Lambert Krahe

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Lambert Krahe, portrait (oil on canvas) by Erik Pauelsen , 1781

Wilhelm Lambert Krahe (born March 15, 1712 in Düsseldorf ; † February 11, 1790 ibid) was a German painter , art collector and art teacher.

Life

Aloisius Altar in the Mannheim Jesuit Church

Born as the son of the electoral clerk Antonius Krahe (1676– ~ 1724) in Düsseldorf, Krahe stayed in Rome since 1737, initially in the wake of his patron, the imperial envoy Ferdinand von Plettenberg . In the "Eternal City" he trained as an artist with Anton Raphael Mengs under Marco Benefial , and further under Pierre Subleyras . Also worked as an art agent. He also began to build up his extensive art collection . From 1749 Krahe was sponsored by Elector Carl Theodor von der Pfalz , on whose behalf he made altarpieces in 1752 painted for the Jesuit Church in Mannheim . From 1756 he headed the Düsseldorf Gemäldegalerie , as the successor to the gallery director Johann Wilhelm Karsch, who died in 1755, son of the painter and gallery director Gerhard Joseph Karsch, who died in 1753. The art-loving Cardinal Alessandro Albani had recommended him to the elector for this purpose; according to other information, he was recommended by Cardinal Silvio Valenti Gonzaga (1690-1756). The elector later called him to reorganize the picture galleries in Mannheim and Munich . In 1761/62 he received the order for a ceiling painting in the library hall and others for the ballrooms in Benrath Palace . In the same year 1762 he opened a private drawing school . This had been housed in the unused foundry of the sculptor Gabriel de Grupello on the market square since 1766 . In 1769, at the instigation of the governor Johann Ludwig Franz von Goltstein , Krahe had to leave the Grupello house and move into the rooms of the former Bongard arms workshop above the electoral stables in Mühlenstrasse. From the Krahe'schen drawing school emerged in 1773 the Düsseldorf Art Academy founded by the Elector Carl Theodor , whose first director was Krahe. Five years later, Krahe sold his art collection to the Bergisch estates . It now served as study material for the academy students. In 1782, Elector Carl Theodor left part of the Hondheimschen Palais , the former War Commissariat, to the academy on the corner of Hafenstrasse and Commissariatsstrasse (later Akademiestrasse).

In the last years of his life, Lambert Krahe was prevented from practicing his art due to an eye disease. He died on February 11, 1790 in Düsseldorf.

Krahe's son was the early classicist architect Peter Joseph Krahe . The Bavarian court painter Moritz Kellerhoven learned the art of painting from Lambert Krahe. The Palatinate court painter Johann Wilhelm Hoffnas and Aloys Cornelius , the father of Peter von Cornelius , were his students.

plant

Krahe's collection, which is extraordinary in scope and content, includes around 15,000 drawings and over 22,000 prints from the 15th to 19th centuries and is now one of the world's most important collections of Baroque drawings . Since 1932 it has been on permanent loan from the Düsseldorf Art Academy in the Museum Kunstpalast in Düsseldorf; The Wallraf-Richartz-Museum in Cologne and the Louvre keep smaller bundles . The heart of the collection is Italian graphics, including works by Raffael , Michelangelo and Paolo Veronese , but above all larger complexes by artists such as Gian Lorenzo Bernini , Pietro da Cortona and Giuseppe Passeri . German and Dutch artists of the 16th and 17th centuries are also represented, including Albrecht Altdorfer and Peter Paul Rubens . For the French 17th and 18th centuries, Nicolas Poussin , Jean Charles Frontiers and Gaspard Dughet should be mentioned. The highlights of Krahe's printmaking collection include Dürer's woodcut and copperplate series , copperplate engravings by Martin Schongauer and Rembrandt's etchings . With the founding of the Düsseldorf drawing school and the considerable collection of drawings, graphics, books and plaster casts, Krahe is not only considered the founder of the Düsseldorf Art Academy , but also - after Elector Johann Wilhelm von der Pfalz - the "second founder of Düsseldorf's reputation as an art city".

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lambert Krahe and the Düsseldorf Art Academy , article in the smkp.de portal of the Museum Kunstpalast , accessed on June 24, 2013.
  2. ^ Ekkehard Mai : The Düsseldorf Art Academy in the 19th Century - Cornelius, Schadow and the consequences. In: Gerhard Kurz (Hrsg.): Düsseldorf in the German intellectual history. Schwann-Bagel Verlag, Düsseldorf 1984, ISBN 3-590-30244-5 , p. 201.
  3. ^ Klaus Müller: Under Palatinate-Neuburgian and Palatinate-Bavarian rule. In: Hugo Weidenhaupt (Ed.): Düsseldorf. History from the origins to the 20th century. Schwann in Patmos Verlag, Düsseldorf 1988, ISBN 3-491-34222-8 , p. 267.
  4. ↑ Johann Georg von Vierbahn, in: Topography of the administrative district of Düsseldorf, first part. 1836, p. 284.
  5. ↑ Heinz Peters: Wilhelm Lambert Krahe and the founding of the art academy in Düsseldorf , in Eduard Trier (ed.): Two hundred years of art academy , Schwann, Düsseldorf, 1973
  6. ^ Viktor Carl: Lexicon of Palatinate Personalities. Hennig Verlag, Edenkoben 2004, ISBN 3-9804668-5-X , p. 376.
  7. ^ Bertram Müller: Lambert Krahe's nose for art . Article from April 12, 2013 in the portal rp-online.de , accessed on April 12, 2013.
  8. ^ Ekkehard Mai: The Düsseldorf Art Academy in the 19th Century - Cornelius, Schadow and the consequences . In: Gerhard Kurz (Hrsg.): Düsseldorf in the German intellectual history . Schwann-Bagel Verlag, Düsseldorf 1984, ISBN 3-590-30244-5 , p. 202 f.

literature

  • Moritz Blanckarts :  Krahe, Lambert . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 17, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1883, p. 22 f.
  • Dieter Graf:  Krahe, Lambert. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 12, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1980, ISBN 3-428-00193-1 , p. 657 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Lambert Krahe library: art literature of the baroque and classicism; an exhibition at the University Library Düsseldorf , November 14, 1990 - January 12, 1991 . Düsseldorf 1990 ( digitized version ).
  • Kunibert Bering (Ed.): Lambert Krahe (1712-1790). Painter - collector - founder of the academy. (= Artificium - writings on art and art education. Volume 43). Athena-Verlag, Oberhausen 2013, ISBN 978-3-89896-531-6 .
  • Heidrun Rosenberg: Lambert Krahe - a biographical sketch . In: Sonja Brink (Ed.): Academy - Collection - Krahe. An artist collection for artists . Exhibition catalog, Düsseldorf 2013, pp. 38–75 ( PDF ).

Web links

Commons : Lambert Krahe  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Krahe, Lambert
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Krahe, Johann Lambert; Krahe, Wilhelm L .; Krahe, Johann L .; Krahe, L.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter and art collector
DATE OF BIRTH March 15, 1712
PLACE OF BIRTH Dusseldorf
DATE OF DEATH February 11, 1790
Place of death Dusseldorf