List of Senate Members of the 18th United States Congress

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The senators in the 18th Congress of the United States were one-third in 1822 and 1823 and re-elected. Before the 17th Amendment was passed in 1913, the Senate was not directly elected, but the Senators were appointed by the state parliaments. Each state elects two senators who belong to different classes . The term of office is six years, every two years one of the three classes is elected for the seats. Two thirds of the Senate therefore consists of senators whose term of office is still in force.

The term of office of the 18th Congress ran from March 4, 1823 to March 3, 1825. Its first session was from December 1, 1823 to May 27, 1824 in Washington, DC , the second period from December 6, 1824 to March 3, 1825.

Composition and changes

At the end of his term in office, the 17th Congress sat 43 Republicans (today usually called the Democratic Republican Party ) and four federalists , one seat in Delaware was vacant. Samuel L. Southard from New Jersey resigned at the end of the 17th Congress, the parliament of Delaware did not occupy either of the two Senate seats, otherwise the election brought no changes, so that the majority of Republicans was 42 against three federalists, three seats were vacant . By January 1824 there were by-elections for the vacant seats, after which there were 43 Republicans and five federalists in the Senate.

In the 1824 presidential election , the federalists ran no candidate, but the republicans ran four, none of whom got a majority of the electoral vote. The three leading candidates, Andrew Jackson , John Quincy Adams and William Harris Crawford therefore had to face the vote in the House of Representatives. The Republicans then split up into factions . With 20 senators, Crawford's faction was the largest, 12 senators, one of them himself, made up Jackson's faction, 11 former Republicans and the five federalists supported Adams.

Special functions

Under the United States Constitution , the vice president is the chairman of the Senate without being a member. In the event of a tie, his vote is decisive. Daniel D. Tompkins served as Vice President during the 18th Congress . Contrary to current practice, the vice president actually presided over the Senate meetings until the late 19th century. A senator was elected pro tempore president, who assumed the chairmanship in the absence of the vice-president. From March 4 to November 30, 1823, John Gaillard, elected by the 17th Congress, was president pro tempore, he continued the office from December 1, 1823 to January 20, 1824 and from May 21, 1824 to the end of Congress on March 3, 1825.

List of Senators

Under Party it is noted whether a senator is assigned to the Federalist Party or the Republican Party ; the faction to which the senator is assigned during the presidential election in 1824 is given in brackets . J stands for the followers of Andrew Jackson , C for the followers of William Harris Crawford and A for the followers of John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay . The lists of the senators of the respective state are linked under State . The regular term of office depends on the senate class : Senators of class I were elected until March 3, 1827, those of class II until March 3, 1829, and those of class III until March 3, 1825. The date indicates when the corresponding Senator was admitted to the Senate, any previous terms of office not taken into account. Under Sen. is the consecutive number of the senators in chronological order; the lower this is, the greater the senator's seniority .

senator Political party Country class date Sen. annotation
William R. King Republican (J) Alabama II Dec 14, 1819 232
William Kelly Republican (J) Alabama III December 12, 1822 252
Elijah Boardman Republican (J) Connecticut I. March 4, 1821 242 died August 18, 1823
Henry W. Edwards Republican (J) Connecticut I. Oct 8, 1823 256 appointed and elected to succeed Boardman
James Lanman Republican (C) Connecticut III March 4, 1819 224
Thomas Clayton Federalist (A) Delaware I. Jan. 8, 1824 258
Nicholas Van Dyke Federalist (A) Delaware II March 4, 1817 211
Nicholas Ware Republican (C) Georgia II Nov 10, 1821 248 died September 7, 1824
Thomas W. Cobb Republican (C) Georgia II Nov 4, 1824 260 elected as the successor to Ware
John Elliott Republican (C) Georgia III March 4, 1819 223
Jesse B. Thomas Republican (C) Illinois II 3 Dec 1818 221
Ninian Edwards Republican (A) Illinois III 3 Dec 1818 222 resigned March 4, 1824
John McLean Republican (C) Illinois III Nov 23, 1824 262 elected to succeed Edwards
James Noble Republican (C) Indiana I. Dec 11, 1816 201
Waller Taylor Republican (A) Indiana III Dec 11, 1816 202
Richard mentor Johnson Republican (J) Kentucky II Dec 10, 1819 230
Isham Talbot Republican (A) Kentucky III Oct. 19, 1820 188 earlier in the 13th to 15th Congress
Henry Johnson Republican (A) Louisiana II Jan. 12, 1818 216 resigned May 27, 1824
Charles DJ Bouligny Republican (A) Louisiana II Nov 19, 1824 261 elected to succeed Johnson
James Brown Republican (A) Louisiana III March 4, 1819 168 resigned December 10, 1823
earlier in the 12th to 14th Congress
Josiah S. Johnston Republican (A) Louisiana III Jan 15, 1824 259 elected to succeed Brown
John Holmes Republican (C) Maine I. June 13, 1820 237
John Chandler Republican (C) Maine II June 14, 1820 238
Samuel Smith Republican (C) Maryland I. December 16, 1822 114 earlier in the 8th to 13th Congress
Edward Lloyd Republican (C) Maryland III Dec. 21, 1819 235
Elijah H. Mills Federalist (A) Massachusetts I. June 12, 1820 236
James Lloyd Federalist (A) Massachusetts II June 5, 1822 144 earlier in the 10th to 13th Congress
David Holmes Republican (J) Mississippi I. Aug 30, 1820 239
Thomas Hill Williams Republican (J) Mississippi II Dec 10, 1817 215
Thomas Hart Benton Republican (J) Missouri I. Aug 10, 1821 247
David Barton Republican (A) Missouri III Aug 10, 1821 246
Samuel Bell Republican (A) New Hampshire II March 4, 1823 253
John Fabyan Parrott Republican (A) New Hampshire III March 4, 1819 227
Joseph McIlvaine Republican (A) New Jersey I. Nov 12, 1823 257
Mahlon Dickerson Republican (C) New Jersey II March 4, 1817 207
Martin Van Buren Republican (C) new York I. March 4, 1821 245
Rufus King Federalist (A) new York III March 4, 1813 022nd earlier in the 1st to 4th Congress
John Branch Republican (C) North Carolina II March 4, 1823 254
Nathaniel Macon Republican (C) North Carolina III Dec. 5, 1815 193
Benjamin Ruggles Republican (C) Ohio I. March 4, 1815 189
Ethan Allen Brown Republican (A) Ohio III Jan. 3, 1822 250
William Findlay Republican (J) Pennsylvania I. Dec 10, 1821 249
Walter Lowrie Republican (C) Pennsylvania III March 4, 1819 226
James De Wolf Republican (C) Rhode Island I. March 4, 1821 243
Nehemiah R. Knight Republican (C) Rhode Island II Jan. 9, 1821 240
Robert Young Hayne Republican (J) South carolina II March 4, 1823 255
John Gaillard Republican (C) South carolina III Dec 6, 1804 125 President pro tempore
John Henry Eaton Republican (J) Tennessee I. 5th Sep 1818 218
Andrew Jackson Republican (J) Tennessee II March 4, 1823 071 earlier in the 5th Congress
Horatio Seymour Republican (A) Vermont I. March 4, 1821 244
William A. Palmer Republican (A) Vermont III Oct. 20, 1818 219
James Barbour Republican (C) Virginia I. Jan. 2, 1815 186
John Taylor Republican (C) Virginia II Dec 18, 1822 038 died August 21, 1824
earlier in the 2nd, 3rd and 8th Congresses
Littleton Waller Tazewell Republican (J) Virginia II Dec. 7, 1824 263 elected to succeed Taylor

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Dates of Sessions of the Congress , senate.gov, accessed July 18, 2020
  2. ^ Party Division , www.senate.gov, accessed October 8, 2019
  3. ↑ President Pro Tempore on senate.gov, accessed June 18, 2020
  4. ↑ A Chronological Listing of US Senators , US Senate, PDF (approx. 356 kB), accessed June 19, 2020