severe inner-city riots of 1614. The council also rented the building during the Braunschweig trade fairs . The Klipphaus was last restored for the 1000th anniversary of the city of Braunschweig in 1861. In a letter dated June 13, 1891, Wilhelm Raabe claimed that the Klippstube once belonged to the Lilienvente brotherhood in arms .

architecture

Poststrasse around 1900: View of the east facade of the Gewandhaus. To the right of it is the clip house.

The small, two-story half-timbered house, built in the Hildesheim early Renaissance style, was only seven spans wide and had a cantilevered upper floor. It was not built in this form until around 1558. Originally, the building was flush with the (old) east facade of the Gewandhaus. It was not until 1590 that new since Renaissance - show facade was placed in front of the old east side, the cliff house a few meters appeared reset. The Klipphaus had neither its own house number nor a real front door, only a replica. As can be seen from Friedrich Wilhelm Culemann's city ​​map from 1798, the house also had the same insurance number , namely 768, as the Gewandhaus. There were also no stairs inside. There was only one room on each floor , which served as a restaurant and bar . These rooms were only accessible via the Gewandhaus. The room on the second floor was decorated with numerous carvings , such as arabesques , medallions with heads and a red lion in a white field , which indicated that the house was the property of the council of the old town. There was also a banner in the room with the difficult to read year “1550”, “1558” or “1590”, which could refer to the (re) construction of the house.

Compared to the ground floor, the upper floor had gradually become a little slanted as a result of subsequent modifications after 1702. The reason is said to have been the request of Duke Rudolf August von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel to remove a supporting pillar from the basement in order to have a better view of the old town market from the house of the post-manager Johann Peter von Lautensack opposite, where the Duke frequented to get and to be able to go there better with the carriage. According to the protocol of February 18, 1702, this request was complied with. The projectile leaned to one side as a result, but remained stable overall until the house was destroyed in 1944.

Meeting point for clothing sellers

The “ Kleiderseller ” on September 21, 1890: Wilhelm Raabe in the bottom row on the left.

The “Kleiderseller” were a sociable association of dignitaries from Braunschweig and the surrounding area, which had gathered around the writer Wilhelm Raabe , especially between 1882 and 1910 . They met at regular round tables in different locations in and around Braunschweig. So on Thursdays in the Grüner Jäger in Riddagshausen , later in the Großer Weghaus in Stöckheim , then from the beginning of 1888 on Saturdays in the "Klippstube", which they visited from then on until the mid-1890s. Finally, the clothing sellers preferably met in Herbst's Weinstube in Friedrich-Wilhelm-Straße 23, near the old town market .

destruction

The north side of the Gewandhaus in 2011 with the former Rüninger customs house (right, behind the tree). The clip house was where the parasol on the left is.

Like almost all buildings around the old town market, the Klipphaus was completely destroyed and not rebuilt by the numerous bombing attacks of the Second World War, together with all the half-timbered buildings on the north side of the Gewandhaus, Altstadtmarkt 2-6. The gap between the Martinikirche and the west gable of the Gewandhaus was closed in 1950 by the rebuilding of the former Rüninger customs house that was moved there. The other half-timbered houses were not replaced and the now barren north facade of the Gewandhaus through the installation of windows, and the Renaissance - portal which also destroyed Hagenmarkt pharmacy redesigned.

literature

  • IHK Braunschweig (ed.): The Gewandhaus in Braunschweig. From the "Kophus der Wandtsnidere of the old town" to the "Braunschweig Chamber of Commerce and Industry". Braunschweig undated (around 1933)
  • Norman-Mathias Pingel: Klipphaus, Klippstube. In: Manfred Garzmann , Wolf-Dieter Schuegraf (Hrsg.): Braunschweiger Stadtlexikon . Supplementary volume. Joh. Heinr. Meyer Verlag, Braunschweig 1996, ISBN 3-926701-30-7 , p. 79 .

Coordinates: 52 ° 15 '45.4 "  N , 10 ° 31' 4.8"  E

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c d e Carl Wilhelm Sack : The Gewandhaus on the old town market in Braunschweig and the conditions in the city itself in 1590. In: Braunschweigisches Magazin. 49th piece, Saturday, December 4th, 1858. Braunschweig 1858, OCLC 258672365 , p. 481.
  2. ↑ Emil Ferdinand Vogel : Antiquities of the City and the State of Braunschweig: based on mostly unused manuscripts and with illustrations. Friedrich Otto, Braunschweig 1841, OCLC 844208384 , p. 120.
  3. ^ Carl Wilhelm Sack: The Gewandhaus on the old town market in Braunschweig and the situation in the city itself in 1590. P. 481, FN 61.
  4. ^ Heinrich Meier : The street names of the city of Braunschweig. In: Sources and research on Brunswick history. Volume 1, Zwissler, Wolfenbüttel 1904, ( digitized version ), DNB 58068654X , p. 13.
  5. ^ Norman-Mathias Pingel: Klipphaus, Klippstube. In: Manfred RW Garzmann, Wolf-Dieter Schuegraf, Norman-Mathias Pingel (eds.): Braunschweiger Stadtlexikon - supplementary volume. P. 79.
  6. ↑ Gerd Spies (Ed.): Braunschweig - The image of the city in 900 years. History and views. 2 volumes, Städtisches Museum Braunschweig, Braunschweig 1985, p. 46
  7. ^ A b Carl Wilhelm Sack: The Gewandhaus on the old town market in Braunschweig and the conditions in the city itself in 1590. P. 482.
  8. ↑ Friedrich Knoll : Braunschweig and surroundings: historical-topographical handbook and guide through the monuments and art treasures of the city , Braunschweig 1881, p. 128
  9. ^ Friedrich Karl von Strombeck : Henning Brabant, mayor of the city of Braunschweig and his contemporaries. A contribution to the history of the german urban and judicial system at the beginning of the seventeenth century. FA Helm, Braunschweig, Halberstadt 1829, OCLC 79341191 , p. 12, FN: “The Klipphaus was located in the front pile of the large Gewandhaus opposite the current post office now and rent them for measuring traffic. "
  10. ↑ Jost Schillemeit (Ed.): Wilhelm Raabe. Complete Works. Volume 2: Letters , Braunschweig edition , Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1975, p. 302.
  11. ↑ a b Paul Jonas Meier , Karl Steinacker : The architectural and art monuments of the city of Braunschweig. 2nd, expanded edition, Braunschweig 1926, p. 88
  12. ^ IHK Braunschweig (ed.): The Gewandhaus in Braunschweig. From the "Kophus der Wandtsnidere of the old town" to the "Braunschweig Chamber of Commerce and Industry". P. 35.
  13. ↑ Kurt Hoffmeister : From the Green Hunter to the Great Way House. The clothing sellers before, with and after Wilhelm Raabe in almost 150 years. Chronicle of the clothing seller. Self-published by Kurt Hoffmeister, Braunschweig 2002, ISBN 3-839109-98-1 , p. 47
  14. ^ Wilhelm Raabe : The children of Finkenrode , p. 261 and 302
  15. ^ Rudolf Fricke : The community center in Braunschweig. In: Das deutsche Bürgerhaus , Volume 20. Ernst Wasmuth, Tübingen 1975, ISBN 3-8030-0022-X , p. 146
  16. ↑ Wolfgang Kimpflinger: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany , architectural monuments in Lower Saxony, Volume 1.1 .: City of Braunschweig, Part 1. Hameln 1993, ISBN 3-87585-252-4 , p. 73