16th United States Congress

The 16th Congress of the United States , consisting of the House and Senate , was the legislature of the United States . Its legislative term lasted from March 4, 1819 to March 4, 1821. All members of the House of Representatives and a third of the senators ( Class III ) were elected in the 1818 congressional elections. This resulted in a majority for the Democratic Republican Party in both chambers . The congress met in the American capital Washington, DC At that time the United States consisted of 21 states. During the legislative period, Alabama and Maine were added as the 22nd and 23rd states. President was James Monroe . The distribution of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1810 census .

Important events

See also 1819 1820 and 1821

• February 22, 1819: With the Adams-Onís Treaty , Spain cedes Florida to the United States.
• March 4, 1819: beginning of the legislative period of the 16th Congress
• 1819: After the destruction of the Capitol during the British-American War , Congress returns to this building. In the meantime, the Congress has been meeting in the so-called Old Capitol Prison since 1815 .
• May 22 - June 20, 1819: The SS Savannah becomes the first steamship to cross the Atlantic.
• July 4, 1819: Arkansas Territory founded .
• December 14, 1919: Alabama becomes the 22nd state in the USA.
• March 6, 1820: The Missouri Compromise comes into force.
• March 15, 1820: Maine becomes the 23rd state in the USA.
• Aug 7, 1820: The census shows the United States has over 9.6 million people. Of these, over 1.5 million are slaves.
• December 3, 1820: President James Monroe is re-elected.

The main laws

During the session of the 16th Congress, the following federal laws were passed ( see also: Legislative procedure ):

• March 6, 1820: The Missouri Compromise (see above)
• April 24, 1820: Land Act of 1820

Composition according to parties

senate

• Democratic Republican Party: 37
• Federalist Party : 9
• Others (0
• Vacant: 0

Total: 46 at the end of the legislative period.

House of Representatives

• Democratic Republican Party: 158
• Federalist Party: 25
• Others (0
• Vacant: 3

Total: 186 at the end of the legislative period

There were also four congressional delegates who were not entitled to vote

Public officials

senate

• President of the Senate : Daniel D. Tompkins (DR)
• President per tempore : James Barbour (DR) until December 26, 1819, then John Gaillard (DR).

House of Representatives

• House Speaker : Henry Clay (DR) until October 28, 1820, then John W. Taylor (DR).

Senate members

The following senators represented their respective states in the 16th Congress:

Alabama 2. William R. King (DR) from December 14, 1819 3. John Williams Walker (DR) from December 14, 1819 Connecticut 1. Samuel W. Dana (F) 3. James Lanman (DR) Delaware 1. Outerbridge Horsey (F) 2. Nicholas Van Dyke (F) Georgia 2. Freeman Walker (DR) from November 6, 1819 3. John Elliott (DR) Illinois 2. Jesse B. Thomas (DR) 3. Ninian Edwards (DR) Indiana 1. James Noble (DR) 3. Waller Taylor (DR) Kentucky 2. Richard Mentor Johnson (DR) from December 10, 1819 3. William Logan (DR) until May 28, 1820 Isham Talbot (DR) from October 19, 1820 Louisiana 2. Henry Johnson (DR) 3. James Brown (DR) Maine 1. John Holmes from June 13, 1820 2. John Chandler from June 14, 1820 Maryland 1. Alexander Contee Hanson (F) until April 23, 1819 William Pinkney (DR) from December 21, 1819 3. Edward Lloyd (DR) Massachusetts 1. Prentiss Mellen (F) until May 15, 1820 Elijah H. Mills (F) from June 12, 1820 2. Harrison Otis (F) Mississippi 1. Walter Leake (DR) until May 15, 1820 David Holmes (DR) from August 30, 1820 2. Thomas Hill Williams (DR)

New Hampshire 2. David L. Morril (DR) 3. John Fabyan Parrott (DR) New Jersey 1. James J. Wilson (DR) until January 8, 1821 Samuel L. Southard (DR) from January 26, 1821 2. Mahlon Dickerson (DR) new York 1. Nathan Sanford (DR) 3. Rufus King (F) North Carolina 2. Montfort Stokes (DR) 3. Nathaniel Macon (DR) Ohio 1. Benjamin Ruggles (DR) 3. William A. Trimble (DR) Pennsylvania 1. Jonathan Roberts (DR) 3. Walter Lowrie (DR) Rhode Island 1. William Hunter (F) 2. James Burrill (F) until December 25, 1820 Nehemiah R. Knight (DR) from January 9, 1821 South carolina 2. William Smith (DR) 3. John Gaillard (DR) Tennessee 1. John Henry Eaton (DR) 2. John Williams (DR) Vermont 1. Isaac Tichenor (F) 3. William A. Palmer (DR) Virginia 1. James Barbour (DR) 2. John Wayles Eppes (DR) until December 4, 1819 James Pleasants (DR) from December 10, 1819

Members of the House of Representatives

The following congressmen represented the interests of their respective states in the 16th Congress:

Alabama state-wide election John Crowell (DR) from December 14, 1819 Connecticut All MPs were state-elected. Henry W. Edwards (DR) Samuel A. Foot (DR) Jonathan O. Moseley (F) Elisha Phelps (DR) John Russ (DR) James Stevens (DR) Gideon Tomlinson (DR) Delaware All MPs were elected state-wide. Louis McLane (F) Willard Hall (DR) until January 22, 1821, after which the seat was vacant Georgia All MPs were elected state-wide. Joel Abbott (DR) Thomas W. Cobb (DR) Joel Crawford (DR) John Alfred Cuthbert (DR) Robert Raymond Reid (DR) William Terrell (DR) Illinois State Election Daniel Pope Cook (DR) Indiana State Election William Hendricks (DR) Kentucky Ten Constituencies 1. David Trimble (DR) 2. Henry Clay (DR) 3. William Brown (DR) 4. Thomas Metcalfe (DR) 5. Alney McLean (DR) 6. David Walker (DR) until March 1, 1820 Francis Johnson (DR) from November 13, 1820 7. George Robertson (DR) 8. Richard Clough Anderson (DR) 9. Tunstall Quarles (DR) until June 15, 1820 Thomas Montgomery (DR) from November 13, 1820 10. Benjamin Hardin (DR) Louisiana Elected to the State Thomas Butler (DR) Maryland Eight constituencies. The fifth electoral district had two MPs. 1. Raphael Neale (F) 2. Joseph Kent (DR) 3. Henry Ridgely Warfield (F) 4. Samuel Ringgold (DR) 5A. Peter Little (DR) 5B Samuel Smith (DR) 6. Stevenson Archer (DR) 7. Thomas Culbreth (DR) 8. Thomas Bayly (F) Massachusetts 20 constituencies 1. Jonathan Mason (F) until May 15, 1820 Benjamin Gorham (DR) from November 27, 1820 2. Nathaniel Silsbee (DR) 3. Jeremiah Nelson (F) 4. Timothy Fuller (DR) 5. Samuel Lathrop (DR) 6. Samuel Clesson Allen (F) 7. Henry Shaw (DR) 8. Zabdiel Sampson (DR) until July 26, 1820 Aaron Hobart from December 18, 1820 9. Walter Folger (DR) 10. Marcus Morton (DR) 11. Benjamin Adams (F) 12. Jonas Kendall (F) 13. Edward Dowse (DR) until May 26, 1820 William Eustis (DR) from November 13, 1820 14. John Holmes (DR) until March 15, 1820, after which the seat remained vacant 15. Ezekiel Whitman (F) 16. Mark Langdon Hill (DR) 17 Martin Kinsley (DR) 18 James Parker (DR) 19. Joshua Cushman (DR) 20. Enoch Lincoln (DR) Mississippi State Election Christopher Rankin (DR) New Hampshire All MPs were state-elected. Joseph Buffum (DR) Josiah Butler (DR) Clifton Clagett (DR) Arthur Livermore (DR) William Plumer (DR) Nathaniel Upham (DR) New Jersey All MPs were elected state-wide Ephraim Bateman (DR) Joseph Bloomfield (DR) John Condit (DR) until November 4, 1819 Charles Kinsey (DR) from February 16, 1820 John Linn (DR) Bernard Smith Henry Southard (DR) New York 21 constituencies. The 1st, 2nd, 12th, 15th, 20th and 21st constituencies each had two MPs. 1A. James Guyon (DR) from January 14, 1820 1B. Silas Wood (F) 2A. Henry Meigs (DR) 2 B. Peter H. Wendover (DR) 3. Caleb Tompkins (DR) 4. Randall S. Street (F) 5. James Strong (F) 6. Walter Case (DR) 7. Jacob H. De Witt (DR) 8. Robert Clark (DR) 9. Solomon Van Rensselaer (F) 10. John D. Dickinson (F) 11. John W. Taylor (DR) 12A. Ezra C. Gross (DR) 12B. Nathaniel Pitcher (DR) 13. Harmanus Peek (DR) 14. John Fay (DR) 15A. Joseph S. Lyman (DR) 15B. Robert Monell (DR) 16. Henry R. Storrs (F) 17. Aaron Hackley (DR) 18. William Donnison Ford (F) 19. George Hall (DR) 20A. Caleb Baker (DR) 20B. Jonathan Richmond (DR) 21A. Nathaniel Allen (DR) 21B. Albert H. Tracy (DR)

North Carolina 13 constituencies 1. Lemuel Sawyer (DR) 2. Hutchins Gordon Burton (DR) from December 6, 1819 3. Thomas H. Hall (DR) 4. Jesse Slocumb (F) until December 20, 1820 William Salter Blackledge (DR) from February 7, 1821 5. Charles Hooks (DR) 6. Weldon Nathaniel Edwards (DR) 7. John Culpepper (F) 8. James Strudwick Smith (DR) 9. Thomas Settle (DR) 10. Charles Fisher (DR) 11. William Davidson (F) 12. Felix Walker (DR) 13. Lewis Williams (DR) Ohio 6 constituencies 1. Thomas R. Ross (DR) 2. John Wilson Campbell (DR) 3. Henry Brush (DR) 4. Samuel Herrick (DR) 5. Philemon Beecher (F) 6. John Sloane (DR) Pennsylvania 15 constituencies. The first constituency had four MPs, the 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 6th and 10th constituencies had two MPs each. The rest one each. 1A. Samuel Edwards (F) 1B Thomas Forrest (F) 1C. Joseph Hemphill (F) 1D. John Sergeant (F) 2A. William Darlington (DR) 2 B. Samuel Gross (DR) 3A. James M. Wallace (DR) 3B. Jacob Hibshman (DR) 4. Jacob Hostetter (DR) 5A. Andrew Boden (DR) 5B. David Fullerton (DR) until May 15, 1820 Thomas Grubb McCullough (F) from November 13, 1820 6A. Samuel Moore (DR) 6B. Thomas Jones Rogers (DR) 7. Joseph Hiester (DR) until December 1820 Daniel Udree (DR) from January 8, 1821 8. Robert Philson (DR) 9. William Plunkett Maclay (DR) 10A. John Murray (DR) from October 14, 1817 10B. George Denison (DR) 11 David Marchand (DR) 12 Thomas Patterson (DR) 13 Christian Tarr (DR) 14 Henry Baldwin (DR) 15 Robert Moore (DR) Rhode Island All MPs were state-elected. Samuel Eddy (DR) Nathaniel Hazard (DR) until December 20, 1820, after which the seat was vacant South Carolina 9 constituencies 1. Charles Pinckney (DR) 2. William Lowndes (DR) 3. James Ervin (DR) 4. James Overstreet (DR) 5. Starling Tucker (DR) 6. Eldred Simkins (DR) 7. Elias Earle (DR) 8. John McCreary (DR) 9. Joseph Brevard (DR) Tennessee 6 constituencies 1. John Rhea (DR) 2. John Alexander Cocke (DR) 3. Francis Jones (DR) 4. Robert Allen (DR) 5. Newton Cannon (DR) 6. Henry Hunter Bryan (DR) Vermont All six MPs were state-elected Samuel C. Crafts (DR) Ezra Meech (DR) Orsamus Cook Merrill (DR) until January 12, 1820 Rollin Carolas Mallary (DR) from January 13, 1820 Charles Rich (DR) Mark Richards (DR) William Strong (DR) Virginia 23 constituencies 1. James Pindall (F) until July 26, 1820 Edward B. Jackson from November 13, 1820 2. Thomas Van Swearingen (F) 3. Jared Williams (DR) 4. William McCoy (DR) 5. John Floyd (DR) 6. Alexander Smyth (DR) 7. Ballard Smith (DR) 8. Charles F. Mercer (F) 9. William Lee Ball (DR) 10. George Strother (DR) until February 10, 1820 Thomas L. Moore (DR) from November 13, 1820 11. Philip Pendleton Barbour (DR) 12. Robert Garnett (DR) 13. Severn E. Parker (DR) 14. William A. Burwell (DR) until February 16, 1821. Thereafter the seat was vacant 15. George Tucker (DR) 16. John Randolph (DR) 17. James Pleasants (DR) until December 14, 1819 William S. Archer (DR) from January 18, 1820 18. Mark Alexander (DR) 19. James Jones (DR) 20. James Johnson (DR) until February 1, 1820 John C. Gray (DR) from November 13, 1820 21. Thomas Newton (DR) 22. Hugh Nelson (DR) 23. John Tyler (DR)

Members of the House of Representatives who are not entitled to vote:

• Alabama Territory : Vacant Until State Is Established
• Arkansas Territory : James Woodson Bates from December 21, 1819
• Michigan Territory : William Woodbridge until August 9, 1820, then Solomon Sibley
• Missouri Territory : John Scott

Web links

Commons : 16th United States Congress  - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files

• bioguide.congress.gov (by entering 16 under Year OR Congress: you get a list of the members of the 16th Congress with a link to the official biographies; English)