Lallinger angle

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Lallinger angle
surface 203.55 km²
Systematics according to Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany
Main unit group 40 →
Upper Palatinate-Bavarian Forest
4th order region
(main unit)		 404 →
rain sink
Natural area characteristics
Landscape type Hill Country Bay
Geographical location
Coordinates 48 ° 48 '6.8 "  N , 13 ° 6' 4.3"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 48 '6.8 "  N , 13 ° 6' 4.3"  E
Lallinger Winkel (Bavaria)
Lallinger angle
Location Lallinger Winkel
circle District of Deggendorf , Passau
state Bavaria
View from Langfurth over the Lallinger Winkel

The Lallinger Winkel is named after the place Lalling , around 200 km² large hill country - bay in the district of Deggendorf and, to a smaller extent in the east, in the district of Passau in the Bavarian Forest . The term Deggendorfer Vorwald is synonymous with this landscape , while the Lallinger Winkel in the narrower sense is only the very flat, undulating part of this landscape around Lalling and Hunding .

The Lallinger Winkel in the broader sense that is used today opens up to the south-west to the floodplain of the Danube between Deggendorf and Osterhofen and is bordered in the north-west, north and north-east by the ridge heights of the Upper Bavarian Forest , which can reach up to 1000  m , and in the south-east by the less montane Dreiburgenland and to the south from the submontane northern edge of the Danube (both parts of the compartment country ), which in particular keep the cold winds and rain from the northwest to the east.

History and culture

The area around Lalling was already developed during the founding phase of Niederaltaich Monastery in the eighth century. During the first clearing period, which lasted one and a half centuries, numerous localities were created in Lallinger Winkel. The monastery used the favorable climatic conditions for fruit growing and had the settlers cultivate apples, pears and peaches.

In the years 1861 to 1904 Lalling was the seat of a district fruit tree nursery. The Lallinger Winkel has been shaped by fruit growing to this day and is therefore called the Bavarian Forest fruit bowl . Traditional orchards are cultivated on orchards in the many small villages . The fruit growing initiative in 2000 led to the planting of thousands of standard fruit trees and the establishment of the freely accessible orchard adventure garden in Panholling, Hunding municipality. Fruit growing in the Lallinger Winkel is particularly important for tourists when the trees are in bloom and harvest. Also known is the Lallinger Schneeglöckerlwiese with the spring knot flower , which is otherwise not found wild in the area .

Natural structure

In the work on the manual of the natural spatial structure of Germany , the Lallinger Winkel was proclaimed as one (407) of ten main units of the main unit group 40 Upper Palatinate-Bavarian Forest . In 1967 this unit was then further subdivided in the refinement 1: 200,000 on sheet 174 Straubing :

Partial landscapes

Only Lalling and Hunding are in the Lallinger Winkel in the narrower sense . To the west, at the southern foot of the Hausstein (917 m), there is the much larger area of ​​the Schauflinger Berge with Schaufling in the north, the southeast of Deggendorf in the northwest, Auerbach in the eastern south and northern parts of the municipality of Hengersberg in the southwest. To the south-east of the Schauflinger Berge and south of the Lallinger area, the small Grattersdorfer Bergfuß around Grattersdorf forms the south-west framing of the 1015 m high Sonnenwald on the Brotjacklriegel .

At the foot of the mountain, the Schöllnacher Hügelland, which is larger in terms of area, connects to the southeast, with Schöllnach in the north, Ausernzell in the western center and Eging (Passau district) in the east.

In this hilly landscape, which is geologically attributable to the Bohemian Massif and where gneisses and granites are present, the tertiary Schwanenkirchen Bay pushes itself from the southwest , that to the north from the Schauflinger Mountains, to the northeast from the Grattersdorfer Bergfuß, to the southeast from the Schöllnacher Hügelland and to the south is framed by the northern heights of the Danube . In the northwest of the bay is Hengersberg , in the southern center the eponymous district of Schwanenkirchen and in the extreme south Iggensbach .

Geologically, this landscape is an extension of the Tertiary hill country that has migrated over the Danube , but which extends much further to the east than the natural area of Schwanenkirchen Bay , which is delimited on sheet 174 Straubing , see Fig. u.

Structure according to LfU and delimitation according to BfN

The Bavarian State Office for the Environment (LfU) combines these landscapes into two, although it is not clear why at least three have not remained:

The Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN) shows only 162 km² in its landscape profile for the Lallinger Winkel. This is due to the fact that BfN assigns the southeast of the landscape with Iggensbach, Ausserzell and Eging to the landscape "Passauer Abteiland -Südteil". A substantive reason for this rearrangement is not apparent.

To delimit the tertiary bay

In geology, the term Hengersberger Bucht is more common than Schwanenkirchener Bucht. There are also authors who compare the Schwanenkirchen Bay with the Schöllnach Bay more or less synonymously with the Schöllnach hill country.

Sheet 174 Straubing draws the border between the Schauflinger Berge and Schwanenkirchener Bucht in an arc that is open to the south over the south of Auerbach. LfU on the other hand draws the border from the north of Hengersberg along roads to the east. Both boundaries are more or less arbitrary, with sheet 174 at least based on the elevation of the terrain and excluding hills above 400 m from the bay. A border that is really coherent in itself can only be that between the basement rocks of the Bavarian Forest and the tertiary and quaternary of the bay. This would be more winding and would be roughly between the two boundaries. Such a demarcation would also be conclusive insofar as in the sub-units of 407.1, if one sees from the floodplain of the Hengersberger Ohe at and above Auerbach and from the area around Deggenau in the west, only rocks from the basement are to be found. And the border between the Schöllnach hill country and the Danube rim heights also follows the rock boundary.

Tertiary rocks ("lignite tertiary") can be found far into the Schöllnach hill country; for example on the western slope of the mountain range between Iggensbach and Ausernzell and on the southwest slope of the range of hills northeast of Ausernzell (nature reserve Zeller Holz ). In the north-west, on the other hand, there are lignite tertiary rocks to the north-west and east of Schwarzach , well outside of the boundary drawn by LfU and partly outside that of sheet 174 . About half of the natural area designated as the Schöllnach hill country belongs to the Tertiary Bay or bears Quaternary rocks. The typical mountain foot with bedrock remains the area around Eging ( Eginger mountain foot ) with granites from the Permian (" Fürstensteiner Pluton") of the Dreiburgenland and the mountain range northeast of Schöllnach ( Schöllnacher or Wiesenberger mountain foot ) with pearl gneisses from the Silurian .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Natural areas of the main unit group 40 in the Bavaria Atlas of the Bavarian State Government -  Upper Palatinate-Bavarian Forest ( notes )
  2. ^ A b Willi Czajka , Hans-Jürgen Klink: Geographical land survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 174 Straubing. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1967. →  Online map (PDF; 4.3 MB)
  3. ^ Emil Meynen , Josef Schmithüsen (Ed.): Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany . Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Remagen / Bad Godesberg 1953–1962 (9 deliveries in 8 books, updated map 1: 1,000,000 with main units 1960).
  4. ↑ Lallinger Winkel landscape profile from the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  5. ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  6. ↑ a b GeoViewer of the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Raw Materials ( information )
  7. ↑ See Walentowski and Scheuerer under the web links.
  8. ↑ See GK 25 or the gray line in the web link to BayernAtlas, main unit group 40.
  9. ↑ a b c GK 25, sheets 7143 Deggendirf, 7144 Lalling, 7145 Schöfweg, 7244 Osterhofen, 7245 Schöllnach; Can be activated in the BayernAtlas (see web links)
  10. ↑ GeoViewer of the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Raw Materials ( information )
  11. ↑ Wiesenberg is already halfway in the Upper Bavarian Forest, but Kollmering cannot be named as a district of Eging is called that.