Front Bavarian Forest

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Front Bavarian Forest
surface 382.23 km²
Systematics according to Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany
Main unit group 40 →
Upper Palatinate-Bavarian Forest
4th order region
(main unit)		 405 →
Front Bavarian Forest
Natural area characteristics
Landscape type Low mountain range
Highest peak Einödriegel ( 1121  m )
Geographical location
Coordinates 48 ° 55 '41.1 "  N , 13 ° 1' 40"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 55 '41.1 "  N , 13 ° 1' 40"  E
Upper Bavarian Forest (Bavaria)
Front Bavarian Forest
Location of the Bavarian Forest
state Bavaria
View to Vogelsang

The Vordere Bayerischer Wald is a 50 km long, unevenly structured, high-montane (up to 1121 m) part of the Bavarian Forest between Deggendorf in the central south, Zenting in the southeast and Viechtach in the west north. It is the part of the Bavarian Forest that was called the “Bavarian Forest” in much earlier times - when the ridge mountains on the border with the Czech Republic - as in Austria still today - were called the Bohemian Forest across all states.

term

Topography of the Bavarian Forest

In older geographic and regional literature, the term referred to the entire southern mountain range of the Bavarian / Bohemian basement between the Danube and the Regen from the Keilbergsenke near Regensburg to the German-Austrian border near Passau . Bernhard Grueber and Adalbert Müller described it in 1846 as an outer forest , " called the rain mountains by geographers ". Others chose the name Danube Mountains instead .

Often this area was even equated with the Bavarian Forest and contrasted with the Bohemian Forest . Beer spoke in his work Der Böhmerwald and Bavarian Forest 1925 of a "respectable model of the Bohemian Forest". Even today, the foothills alone bear the name Bavarian Forest on many maps .

In 1951, however, the Office for Regional Studies identified this area as the Front Bavarian Forest and separated its central bulge zone under the name of the High Bavarian Forest . As part of the regional structure of Germany, the term Vorderer Bayerischer Wald was even limited to this area, which covers around 380 km² and only includes the higher elevations of the foothills. Today it belongs as main unit 405 to the natural space main unit group Upper Palatinate-Bavarian Forest (40).

Regardless of this, the part designated in regional studies as Falkensteiner Vorwald also uses the designation “Vorderer Bayerischer Wald” in terms of tourism. However, the following description is based on the regional structure.

description

The zone delimited as a natural space is only eight kilometers wide on average. It runs in a typical Hercynian direction from southeast to northwest between the Danube rim break in the south and the pile in the north.

The low mountain range consists mainly of granitized gneisses and reaches heights of over a thousand meters. The highest point is the Einödriegel at 1121 meters. Other important surveys are Pröller , Hirschenstein , Vogelsang , Dreitannenriegel , Breitenauriegel , Geißkopf and Brotjacklriegel .

The mountainous area is mainly characterized by forests as well as agriculture and forestry. The winter sports resort of Sankt Englmar is located at the foot of the Pröller , and winter sports are also important on the Kalteck , near Langfurth and on the Geißkopf and Einödriegel. The communities Gotteszell , Grafling , Schöfweg and Zenting are also located in the Upper Bavarian Forest . On the Rusel , the state road 2135 crosses the mountain range, while the federal road 11 , which originally led over the Rusel, now bypasses this pass and instead follows the forest railway along the Bogenbach. The railway line also overcomes the Upper Bavarian Forest near Gotteszell, but requires the 569-meter-long Hochbühl tunnel.

Natural structure

In the work on the handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany , the Front Bavarian Forest was proclaimed as the main unit, in the following refinements 1: 200,000 on sheet 174 Straubing (1967) and sheet 165/166 Cham (1973) this main unit was divided into the following sub-units ( Unless otherwise stated, all information comes from the Straubing sheet, which covers the greater part of the landscape):

Structure of the mountain range

The heights of the notches indicate that the Graflinger Pass depression with the federal road 11 and the Bavarian Forest Railway from Grafling in the south to Gotteszell in the north represents the deepest cutting line within the mountain range. Nevertheless, the Vogelsangwald west of the same is geomorphologically very similar to the Riegelberge to the east of it with its silts grazing in north-south direction with perched peaks - whereby the Vogelsangwald is only one reed with a hilltop height decreasing to the south (Vogelsang 1022 m, Butzen 775 m, Hinterberg 666 m). While the mountain ranges south-east of the less deep Ruselsenke with the St 2135 from Deggendorf in the south-west to the somewhat distant rain in the north-east are clearly more disordered.

The division of the northwest part of 943.0 into Leopoldswald and Haussteinberge does not really seem justified; It is basically a ridge built very symmetrically in a west-east direction with the Dattinger Berg in the center and two district roads that separate a west wing with the Hausstein (DEG 25) and an east wing with the Fürberg (DEG 23).

The dividing line on the Allhartsmais depression passed by the B 533 federal road , which leaves only a narrow corridor between the Leopold Forest and the Sonnenwald, is more drastic within the eastern section unit 943.0 . The Ranfelder Bergland, on the other hand, is a very small southern branch of the Sonnenwald, separated by the St 2322 to Zenting , which is also only connected to it by a narrow corridor, but consists of only one really independent mountain and two additional small peaks, which at 553 and 521 m height actually fall below the low mountain range and could also have been attributed to the submontane Lallinger Winkel . BfN even subdivides the entire unit 405.00 into the "Passauer Abteiland -Northteil" landscape, whereby according to the actual breakdown, the southern part of the mountain precisely separates the Lallinger Winkel (407) in the west from the compartment (408) in the east (and for the "Winkel") -Form is responsible).

The Kalteckpass is passed in a north-south direction from the district road REG 11 / DEG 3. From a purely geomorphological and topographical point of view, the Klinglbach depression also follows this direction. From the north, accompanied by the SR 37, it follows the Klinglbach upstream and reaches the watershed in the hamlet of Grün . To the south, this depression continues downstream on the Obermühlbach and from Grün is also accompanied by the St 2139 in the direction of Neukirchen . The natural spatial structure here, however, tends to follow aspects of settlement geography and continues the depression from Grün over the opposite direction of the state road to Sankt Englmar in the east, the largest place completely inside the main unit, and only from there the SR 21 curves to the south consequences. Paradoxically, this means that the 880 m high Kapellenberg in the west is assigned to the community of the valley or the Elisabethszeller mountains, although it is actually a southern branch of the 1049 m high Pröller - the saddle is located at 853  m on the state road in the north-west of the community . In connection with the name “sink”, this clearly speaks in favor of adopting this on the south-facing part of the state road and only summarizing those mountains to the west of the Elisabethszeller Berge .

Structure according to LfU

The Bavarian State Office for the Environment (LfU) reduces the complex structure of the Straubing and Cham sheets to a pure three-part division:

The areas according to LfU correspond almost exactly to the boundaries of the two single sheets; the manual had no very precise limits because of its rough scale (1: 1,000,000). The Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN) has an area of ​​376 km², with the missing 6 km² exactly corresponding to the Ranfels mountainous area, which is not included there.

literature

  • Ulrich Pietrusky, Donatus Moosauer: The Bavarian Forest - rediscovered in flight , Morsak Verlag, Grafenau, 1985, ISBN 3-87553-228-7 .

Web links

Wikivoyage: Upper Bavarian Forest  - Travel Guide

proof

  1. ↑ a b Natural areas of the main unit group 40 in the Bavaria Atlas of the Bavarian State Government -  Upper Palatinate-Bavarian Forest ( notes )
  2. ↑ Bernhard Grueber, Adalbert Müller: Der Bavarian Forest (Böhmerwald) , 1846, Reprint 1993, p. 8.
  3. ↑ K. Beer: The Bohemian Forest and Bavarian Forest , Monographs on Geography, Vol. 34, Bielefeld 1925, p. 4.
  4. ↑ http://img226.imagevenue.com/img.php?image=22491_B01_122_461lo.jpg
  5. ↑ A. Schramm: What is the name of our home mountains? , in: Der Bayerwald , 1952, pp. 140-143.
  6. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from December 28, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.vorderer-bayerischer-wald.de
  7. ^ Emil Meynen , Josef Schmithüsen (Ed.): Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany . Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Remagen / Bad Godesberg 1953–1962 (9 deliveries in 8 books, updated map 1: 1,000,000 with main units 1960).
  8. ↑ a b c d e f Willi Czajka , Hans-Jürgen Klink: Geographical land survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 174 Straubing. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1967. →  Online map (PDF; 4.3 MB)
  9. ↑ a b c Klaus Müller-Hohenstein: Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 165/166 Cham. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1973. →  Online map (PDF; 4.4 MB)
  10. ↑ This 1015 are displayed on TK 250 ; according to TK 25 there are only 1011.
  11. ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  12. ↑ Landscape profile of the Bavarian Forest of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )