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Country arena approx
Landarenca coat of arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : canton of Grisonscanton of Grisons Graubünden (GR)
Region : Moesa
Political community : Calancai2
Postal code : 6545
former BFS no. : 3801
Coordinates : 728.8 thousand  /  131000 coordinates: 46 ° 19 '5 "  N , 9 ° 6' 40"  O ; CH1903:  728,800  /  131000
Height : 1272  m above sea level M.
Residents: 15 (2012)
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Country arena approx

Country arena approx

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Landarenca (Switzerland)
Country arena approx
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Parish before the merger on January 1, 1980

Landarenca is a fraction of the political municipality of Calanca in the former Calanca district in the Moesa district of the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland .

geography

Landarenca lies at an altitude of 1272 m above sea level. M. in the lower part of the Calancatals on a small terrace high above the right bank of the river Calancasca and at the east foot of the Pizzo Mottone; 22 km north of the Bellinzona station of the Swiss Federal Railways .

history

The village is first mentioned in 1529 under the then name Lan Darencha . Landarenca was created because modern alpine farming required a community. This led to the scattered farm settlements being given up and living together in one village. The community in the villages is considered to be the root of grassroots democratic life. Since the Calanca Valley joined the protection alliance of the Gray League in 1496 and the ransom from Count Gian Giacomo Trivulzio from Milan , Landarenca has been autonomously administered by the population, as the former community meeting place in front of the church with the stone table testifies.

Community merger

In 1980 the previously independent municipality of Landarenca merged with Arvigo . Before that, it was considered the smallest municipality in Switzerland for a long time.

coat of arms

Description : Divided by gold and red, floating equal-armed red cross in gold , three golden balls in red, 2, 1. The coat of arms figures are the symbols of the church patron: the cross in the upper part of the coat of arms reminds of Saint Bernard of Clairvaux , while the three balls in the lower part are the attribute of Saint Nicholas . The colors of the coat of arms refer to the noble family of Sax .

population

Population development
year 1773 1850 1900 1950 1970 1990 2012
Residents 117 71 72 37 20th 14th 15th

Attractions

Landarenca was built from the southern part of the village, which is protected from the rough north winds. Up until the 20th century, a spring was provided with a wash basin and animal trough. The former poor house is also in the south corner. The houses are arranged radially around the church of SS. Bernardo and Nicolao (first mentioned in 1529). Originally, the houses were always built along the slope for structural and climatic reasons.

In Landarenca there are still individual stone roofs made of reading stones , as evidence of a craft that has now died out. The traditional wooden crosses in the cemetery are supposed to symbolize equality after death and at the same time no marble had to be carried up from the valley. By the stream in the north of the village stood the mill where the rye grown in the village was ground.

The small shooting range in the village was built with a donation from Batista Margna , the rifle king of the first Federal Shooting Festival in Aarau in 1849. In 1968 Landarenca was the second Graubünden municipality to grant women the right to vote.

economy

Today there is only one farm left in Landarenca. Here, too, the decline in agriculture means that the land that has been cultivated over centuries is lost and is overgrown by hazel, alder bushes and forest trees. The rest of the working population commute to Bellinzona.

Transport and tourism

Since every village in Graubünden has the right to public access, the people of Landarenca decided to use a cable car instead of a road. This was put into operation in 1962 and converted into a fully automatic cable car with 24-hour operation in 2004. The cable car brought about profound changes. While potatoes used to be grown so you didn't have to carry them up on your back, it was now easier to buy them in the valley.

Thanks to the cable car, Landarenca is probably the only truly car-free Swiss village. Landarenca can be reached from Selma on foot in 40 minutes on a narrow mule track . It is the starting point for numerous hikes in the Calanca valley and for crossings into the Ticino Rivieratal .

There is a restaurant in the village and the landlord also runs the hostel, which was set up in the former school and community building.

Personalities

  • Reto Rigassi (born September 13, 1951 in Basel ) (town Landarenca), painter, photographer

gallery

  • Landarenca, cemetery

  • historic parish square with stone table for superiors

  • Hostel, former school and community center

  • Stone roof with reading stones and hag against goats

  • Student from 1913

literature

  • Edoardo Agustoni: Guida all'arte della Calanca. Casagrande, Bellinzona 2005, p. 66 f.
  • Simona Martinoli and others: Guida d'arte della Svizzera italiana. Edizioni Casagrande, Bellinzona 2007, p. 518.
  • Erwin Poeschel : The Art Monuments of the Canton of Graubünden, Volume VI: The Italian Graubünden valleys of Puschlav, Misox and Calanca. (= Art Monuments of Switzerland. Volume 17). Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 1945, ISBN 978-3-906131-55-9 .
  • Cesare Santi: Landarenca. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . December 14, 2016 .

Web links

Commons : Landarenca  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cesare Santi: Landarenca. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . December 14, 2016 .
  2. ↑ Claudio Guarda: Reto Rigassi. In: Sikart (status: 2007) , accessed January 11, 2016.