Biała Nyska
| Biała Nyska Bielau |
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Opole | ||
| Powiat : | Nysa | ||
| Gmina : | Nysa | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 26 ' N , 17 ° 18' E | ||
| Height : | 200 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 884 (June 30, 2015) | ||
| Postal code : | 48-351 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 77 | ||
| License plate : | ONY | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Nysa - Kałków | ||
| Next international airport : | Wroclaw | ||
Biala Nyska ( German Bielau ) is a village in the rural municipality of Nysa (Neisse) in Poland . It is located in the powiat Nyski (Neisse district) of the Opole Voivodeship .
geography
Geographical location
Biala Nyska is located in the southwest of the historical region of Upper Silesia . The place is about six kilometers southwest of the municipal seat and the district town Nysa and about 61 kilometers southwest of the voivodeship capital Opole .
To the west of the village flows the Freiwalder Biele , from which a mill ditch branches off and runs through the village. To the north of the village is the Jezioro Nyskie (Eng. Neiss reservoir ). The place is on a disused railway line of the former Neisser Kreisbahn .
Neighboring places
Neighboring places of Biala Nyska are in the north the municipality seat Nysa ( Neisse ), in the east Podkamień ( Steinhübel ), in the southwest Morów ( Mohrau ) and in the west Siestrzechowice ( Grunau ).
history
The place Bielau is mentioned for the first time in 1231 in two documents as "Bela". The place already had a Scholzen at that time; and Bishop Lorenz left the area to a Count Siegfried to implement it under German law. In 1284 Bielau was named among the 65 villages that Duke Heinrich IV reclaimed from Bishop Thomas II of Breslau because the Breslau bishops had laid out these places in the area of the ducal border forest during the settlement of the diocese . Bishop and Duke led a bitter dispute (church dispute 1282–1288), which came to an end with the duke's great church privilege in 1290. The privilege gave the bishop extensive sovereignty in the diocese; the 65 controversial villages remained episcopal. In 1377 the place was mentioned as Belaw . There is evidence of a scribe for 1592 who certainly held school.
After the First Silesian War in 1742, Bielau and most of the Principality of Neisse fell to Prussia .
When Neisse was besieged in the coalition wars in 1807 , the French General Vandamme moved his headquarters to Bielau Castle. After the reorganization of the province of Silesia , the rural community Bielau belonged to the district of Neisse in the administrative district of Opole from 1816 . In 1842 a new school building was built in the village. In 1845 there was a castle, a Catholic parish church, a Catholic school and 108 other houses in the village. In the same year, 900 people lived in Bielau, 53 of them Protestants. The manor (310 hectares ) had been owned by the von Falkenhausen family since 1851 . The manors Eilau, Mohrau and Steinhübel (a total of 875 hectares) also belonged to the Bielau rulership. In 1855, 938 people lived in Bielau. In 1865 the place had a Scholtisei, 15 farms, 41 gardeners and 39 cottagers as well as three paper mills, a distillery and a brewery. The Catholic two-class school was attended by 200 students in the same year. In 1874 the district of Bielau was founded, which consisted of the rural communities Bielau, Eilau, Mohrau, Preiland and Steinhübel and the manor districts of Bielau, Eilau, Mohrau, Preiland and Steinhübel. The first head of office was the landlord Lieutenant Baron Ernst von Falkenhausen. In 1885 Bielau had 1217 inhabitants. The Catholic parish church was rebuilt between 1892 and 1893.
In 1912 Bielau received a rail connection on the Neisse– Weidenau line from Neisser Kreisbahn AG . In 1933 there were 1169 people in Bielau. In 1937 there was a vet , a baker, two bicycle shops, a dye works, three butchers, three hairdressers, two inns, three general stores, a dairy , an oil mill , a sawmill , two locksmiths, a blacksmith , three tailors, two shoemakers, two carpenters and a savings and loan fund. In 1939 the place had 1157 inhabitants. Until 1945 the place was in the district of Neisse . When the Red Army marched into the village, large parts of the village were destroyed, including Bielau Castle.
After the Second World War , the village was placed under Polish administration as Biała Nyska and the remaining German population was expelled. In 1950 Biała Nyska came to the Opole Voivodeship. In 1999 the place came to the re-established Powiat Nyski within the urban and rural municipality of Nysa.
Population development
- 1784; 511 inhabitants, 71 campfire sites
- 1845: 900 inhabitants, 108 houses
- 1895: 1,362 inhabitants, 123 houses, 351 households
- 1939: 1157 inhabitants, 327 households
- 2007: 851 inhabitants
Attractions
- The Roman Catholic Church of the Apostles John (Polish Kościół św. Jana Ewangelisty ) was built between 1892 and 1893.
- Castle park of the former Bielau Castle
- The former castle gate has been preserved on the west side of the park.
- Memorial to the fallen Soviet soldiers
- Memorial to those who fell in World War II
- Commemorative plaque for Pope John Paul II.
- Reception building of the former train station - today a residential building
- Wayside cross
- Atonement Cross
societies
- LZS Biała Nyska football club
Personalities
- Joseph von Larisch (1777–1841), Prussian major general, owner of the Bielau estate
- Willy Bartsch (1905–1988), German politician (SPD)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Liczba mieszkańców w Gminie Nysa (Polish), June 30, 2015, accessed April 10, 2019
- ↑ a b Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, towns, cities and other places of the royal family. Preuss. Province of Silesia. Breslau 1845, p. 33.
- ↑ Cf. Felix Triest: Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien. Breslau 1865, p. 987.
- ^ Territorial district of Bielau
- ↑ AGoFF circle Neisse
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Neisse district (Polish Nysa). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Franz-Christian Jarczyk: The villages of the Neisse district. Hildesheim: Self-published by the Neisser Kultur- und Heimatbund . 1982. p. 37 f.
- ↑ As of December 31, 2007, website of the municipality of Nysa (BIP), Miasto i Gmina , accessed on March 18, 2011
Biała Nyska (Bielau) | Domaszkowice ( Knight's Forest ) | Głębinów (Glumpenau) | Goświnowice (Friedenthal-Großgiesmannsdorf) | Hajduki Nyskie (Heidau) | Hanuszów (Hannsdorf) | Iława (Eilau) | Jędrzychów (Heidersdorf) | Kępnica (German Kamitz) | Konradowa (Konradsdorf) | Koperniki (Köppernig) | Kubice (Kaundorf) | Lipowa (Lindewiese) | Morów (Mohrau) | Niwnica (nine) | Nysa (Neisse) | Podkamień (Steinhübel) | Przełęk (Preiland) | Radzikowice (Stephansdorf) | Regulice (Rieglitz) | Rusocin (Riemertsheide) | Sękowice (Sengwitz) | Siestrzechowice (Grunau) | Skorochów (Kohlsdorf) | Wierzbięcice (Oppersdorf) | Wyszków Śląski (Wischke) | Złotogłowice (Gross Neundorf)