Lipowa (Nysa)

Lipowa Lindewiese
	Lipowa Lindewiese
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Opole
Powiat :	Nyski
Gmina :	Nysa
Area :	10.34  km²
Geographic location :	50 ° 24 '  N , 17 ° 28'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 24 '0 "  N , 17 ° 28' 10"  E
Height :	260 m npm
Residents :	446 (Dec. 31, 2018)
Postal code :	48-303
Telephone code :	(+48) 77
License plate :	ONY
Economy and Transport
Next international airport :	Wroclaw

View of the village with a view of St. Catherine's Church

Lipowa (German Lindewiese ) is a village in Silesia . Lipowa belongs to the city of Nysa (Neisse) in the Polish powiat Nyski (Neisse), Opole (Opole) voivodeship .

geography

Geographical location

The village of Lipowa is located in the southwest of the historical region of Upper Silesia . The place is about 15 kilometers southeast of the municipality and the district town of Nysa and about 54 kilometers southwest of the voivodeship capital Opole .

Lipowa lies in the Nizina Śląska (Silesian Plain) within the Płaskowyż Głubczycki (Leobschützer Loesshügelland) . The place is on the Steinau ( Ścinawa Niemodlińska ). Until 1945 the village was on the border with the Neustadt OS district

Neighboring places

Neighboring towns of Lipowa are Gryżów ( Greisau ) in the east, Mieszkowice ( Dittmannsdorf ) in the south-east, Stary Las ( Altewalde ) in the south-west and Wierzbięcice ( Oppersdorf ) in the north-west .

history

Postcard from the 1930s

Duke Bolislaw "the Tall One" founded in 12./13. Century German colonies (including Lindewiese) independent of the Slavic settlements. The German settlers came from Franconia , Bavaria , Westphalia , Thuringia , Saxony and Flemings . The place was first mentioned as Lypa in 1262. In the border treaty between King Ottokar of Bohemia and Duke Wladislaus of Opole , Lypa is named as a village on the old Moravian border. In the work Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis from the years 1295-1305, the place is first mentioned as Lyndenweze . A document from 1335 mentions the Church of St. Catherine for the first time. Greisau belonged to the parish as a branch. During the 13./14. In the 19th century, the Slavic population was absorbed by the German population. During the 13th century, battles between the Silesian dukes and the bishops for sovereignty shaped the fortunes. In 1370 the place was mentioned as Lyndenweze .

The 15th century was dominated by the Hussite Wars , which affected Silesia as a neighboring country. As a result of these disputes, Lindewiese was occupied by the Hussites , like other towns and regions . After the fall of Hussite rule, the villages around Neisse had to provide army wagons with foot servants (1526). In 1588 the village of Lindewiese had to provide "7 men, 6 cans, 1 spit". After this time a period of peaceful and prosperous construction began.

The Thirty Years War (1618-1648) interrupted the economic and cultural development in Lindewiese. In 1627 the Neisser Land was occupied by the troops of Wallenstein (about 40,000 soldiers). The village population had to take care of them and became impoverished. Decades of reconstruction followed.

In 1729/1730 the church of St. Catherine, which still exists today, was built. The Silesian wars brought hardship and death again. On October 19, 1741, Frederick the Great crossed the town with his army. As a result of the Third Silesian War (1756–1763, between Prussia and Austria), the region around Lindewiese came under the Hubertusburg Peace to Prussia . As a result of the Prussian reform policy, combined with centuries of peace, Lindewiese prospered into the 20th century.

After the reorganization of the province of Silesia , the rural community Lindewiese belonged from 1816 to the district of Neisse in the administrative district of Opole . In 1845 there was a Catholic parish church, a Catholic school, a manor and 174 other houses in the village. In the same year, 1017 people lived in Lindewiese, four of them Protestants. In 1855 793 people lived in the village. In 1865 the place had a Scholtisei, 33 farms, 13 gardeners and 86 cottagers. The place also had 2 oil mills, a water mill and a windmill, a brewery, a distillery, 3 shopkeepers, 2 butchers, a baker, 5 shoemakers, a wheelwright, 2 carpenters, a cooper, 2 blacksmiths and 5 tailors. In 1874 the administrative district Lindewiese was founded, which consisted of the rural communities Greisau and Lindewiese and the manor districts Greisau and Lindewiese. In 1885 Lindewiese had 911 residents.

Memorial stone for the victims of the war at the church

In 1933 the district of Lindewiese was dissolved. The village was incorporated into the district of Oppersdorf . Lindewiese had 710 inhabitants in 1939. The time of National Socialism with persecution, oppression and acts of war also hit Lindewiese. Until 1945 the place was in the district of Neisse .

In 1945 the place came under Polish administration and was renamed Lipowa . In January 1946, the population of Lindewiese was expelled as a result of an Allied resolution . Displaced Poles from the former Eastern Poland were forced to settle in Lindewiese. In 1950 Lipowa came to the Opole Voivodeship.

As part of the policy of détente , the former residents of Lindewiese visited today's residents of Lipowa. A memorial stone for the victims of the war and its aftermath was erected in the Lipowa cemetery by the former residents and today's residents as a symbol of reconciliation and as a reminder for future generations. In 1999 the place came to the re-established Powiat Nyski .

economy

The economic situation is still characterized by agriculture and handicrafts. In particular, the cultivation of wheat, sugar beet, rape, flax, but also the timber industry, were decisive. Among other things, there was a sawmill, an oil mill, a grain mill, a carpenter's shop, a forge and a country inn in Lindewiese.

Attractions

• The Roman Catholic Church of St. Catherine (Polish Kościół pw. Św. Katarzyny Aleksandryjskiej ) was first mentioned in 1335. The current building was built between 1729 and 1730. The church building has been a listed building since 1950.
• The village cemetery is right next to the church. This has been a listed building since 1990.
• Memorial to the victims of World War II
• Stone wayside chapel
• Stone wayside cross

societies

• Football club LKS Skrzyczne Lipowa

Personalities

• Andrzej Zając (* 1956), cyclist

literature

• Jarczyk, Franz-Christian: The villages of the Neisse district Self-published by the Neisser Kultur- und Heimatbund e. V., Hildesheim 1882
• Kruhl, Josef (ed.): Lindewiese from the settlement to the expulsion. 48268 Greven 1990
• Kruhl, Josef (ed.): Lindewiese, history and stories from our home village. 48268 Greven 1990
• Fritsche, Heinz-Rudolf: Signpost through a forgotten land. Bechtermünz Verlag Augsburg 1996

Web links

Commons : Lipowa (Nysa)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Liczba mieszkańców w Gminie Nysa (Polish), Dec. 31, 2018, accessed on Nov. 25, 2019
2. ↑ Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis
3. ↑ ^{a b} Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, towns, cities and other places of the royal family. Preuss. Province of Silesia. Breslau 1845, p. 373.
4. ↑ Cf. Felix Triest: Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien. Breslau 1865, p. 991.
5. ^ ^{A b} Territorial administrative district Lindewiese / Oppersdorf
6. ↑ AGoFF circle Neisse
7. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Neisse district (Polish Nysa). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
8. ↑ ^{a b} Monument register of the Opole Voivodeship (Polish; PDF; 913 kB)