Landwehr (Wachau)
The Landwehr (formerly called Lampers Wald , Lampertswald or Lampertsholz ) is a 300 hectare forest area between Radeberg and the Wachau districts of Feldschlößchen and Leppersdorf in Saxony . The highest point is the Spitzberg. Part of the FFH protected area of the Kleine Röder and Orla river system is located in the Landwehr area. A storm on Whit Monday 2010 destroyed large parts of the forest area. The Radeberger Rundwanderweg runs through the Landwehr.
history
A document from 1378, which describes Leppersdorf's affiliation with castrum Radeberg , mentions the forest area in writing for the first time. Already on the so-called Ur-Oeder map, the first Chursächsischen land survey by the cartographer Matthias Oeder from the 16th century, the forest area is listed as the Landtwehr Von Schönfeldt . The name ... Von Schönfeldt refers to the owners of the forest area at that time, the von Schönfeld family , who also owned the manor and Wachau castle.
The Topographical Atlas of the Kingdom of Saxony (1841–1843) by Jacob AH Oberreit describes the Landwehr as "Lampers Forest or the Landwehr". In addition to the forest, Oberreit also describes several loam and clay pits in this area, which supplied the surrounding brickworks . In the 19th century, the forest area was owned by the Wachau manor . The agricultural reformer and author Heinrich August Blochmann , who acquired this manor in 1841, described the forest at that time as being mainly overgrown with coniferous trees such as spruce , pine and fir . There were also larches and deciduous trees such as oak , beech , alder and birch . Until the 20th century, the area was also known as Lampertswald or Lampertsholz.
In 1904, the local historian Friedrich Bernhard Störzner wrote in his book Was die Heimat seine ( What the homeland tells) that the name Lampertswald probably goes back to a settler named Lampert or Lamprecht , who was the first to settle in this forest. This settler also gave its name to the village of Lampertswalde , which arose in the forest as more and more people settled there. During the Hussite Wars in the first half of the 15th century, Lampertswalde was plundered and devastated. The surviving inhabitants gave up the place and the village became a desert . A local legend tells that on full moon nights the huts and the village fountain rise from the forest floor and you can watch men, women and children doing their everyday activities as if the village had never disappeared. In addition to Lampertswalde, there is said to have been another settlement called Hilgersdorf in the Lampertswald, which was also abandoned by its residents and became deserted. The name of this village has been passed down in the vernacular. The wet meadows to the northeast of the Spitzberg in the direction of Leppersdorf are still shown on maps from the 19th century as Hilgerswiesen .
Flora and fauna
Most of the landwehr consists of mixed oak and beech forest. Most numerous occurring tree species are beech , stalk and sessile oak , spruce and pine . Larches and red oaks are less common . Birch trees and maples grow on the edges of the forest and in clearings . Blackberries and blueberries can be found in the herb layer in many parts of the forest . Some western areas of the Landwehr are pure conifer stands.
Among the most important wildlife in the forest area include deer , wild boar , foxes and hares . Wood mice can often be found in the undergrowth. Chaffinches , great spotted woodpeckers and nuthatches can be found in the bird world of the Landwehr .
In the north-eastern part of the Landwehr area there is an extension of the protected area of the Kleine Röder and Orla river system , a protected area of the European Natura 2000 network . The FFH area in the area of the Landwehr is designated as a habitat area for the otters worthy of protection.
Waters
The largest body of water in the Landwehr area today is the approximately one hectare Landwehr pond belonging to the Wachau corridor. This is fed from the 2 source streams of the Orla , which arise on the northern edge of the Landwehr. The pond is located north of the forest area between the Wachauer Hauptstrasse ( district road K 9253 ) and the Landwehrweg southeast of Wachau. There are isolated older deciduous trees around the water, the bank area and flat sections are overgrown with reeds .
The Landwehrbach rises in the south-west of the forest area and feeds some smaller artificial ponds near the Jägerwiesen . To the southwest of the Friedrichstal settlement , the Landwehrbach joins the Hofegrundbach coming from Heinrichsthal (popularly known as the Käsebach because of its headwaters ). The combined water then flows through the Hofe-Wiesen , which formerly belonged to the Radeberg Office, under the name Hofegrundbach through the Radeberger Wiesental , feeds the castle pond and flows into the Große Röder immediately afterwards . As early as the 17th century, the Hofegrundbach in the area of today's Wiesental was dammed into an approximately 2-hectare pond with several barrages , which was also called the Landwehrteich (also called Lamper pond in later maps ). In the second half of the 19th century, this Landwehr pond was filled, one of the upper barrages was preserved.
In the 18th century, this Landwehr pond, located south of the Landwehr, was leased to the Radeberg bailiff Ernst Ludwig Langbein, the father of the writer August Friedrich Ernst Langbein , along with other bodies of water in the area .
The Kleine Röder , coming from Lichtenberg , runs along the northeastern edge of the Landwehr and continues in an arc to the north. There are also several springs and smaller streams in the forest area . The forest area of the Landwehr is thus drained both to the north (Orla, Kleine Röder) and to the south (Landwehrbach, Hofegrundbach). The western part of the Landwehr is drained south of Feldschlösschen over the Tannengrundbach through the Augustusbad directly into the Große Röder.
Spitzberg
The highest elevation in the Landwehr is the Spitzberg with a current height of 292.8 meters above sea level. HN . The Radeberg gravel pit is located in the south-western area of the mountain . As a result of the gravel mining, the Spitzberg has its former characteristic cone shape and original height of 297 meters above sea level. HN lost. This open-cast mining area and the agriculturally used slopes south and southwest of the mountain are considered to be particularly at risk from water erosion . As a result, the Spitzberg is classified as a deficit area with poor landscape quality.
Severe weather event 2010
In May 2010, the so-called tornado on Whit Monday caused considerable damage to the Landwehr. Coming from the direction of Wachau and the Seifersdorfer Tal , the storm moved in the direction of Kleinröhrsdorf and devastated large areas of the Landwehr. The destroyed sections were not accessible for several weeks. Some paths were only released again in September 2010. New clearing vegetation developed in the largely treeless areas created by the tornado . Plants such as blackberries , blueberries and goldenrod were found in the herbaceous and shrub layer . Birch, larch and pine trees grew as pioneering tree species . In the following year, extensive reforestation work began in the affected areas. The official press conference of the Sachsenforst state enterprise for the start of the state-wide reforestation work as part of the Saxon Forest Weeks took place on April 14, 2011 in the Landwehr.
Others
The term Landwehr is used for several street names in the area. In Wachau and in the Feldschlößchen district there is a Landwehrweg , the district road K 9254 is called Zur Landwehr in the Leppersdorf district . In Radeberg, a path and a garden section bear the name Landwehrweg .
The field areas and open spaces between the Landwehr and the outskirts of Radeberg are declared as regional green corridors for the purpose of maintaining a species protection and biotope network .
literature
- Dresdner Heide, Pillnitz, Radeberger Land (= values of our homeland . Volume 27). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1976, p. 63ff.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Overview map of the FFH protected area 142 - river system Kleine Röder and Orla. (PDF; 964 kB) Retrieved June 20, 2013 .
- ^ Hanns Frank: Brochure School and Home Festival 1958 . From the notes of Reingard Erler. 1958 ( online ).
- ↑ Topographical Atlas of the Kingdom of Saxony (so-called Oberreit'scher Atlas) in the Deutsche Fotothek. Retrieved June 25, 2013 .
- ^ Heinrich August Blochmann: The manor and village of Wachau, in historical, statistical and agricultural relation . 1845 ( Google Books ).
- ↑ Friedrich Bernhard Störzner: What the home tells . Legends, historical images and memorable events from Saxony. Contributions to Saxon folklore and local history. Verlag Arwed Strauch, Leipzig 1904, p. 41–44 ( What the homeland tells on Wikisource ).
- ^ German photo library: Miles sheets of Saxony. Retrieved on September 30, 2018 (The Hilgerswiesen an der Landwehr).
- ↑ Description: The city of Radeberg Weichbild / [Samuel Nienborg]. - [Sl], [around 1665]. - 1 plan. Deutsche Fotothek, accessed on November 5, 2018 .
- ↑ Thank God Immanuel Merkel, Karl August Engelhardt: Earth description of Electoral Saxony and the countries now belonging to it . Volume 4. Verlag Merkel, 1805, p. 97 ( Google Books ).
- ↑ a b Explanatory report on the landscape plan of the city of Radeberg and its districts. (PDF; 2.6 MB) p. 14 , accessed on November 14, 2013 .
- ↑ Analysis of the tornado situation on Whit Monday 2010. Meteomedia Severe Weather Center , accessed on July 2, 2013 (Fig. 9 shows destruction in the Landwehr area).
- ^ The destructive power of tornadoes in Germany. Retrieved on July 2, 2013 (photo of the storm damage in the Landwehr).
- ↑ Media information Sächsische Waldwochen 2011. (PDF; 35 kB) (No longer available online.) Staatsbetrieb Sachsenforst, archived from the original on March 31, 2014 ; Retrieved July 2, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Coordinates: 51 ° 8 ′ 26.9 ″ N , 13 ° 56 ′ 5.5 ″ E