18th United States Congress

The 18th Congress of the United States , made up of the House and Senate , was the legislature of the United States . Its legislative period lasted from March 4, 1823 to March 4, 1825. All members of the House of Representatives and a third of the senators ( Class II ) were elected in the 1822 congressional elections. This resulted in a majority for the Democratic Republican Party in both chambers . The congress met in the American capital Washington, DC At that time the United States consisted of 24 states. President was James Monroe . The distribution of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1820 census .

Important events

See also 1823 1824 and 1825

• March 4, 1823: Beginning of the legislative period of the 18th Congress.
• December 2, 1823: President Monroe proclaims the Monroe Doctrine named after him
• 1824: Gradual dissolution or fragmentation of the Democratic-Republican Party, which had supported the state until then. The party is divided into several wings, the two most important of which are the Jacksonians led by Andrew Jackson . The Democratic Party emerged from this group in 1828 . The other group is led by John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay . This group is initially known as the Anti-Jacksonians . This later emerged into the relatively short-lived National Republican Party , from which the Whig Party emerged in the 1830s .
• In the presidential election of 1824 , none of the candidates achieved the necessary majority. The election was decided on February 9, 1825 in favor of John Quincy Adams.

The main laws

During the session of the 18th Congress, the following federal laws were passed ( see also: Legislative procedure ):

• January 7, 1824: Tariff of 1824
• March 3, 1825: Crimes Act of 1825

Composition according to parties

senate

• Democratic Republican Party: 43
• Federalist Party : 5
• Others (0
• Vacant: 0

Total: 48 at the end of the legislative period

House of Representatives

• Democratic-Republican Party: 189
• Federalists: 24
• Others (0
• Vacant: 0

Total: 213 at the end of the legislative period

There were also three congressional delegates who were not entitled to vote

Public officials

senate

• President of the Senate : Daniel D. Tompkins (DR)
• President pro tempore : John Gaillard (DR)

House of Representatives

• House Speaker : Henry Clay (DR)

Senate members

The following senators represented their respective states in the 18th Congress:

Alabama 2. William R. King (DR) 3. William Kelly (DR) Connecticut 1. Elijah Boardman (DR) until August 18, 1823 Henry W. Edwards (DR) from October 8, 1823 3. James Lanman (DR) Delaware 1. Thomas Clayton (F) from January 8, 1824 2. Nicholas Van Dyke (F) from January 7, 1824 Georgia 2. Nicholas Ware (DR) until September 7, 1824 Thomas W. Cobb (DR) from December 6, 1824 3. John Elliott (DR) Illinois 2. Jesse B. Thomas (DR) 3. Ninian Edwards (DR) through March 4, 1824 John McLean (DR) from November 23, 1824 Indiana 1. James Noble (DR) 3. Waller Taylor (DR) Kentucky 2. Richard Mentor Johnson (DR) 3. Isham Talbot (DR) Louisiana 2. Henry Johnson (DR) until May 27, 1824 Charles Bouligny (DR) from November 19, 1824 3. James Brown (DR) until December 10, 1823 Josiah S. Johnston (DR) from January 15, 1824 Maine 1. John Holmes (DR) 2. John Chandler (DR) Maryland 1. Samuel Smith (DR) 3. Edward Lloyd (DR) Massachusetts 1. Elijah H. Mills (F) 2. James Lloyd (F) Mississippi 1. David Holmes (DR) 2. Thomas Hill Williams (DR)

Missouri 1. Thomas Hart Benton (DR) 3. David Barton (DR) New Hampshire 2. Samuel Bell (DR) 3. John Fabyan Parrott (DR) New Jersey 1. Joseph McIlvaine (DR) from November 12, 1823 2. Mahlon Dickerson (DR) new York 1. Martin Van Buren (DR) 3. Rufus King (F) North Carolina 2. John Branch (DR) 3. Nathaniel Macon (DR) Ohio 1. Benjamin Ruggles (DR) 3. Ethan Allen Brown (DR) Pennsylvania 1. William Findlay (DR) 3. Walter Lowrie (DR) Rhode Island 1. James De Wolf (DR) 2. Nehemiah R. Knight (DR) South carolina 2. Robert Young Hayne (DR) 3. John Gaillard (DR) Tennessee 1. John Henry Eaton (DR) 2. Andrew Jackson (DR) Vermont 1. Horatio Seymour (DR) 3. William A. Palmer (DR) Virginia 1. James Barbour (DR) 2. John Taylor (DR) until August 21, 1824 Littleton Waller Tazewell (DR) from December 7, 1824

Members of the House of Representatives

The following congressmen represented the interests of their respective states in the 18th Congress:

Alabama 3 constituencies 1. Gabriel Moore (DR) 2. John McKee (DR) 3. George Washington Owen (DR) Connecticut All MPs were state-elected. Noyes Barber (DR) Samuel A. Foot (DR) Ansel Sterling (DR) Ebenezer Stoddard (DR) Gideon Tomlinson (DR) Lemuel Whitman (DR) Delaware state-wide choice Louis McLane (F) Georgia All MPs were elected state-wide. Joel Abbott (DR) George Cary (DR) Thomas W. Cobb (DR) until December 6, 1824 Richard Henry Wilde (DR) from February 7, 1825 Alfred Cuthbert (DR) John Forsyth (DR) Edward Fenwick Tattnall (DR) Wiley Thompson (DR) Illinois State Election Daniel Pope Cook (DR) Indiana 3 constituencies 1. William Prince (DR) until September 8, 1824 Jacob Call (DR) from December 23, 1824 2. Jonathan Jennings (DR) 3. John Test (DR) Kentucky 12 constituencies 1. David Trimble (DR) 2. Thomas Metcalfe (DR) 3. Henry Clay (DR) 4. Robert Letcher (DR) 5. John Johnson (DR) 6. David White (DR) 7. Thomas Patrick Moore (DR) 8. Richard Aylett Buckner (DR) 9. Charles A. Wickliffe (DR) 10. Francis Johnson (DR) 11. Philip Thompson (DR) 12. Robert Pryor Henry (DR) Louisiana 3 constituencies 1. Edward Livingston (DR) 2. Henry Hosford Gurley (DR) 3. William Leigh Brent (DR) Maine 7 constituencies 1. William Burleigh (DR) 2. Stephen Longfellow (F) 3. Ebenezer Herrick (DR) 4. Joshua Cushman (DR) 5. Enoch Lincoln (DR) 6. Jeremiah O'Brien (DR) 7. David Kidder (DR) Maryland 8 constituencies. The fifth electoral district had two MPs. 1. Raphael Neale (F) 2. Joseph Kent (DR) 3. Henry Ridgely Warfield (F) 4. John Lee (F) 5A. Peter Little (DR) 5B. Isaac McKim (DR) 6. George Edward Mitchell (DR) 7. William Hayward (DR) 8. John S. Spence (DR) Massachusetts 13 constituencies 1. Daniel Webster (F) 2. Benjamin Crowninshield (DR) 3. Jeremiah Nelson (F) 4. Timothy Fuller (DR) 5. Jonas Sibley (DR) 6. John Locke (DR) 7. Samuel Clesson Allen (F) 8. Samuel Lathrop (F) 9. Henry W. Dwight (F) 10. John Bailey (DR) until March 18, 1824 and again from December 13, 1824 11. Aaron Hobart (DR) 12. Francis Baylies (F) 13. John Reed (DR) Mississippi State Election Christopher Rankin (DR) Missouri John Scott (DR) New Hampshire All MPs were state-elected. Ichabod Bartlett (DR) Matthew Harvey (DR) Arthur Livermore (DR) Aaron Matson (DR) William Plumer (DR) Thomas Whipple (DR) New Jersey All MPs were elected state-wide George Cassedy (DR) Lewis Condict (DR) Daniel Garrison (DR) George Holcombe (DR) James Matlack (DR) Samuel Swan (DR) New York 30 constituencies. The 3rd electoral district had three MPs and the 20th and 26th two each. 1. Silas Wood (DR) 2. Jacob Tyson (DR) 3A. Churchill C. Cambreleng (DR) 3B. John J. Morgan (DR) 3C. Peter Sharpe (DR) 4. Joel Frost (DR) 5. William W. Van Wyck (DR) 6. Hector Craig (DR) 7. Lemuel Jenkins (DR) 8. James Strong (F) 9. James L. Hogeboom (DR) 10. Stephen Van Rensselaer III. (F) 11. Charles A. Foote (DR) 12. Lewis Eaton (DR) 13. Isaac Williams (DR) 14. Henry R. Storrs (F) 15. John Herkimer (DR) 16. John W. Cady (DR) 17. John W. Taylor (DR) 18. Henry C. Martindale (F) 19. John Richards (DR) 20A. Ela Collins (DR) 20B. Egbert Ten Eyck (DR) 21. Lot Clark (DR) 22. Justin Dwinell (DR) 23. Elisha Litchfield (DR) 24th Rowland Day (DR) 25. Samuel Lawrence (DR) 26A. Dudley Marvin (DR) 26B. Robert S. Rose (DR) 27 Moses Hayden (DR) 28. William B. Rochester (DR) until 1823, exact date unknown William Woods (DR) from November 3, 1823 29. Isaac Wilson (DR) until January 7, 1824 Parmenio Adams (DR) from January 7, 1824 30. Albert H. Tracy (DR)

North Carolina 13 constituencies 1. Alfred Moore Gatlin (DR) 2. Hutchins Gordon Burton (DR) until March 23, 1824 George Outlaw (DR) from January 19, 1825 3. Thomas H. Hall (DR) 4. Richard Spaight (DR) 5. Charles Hooks (DR) 6. Weldon Nathaniel Edwards (DR) 7. John Culpepper (F) 8. Willie Person Mangum (DR) 9. Romulus Mitchell Saunders (DR) 10. John Long (DR) 11. Henry William Connor (DR) 12. Robert B. Vance (DR) 13. Lewis Williams (DR) Ohio 14 constituencies 1. James W. Gazlay (DR) 2. Thomas R. Ross (DR) 3. William McLean (DR) 4. Joseph Vance (DR) 5. John Wilson Campbell (DR) 6. Duncan McArthur (DR) 7. Samuel Finley Vinton (DR) 8. William Wilson (DR) 9. Philemon Beecher (DR) 10. John Patterson (DR) 11. John C. Wright (DR) 12. John Sloane (DR) 13. Elisha Whittlesey (DR) 14. Mordecai Bartley (DR) Pennsylvania 18 constituencies. The 7th, 8th, 11th and 16th electoral districts each had two MPs. The 4th and 9th even provided three Abgerodnete, the remaining one each. 1. Samuel Breck (F) 2. Joseph Hemphill (F) 3. Daniel H. Miller (DR) 4A. James Buchanan (F) 4B. Samuel Edwards (F) 4C. Isaac Wayne (F) 5. Philip Swenk Markley (DR) 6. Robert Harris 7A. Daniel Udree (DR) 7B. Henry Wilson (DR) 8A. Samuel D. Ingham (DR) 8B. Thomas Jones Rogers (DR) until April 20, 1824 George Wolf (DR) from December 9, 1824 9A. William Cox Ellis (F) 9B. George Kremer (DR) 9C. Samuel McKean (DR) 10. James S. Mitchell (DR) 11A. John Findlay (DR) 11B. James Wilson (DR) 12. John Brown (DR) 13. John Tod (DR) until 1824, exact date unknown Alexander Thomson (DR) from December 6, 1824 14. Andrew Stewart (DR) 15. Thomas Patterson (DR) 16A. James Allison (DR) 16B. Walter Forward (DR) 17. George Plumer (DR) 18. Patrick Farrelly (DR) Rhode Island All MPs were state-elected. Samuel Eddy (DR) Job Durfee (DR) South Carolina 9 constituencies 1. Joel Roberts Poinsett (DR) 2. James Hamilton (DR) 3. Robert B. Campbell (DR) 4. Andrew R. Govan (DR) 5. George McDuffie (DR) 6. John Wilson (DR) 7. Joseph Gist (DR) 8. John Carter (DR) 9. Starling Tucker (DR) Tennessee 9 constituencies 1. John Blair (DR) 2. John Alexander Cocke (DR) 3. James Israel Standifer (DR) 4. Jacob C. Isacks (DR) 5. Robert Allen (DR) 6. James T. Sandford (DR) 7. Sam Houston (DR) 8. James B. Reynolds (DR) 9. Adam Rankin Alexander (DR) Vermont All MPs were state-elected Rollin Carolas Mallary (DR) William Czar Bradley (DR) Charles Rich (DR) until October 15, 1824 Henry Olin (DR) from December 13, 1824 Daniel Buck (DR) Samuel C. Crafts (DR) Virginia 22 constituencies 1. Thomas Newton (DR) 2. Arthur Smith (DR) 3. William S. Archer (DR) 4. Mark Alexander (DR) 5. John Randolph (DR) 6. George Tucker (DR) 7. Jabez Leftwich (DR) 8. Burwell Bassett (DR) 9. Andrew Stevenson (DR) 10. William Cabell Rives (DR) 11. Philip Pendleton Barbour (DR) 12. Robert Garnett (DR) 13. William Lee Ball (DR) until February 29, 1824 John Taliaferro (DR) from March 24, 1824 14. Charles F. Mercer (DR) 15. John S. Barbour (DR) 16. James Stephenson (F) 17. Jared Williams (DR) 18. Joseph Johnson (DR) 19. William McCoy (DR) 20. John Floyd (DR) 21. William Smith (DR) 22. Alexander Smyth (DR)

Members of the House of Representatives who are not entitled to vote:

• Arkansas Territory : Henry Wharton Conway
• Florida Territory : Richard Keith Call
• Michigan Territory : Gabriel Richard

Web links

Commons : 18th United States Congress  - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files

• bioguide.congress.gov (by entering 18 under Year OR Congress: you get a list of the members of the 18th Congress with a link to the official biographies; English)