List of Senate Members of the 12th United States Congress

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The senators in the 12th Congress of the United States were one-third in 1810 and 1811 re-elected. Before the 17th Amendment was passed in 1913, the Senate was not directly elected, but the Senators were appointed by the state parliaments. Each state elects two senators who belong to different classes . The term of office is six years, every two years one of the three classes is elected for the seats. Two thirds of the Senate therefore consists of senators whose term of office is still in force.

The term of office of the 12th Congress ran from March 4, 1811 to March 3, 1813, its first session took place from November 4, 1811 to July 6, 1812 in Washington, DC , the second period from November 2, 1812 to March 3, 1813.

Composition and changes

At the end of his term in office, there were 26 Republicans (now usually called the Democratic Republican Party ) and eight federalists in the 10th Congress . The Republicans were able to defend all seats in the election, the Federalists lost the seat in Massachusetts . The parliament could not agree on a successor, so the seat initially remained vacant, which changed the party ratio to 26 to seven. Even before the Senate's first session, the new parliament elected Republican Joseph B. Varnum , so that their majority rose to 27 against seven federalists. Two by-elections in Rhode Island and Tennessee did nothing to change that. Louisiana became the 18th state to join the Union in 1812. Parliament elected two Republicans to the Senate, increasing their majority to 29 to seven, which was also the position at the end of the 12th Congress.

Special functions

Under the United States Constitution , the vice president is the chairman of the Senate without being a member. In the event of a tie, his vote is decisive. At the beginning of the 12th Congress, George Clinton was Vice President, who died on April 20, 1812 as the first Vice President in office. Contrary to current practice, the vice president actually presided over the Senate meetings until the late 19th century. A senator was elected pro tempore president, who assumed the chairmanship in the absence of the vice-president. From March 4 to November 3, 1811, John Pope, elected by the 11th Congress, was President pro tempore, from March 24, 1812 to the end of the Congress on March 3, 1813, William Harris Crawford , who did so in the 13th Congress stayed on March 23, 1813. With Clinton's death, Crawford would have been the successor to the president under the rules at the time, had he been canceled.

List of Senators

Under Party it is noted whether a senator is assigned to the Federalist Party or the Republican Party , under State the lists of the senators of the respective state are linked. The regular term of office depends on the senate class : Senators of class I were elected until March 3, 1815, those of class II until March 3, 1817, and those of class III until March 3, 1813. The date indicates when the corresponding Senator was admitted to the Senate, any previous terms of office not taken into account. Under Sen. is the consecutive number of the senators in chronological order; the lower this is, the greater the senator's seniority .

senator Political party Country class date Sen. annotation
Samuel W. Dana federalist Connecticut I. May 10, 1810 157
Chauncey Goodrich federalist Connecticut III Oct 25, 1807 142
Outerbridge Horsey federalist Delaware I. Jan. 12, 1810 156
James A. Bayard federalist Delaware II Nov 13, 1804 124
William Harris Crawford republican Georgia II Nov 7, 1807 143 President pro tempore
Charles Tait republican Georgia III Nov 27, 1809 154
George M. Bibb republican Kentucky II March 4, 1811 160
John Pope republican Kentucky III March 4, 1807 138 President pro tempore
Jean Noel Destréhan republican Louisiana II 3rd Sep 1812 165 resigned October 1, 1812
Thomas Posey republican Louisiana II Oct 8, 1812 167 appointed to succeed Destréhan
James Brown republican Louisiana II Feb 5, 1813 168 elected to succeed Destréhan
Allan B. Magruder republican Louisiana III 3rd Sep 1812 166
Samuel Smith republican Maryland I. March 4, 1803 114
Philip Reed republican Maryland III Nov 25, 1806 133
James Lloyd federalist Massachusetts I. June 9, 1808 144
Joseph B. Varnum republican Massachusetts II June 29, 1811 162 b
Nicholas Gilman republican New Hampshire II March 4, 1805 127
Charles Cutts Federalist a) New Hampshire III June 21, 1810 158
John Lambert republican New Jersey I. March 4, 1809 149
John Condit republican New Jersey II March 21, 1809 117 earlier in the 8th to 10th Congress
Obadiah German republican new York I. March 4, 1809 148
John Smith republican new York III 23 Feb 1804 119 c
James Turner republican North Carolina II 22 Dec 1805 130 d
Jesse Franklin republican North Carolina III March 4, 1807 086 earlier in the 6th to 8th Congress
Thomas Worthington republican Ohio I. Dec 15, 1810 116 earlier in the 8th and 9th Congress
Alexander Campbell republican Ohio III Dec 11, 1809 155
Michael Leib republican Pennsylvania I. Jan. 9, 1809 146
Andrew Gregg republican Pennsylvania III March 4, 1807 135
Christopher G. Champlin federalist Rhode Island I. June 26, 1809 153 resigned October 2, 1811
William Hunter federalist Rhode Island I. Oct. 28, 1811 164 elected to succeed Champlin
Jeremiah B. Howell republican Rhode Island II March 4, 1811 161
John Taylor republican South carolina II Dec 31, 1810 159
John Gaillard republican South carolina III Dec 6, 1804 125
Joseph Anderson republican Tennessee I. 26 Sep 1797 070
Jenkin Whiteside republican Tennessee II Apr 11, 1809 151 resigned October 8, 1811
George W. Campbell republican Tennessee II Oct 8, 1811 163 elected to succeed Whiteside
Jonathan Robinson republican Vermont I. Oct 10, 1807 141
Stephen R. Bradley republican Vermont III Oct 15, 1801 030th earlier in the 2nd to 4th Congress
Richard Brent republican Virginia I. March 4, 1809 147
William Branch Giles republican Virginia II Aug 11, 1804 120
  • Republicans called members of the mostly as today Democratic-Republican Party or Jeffersonian Republicans party designated
  • a) Cutts is also referred to as a Republican in some sources
  • b) Varnum is included in the list of the Senate when he took office on June 8th, but this is wrong according to all other sources
  • c) Smith is listed in the Senate when he took office on February 4th, but all other sources indicate that this is incorrect
  • d) Turner is included in the Senate list with inauguration March 4th, which is wrong according to all other sources

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Dates of Sessions of the Congress , senate.gov, accessed July 5, 2020
  2. ^ Party Division , www.senate.gov, accessed October 8, 2019
  3. ↑ President Pro Tempore on senate.gov, accessed June 18, 2020
  4. ↑ A Chronological Listing of US Senators , US Senate, PDF (approx. 356 kB), accessed June 19, 2020