60th United States Congress

The 60th United States Congress , made up of the House and Senate , was the United States' legislature . Its legislative period lasted from March 4, 1907 to March 4, 1909. All members of the House of Representatives and a third of the senators ( Class II ) were elected in the 1906 congressional elections. This resulted in a majority in both chambers for the Republican Party , which with Theodore Roosevelt also provided the president. The only remaining role for the Democratic Party was in the opposition. The Congress met in the American capital Washington, DC The United States at that time consisted of 45 states. Oklahoma will be added as the 46th state during the legislature. The distribution of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1900 census .

Important events

See also 1907, 1908 and 1908

• March 4, 1907: beginning of the legislative period of the 60th Congress
• June 15, 1907: Second Hague Peace Conference (until October 18) with 44 participating states on questions of martial law, disarmament and the peaceful settlement of international conflicts.
• November 16, 1907: Oklahoma becomes a US state.
• December 16, 1907: The Great White Fleet starts to circumnavigate the world . The US Atlantic fleet is supposed to demonstrate the maritime power of the United States with steam-powered ships of the line .
• December 20, 1907: At the end of the Central American Peace Conference in Washington DC, Nicaragua , Costa Rica , El Salvador , Honduras and Guatemala agreed to establish the Central American Court of Justice , the first international court in legal history . Nicaragua's contractual withdrawal later ended the existence of the court in 1918.
• September 16, 1908: General Motors is founded by William Durant as a holding company for Buick and shortly thereafter takes over Oldsmobile .
• September 27, 1908: The first Ford Model T is completed in Detroit .
• November 1908: William H. Taft is elected as the new US President. He takes office on March 4, 1909. In the simultaneous congressional elections, the Republicans maintain their majorities in both chambers.
• December 31, 1908: The American Wilbur Wright covers 124.7 km in just under 2½ hours in an airplane in Le Mans (France), which is a new world record.

The main laws

During the session of the 60th Congress, the following federal laws were passed ( see also: Legislative procedure ):

• May 30, 1908: Aldrich-Vreeland Act
• 1908: Federal Employers Liability Act

Composition according to parties

senate

• Democratic Party: 29
• Republican Party: 61 (majority)
• Others (0

Total: 90

House of Representatives

• Democratic Party: 167
• Republican Party: 223 (majority)
• Others: 1

Total: 391

There were also seven congressional delegates who were not entitled to vote

Public officials

senate

• President of the Senate : Charles W. Fairbanks (R)
• President pro tempore : William P. Frye (R)

House of Representatives

• House Speaker : Joseph Gurney Cannon (R)

Leadership of the majority party

• Majority Leader : Sereno E. Payne (R)

Leadership of the minority party

• Minority leader: John Sharp Williams (D) until 1908 then Champ Clark (D)

Senate members

The following senators represented their respective states in the 60th Congress:

Alabama 2. John Tyler Morgan (D) until June 11, 1907 John H. Bankhead (D) from June 18, 1907 3. Edmund Pettus (D) until July 27, 1907 Joseph F. Johnston (D) from August 8, 1907 Arkansas 2. Jeff Davis (D) 3. James Paul Clarke (D) California 1. Frank P. Flint (R) 3. George Clement Perkins (R) Colorado 2. Simon Guggenheim (R) 3. Henry Moore Teller (D) Connecticut 1. Morgan Bulkeley (R) 3. Frank B. Brandegee (R) Delaware 1. Henry A. du Pont (R) 2. Harry A. Richardson (R) Florida 1. James Taliaferro (D) 3. Stephen R. Mallory Jr. (D) until December 23, 1907 William James Bryan (D) from December 27, 1907 to March 22, 1908 William Hall Milton (D) from March 27, 1908 Georgia 2. Augustus Octavius ​​Bacon (D) 3. Alexander S. Clay (D) Idaho 2. William Borah (R) 3. Weldon B. Heyburn (R) Illinois 2. Shelby Moore Cullom (R) 3. Albert J. Hopkins (R) Indiana 1. Albert J. Beveridge (R) 3. James A. Hemenway (R) Iowa 2. Jonathan P. Dolliver (R) 3. William B. Allison (R) by August 4, 1908 Albert B. Cummins (R) from November 24, 1908 Kansas 2. Charles Curtis (R) 3. Chester I. Long (R) Kentucky 2. Thomas H. Paynter (D) 3. James B. McCreary (D) Louisiana 2. Murphy J. Foster (D) 3. Samuel D. McEnery (D) Maine 1. Eugene Hale (R) 2. William P. Frye (R) Maryland 1. Isidor Rayner (D) 3. William Pinkney Whyte (D) until March 17, 1908 John Walter Smith (D) from March 25, 1908 Massachusetts 1. Henry Cabot Lodge (R) 2. Winthrop M. Crane (R) Michigan 1. Julius C. Burrows (R) 2. William Alden Smith (R) Minnesota 1. Moses Edwin Clapp (R) 2. Knute Nelson (R) Mississippi 1. Hernando Money (D) 2. Anselm J. McLaurin (D) Missouri 1. William Warner (R) 3. William J. Stone (D) Montana 1. Thomas Henry Carter (R) 2. Joseph Dixon (R)

Nebraska 1. Elmer Jacob Burkett (R) 2. Norris Brown (R) Nevada 1. George S. Nixon (R) 3. Francis G. Newlands (D) New Hampshire 2. Henry E. Burnham (R) 3. Jacob Harold Gallinger (R) New Jersey 1. John Kean (R) 2. Frank O. Briggs (R) new York 1. Chauncey Depew (R) 3. Thomas C. Platt (R) North Carolina 2. Furnifold McLendel Simmons (D) 3. Lee Slater Overman (D) North Dakota 1. Porter J. McCumber (R) 3. Henry C. Hansbrough (R) Ohio 1. Charles WF Dick (R) 3. Joseph B. Foraker (R) Oklahoma 2. Robert Latham Owen (D) from December 11, 1907 3. Thomas Gore (D) from December 11, 1907 Oregon 2. Jonathan Bourne (R) 3. Charles William Fulton (R) Pennsylvania 1. Philander C. Knox (R) 3. Boies Penrose (R) Rhode Island 1. Nelson W. Aldrich (R) 2. George P. Wetmore (R) from January 22, 1908 South carolina 2. Benjamin Tillman (D) 3. Asbury Latimer (D) until February 20, 1908 Frank B. Gary (D) from March 6, 1908 South Dakota 2. Robert J. Gamble (R) 3. Alfred B. Kittredge (R) Tennessee 1. James B. Frazier (D) 2. Robert Love Taylor (D) Texas 1. Charles Allen Culberson (D) 2. Joseph Weldon Bailey (D) Utah 1. George Sutherland (R) 3. Reed Smoot (R) Vermont 1. Redfield Proctor (R) until March 4, 1908 John Wolcott Stewart (R) from March 24 to October 21, 1908 Carroll Smalley Page (R) from October 21, 1908 3. William P. Dillingham (R) Virginia 1. John W. Daniel (D) 2. Thomas S. Martin (D) Washington 1. Samuel H. Piles (R) 3. Levi Ankeny (R) West Virginia 1. Nathan B. Scott (R) 2. Stephen Benton Elkins (R) Wisconsin 1. Robert La Follette Sr. (R) 3. John Coit Spooner (R) until April 30, 1907 Isaac Stephenson (R) from May 17, 1907 Wyoming 1. Clarence Don Clark (R) 2. Francis E. Warren (R)

Members of the House of Representatives

The following congressmen represented the interests of their respective states in the 60th Congress:

Alabama 9 constituencies 1. George W. Taylor (D) 2. Ariosto A. Wiley (D) until June 17, 1908 Oliver C. Wiley (D) from November 3, 1908 3. Henry De Lamar Clayton, Jr. (D) 4. William Benjamin Craig (D) 5. James Thomas Heflin (D) 6. Richmond Pearson Hobson (D) 7. John Lawson Burnett (D) 8. William N. Richardson (D) 9. Oscar Underwood (D) Arkansas 7 constituencies. 1. Robert B. Macon (D) 2. Stephen Brundidge (D) 3. John C. Floyd (D) 4. William B. Cravens (D) 5. Charles C. Reid (D) 6. Joseph Taylor Robinson (D) 7. Robert M. Wallace (D) California 8 constituencies. 1. William F. Englebright (R) 2. Duncan E. McKinlay (R) 3. Joseph R. Knowland (R) 4. Julius Kahn (R) 5. Everis A. Hayes (R) 6. James C. Needham (R) 7. James McLachlan (R) 8. Sylvester C. Smith (R) Colorado 2 constituencies. In addition, a member was elected nationwide 1. Robert W. Bonynge (R) 2. Warren A. Haggott (R) 3. George W. Cook (R) elected state-wide Connecticut 4 constituencies. In addition, a member was elected nationwide 1. E. Stevens Henry (R) 2. Nehemiah D. Sperry (R) 3. Edwin W. Higgins (R) 4. Ebenezer J. Hill (R) 5. George L. Lilley (R) elected nationwide until January 5, 1909, after which the seat remained vacant Delaware state-wide choice Hiram R. Burton (R) Florida 3 constituencies 1. Stephen M. Sparkman (D) 2. Frank Clark (D) 3. William Bailey Lamar (D) Georgia 11 constituencies 1. Charles Gordon Edwards (D) 2. James M. Griggs (D) 3. Elijah B. Lewis (D) 4. William C. Adamson (D) 5. Leonidas F. Livingston (D) 6. Charles Lafayette Bartlett (D) 7. Gordon Lee (D) 8. William Marcellus Howard (D) 9. Thomas Montgomery Bell (D) 10. Thomas W. Hardwick (D) 11. William Gordon Brantley (D) Idaho state-wide election Burton L. French (R) Illinois 25 constituencies 1. Martin B. Madden (R) 2. James Robert Mann (R) 3. William W. Wilson (R) 4. James T. McDermott (D) 5. Adolph J. Sabath (D) 6. William Lorimer (R) 7. Philip Knopf (R) 8. Charles McGavin (R) 9. Henry Sherman Boutell (R) 10. George Edmund Foss (R) 11. Howard M. Snapp (R) 12. Charles Eugene Fuller (R) 13. Frank Orren Lowden (R) 14. James McKinney (R) 15. George W. Prince (R) 16. Joseph V. Graff (R) 17. John Allen Sterling (R) 18. Joseph Gurney Cannon (R) 19. William B. McKinley (R) 20. Henry T. Rainey (D) 21. Ben F. Caldwell (D) 22. William A. Rodenberg (R) 23. Martin D. Foster (D) 24. Pleasant T. Chapman (R) 25. George W. Smith (R) through November 30, 1907 Napoleon B. Thistlewood (R) from February 15, 1908 Indiana 13 constituencies 1. John H. Foster (R) 2. John C. Chaney (R) 3. William E. Cox (D) 4. Lincoln Dixon (D) 5. Elias S. Holliday (R) 6. James Eli Watson (R) 7. Jesse Overstreet (R) 8. John AM Adair (D) 9. Charles B. Landis (R) 10. Edgar D. Crumpacker (R) 11. George W. Rauch (D) 12. Clarence C. Gilhams (R) 13. Abraham L. Brick (R) through April 7, 1908 Henry A. Barnhart (D) from November 3, 1908 Iowa 11 constituencies 1. Charles A. Kennedy (R) 2. Albert F. Dawson (R) 3. Benjamin P. Birdsall (R) 4. Gilbert N. Haugen (R) 5. Robert G. Cousins (R) 6. Daniel W. Hamilton (D) 7. John AT Hull (R) 8. William Peters Hepburn (R) 9. Walter I. Smith (R) 10. James Perry Conner (R) 11. Elbert H. Hubbard (R) Kansas 8 constituencies. 1. Daniel Anthony Jr. (R) from May 23, 1907 2. Charles Frederick Scott (R) 3. Philip P. Campbell (R) 4. James Monroe Miller (R) 5. William A. Calderhead (R) 6. William A. Reeder (R) 7. Edmond H. Madison (R) 8. Victor Murdock (R) Kentucky 11 constituencies 1. Ollie Murray James (D) 2. Augustus Owsley Stanley (D) 3. Addison James (R) 4. Ben Johnson (D) 5. J. Swagar Sherley (D) 6. Joseph L. Rhinock (D) 7. William P. Kimball (D) 8. Harvey Helm (D) 9. Joseph B. Bennett (R) 10. John W. Langley (R) 11. Don C. Edwards (R) Louisiana 7 constituencies 1. Adolph Meyer (D) until March 8, 1908 Albert Estopinal (D) from November 3, 1908 2. Robert C. Davey (D) until December 26, 1908, after which the seat remained vacant 3. Robert F. Broussard (D) 4. John T. Watkins (D) 5. Joseph E. Ransdell (D) 6. George K. Favrot (D) 7. Arsène Pujo (D) Maine 4 constituencies 1. Amos L. Allen (R) 2. Charles E. Littlefield (R) until September 30, 1908 John P. Swasey (R) from November 3, 1908 3. Edwin C. Burleigh (R) 4. Llewellyn Powers (R) through July 28, 1908 Frank E. Guernsey (R) from November 3, 1908 Maryland 6 constituencies. 1. William Humphreys Jackson (R) 2. Joshua Talbott (D) 3. Harry Benjamin Wolf (D) 4. John Gill Jr. (D) 5. Sydney Emanuel Mudd (R) 6. George Alexander Pearre (R) Massachusetts 14 constituencies 1. George P. Lawrence (R) 2. Frederick H. Gillett (R) 3. Charles G. Washburn (R) 4. Charles Q. Tirrell (R) 5. Butler Ames (R) 6th Augustus Peabody Gardner (R) 7. Ernest W. Roberts (R) 8. Samuel W. McCall (R) 9. John A. Keliher (D) 10. Joseph F. O'Connell (D) 11. Andrew James Peters (D) 12. John Wingate Weeks (R) 13. William S. Greene (R) 14. William C. Lovering (R) Michigan 12 constituencies 1. Edwin Denby (R) 2. Charles E. Townsend (R) 3. Washington Gardner (R) 4. Edward L. Hamilton (R) 5. Gerrit J. Diekema (R) 6. Samuel William Smith (R) 7. Henry McMorran (R) 8. Joseph W. Fordney (R) 9. James C. McLaughlin (R) 10. George A. Loud (R) 11. Archibald B. Darragh (R) 12. H. Olin Young (R) Minnesota 9th constituencies 1. James Albertus Tawney (R) 2. Winfield Scott Hammond (D) 3. Charles Russell Davis (R) 4. Frederick Stevens (R) 5. Frank Nye (R) 6. Charles August Lindbergh (R) 7. Andrew Volstead (R) 8. James Bede (R) 9. Halvor Steenerson (R) Mississippi 8 constituencies 1. Ezekiel S. Candler (D) 2. Thomas Spight (D) 3. Benjamin G. Humphreys II (D) 4. Wilson S. Hill (D) 5. Adam M. Byrd (D) 6. Eaton J. Bowers (D) 7. Frank A. McLain (D) 8. John Sharp Williams (D) Missouri 16 constituencies 1. James Tilghman Lloyd (D) 2. William W. Rucker (D) 3. Joshua W. Alexander (D) 4. Charles F. Booher (D) 5. Edgar C. Ellis (R) 6. David A. De Armond (D) 7. Courtney W. Hamlin (D) 8. Dorsey William Shackleford (D) 9. Champ Clark (D) 10. Richard Bartholdt (R) 11. Henry S. Caulfield (R) 12. Harry Marcy Coudrey (R) 13. Madison R. Smith (D) 14. Joseph J. Russell (D) 15. Thomas Hackney (D) 16. J. Robert Lamar (D) Montana state-wide choice Charles Nelson Pray (R)

Nebraska 6 constituencies 1. Ernest M. Pollard (R) 2. Gilbert Monell Hitchcock (D) 3. John Frank Boyd (R) 4. Edmund H. Hinshaw (R) 5. George W. Norris (R) 6. Moses P. Kinkaid (R) Nevada state-wide election George A. Bartlett (D) New Hampshire 2 electoral divisions 1. Cyrus A. Sulloway (R) 2. Frank Dunklee Currier (R) New Jersey 10 constituencies 1. Henry C. Loudenslager (R) 2. John J. Gardner (R) 3. Benjamin Franklin Howell (R) 4. Ira W. Wood (R) 5. Charles N. Fowler (R) 6. William Hughes (D) 7. Richard W. Parker (R) 8. Le Gage Pratt (D) 9. Eugene W. Leake (D) 10. James A. Hamill (D) New York 37 constituencies 1. William W. Cocks (R) 2. George H. Lindsay (D) 3. Charles T. Dunwell (R) until June 12, 1908 Otto G. Foelker (R) from November 3, 1908 4. Charles B. Law (R) 5. George E. Waldo (R) 6. William M. Calder (R) 7. John Joseph Fitzgerald (D) 8. Daniel J. Riordan (D) 9. Henry M. Goldfogle (D) 10. William Sulzer (D) 11. Charles V. Fornes (D) 12. William Bourke Cockran (D) 13. Herbert Parsons (R) 14. William Willett Jr. (D) 15. J. Van Vechten Olcott (R) 16. Francis Burton Harrison (D) 17. William Stiles Bennet (R) 18. Joseph A. Goulden (D) 19. John Emory Andrus (R) 20. Thomas W. Bradley (R) 21. Samuel McMillan (R) 22. William Draper (R) 23. George N. Southwick (R) 24. George Winthrop Fairchild (R) 25. Cyrus Durey (R) 26. George R. Malby (R) 27. James S. Sherman (R) 28. Charles L. Knapp (R) 29. Michael E. Driscoll (R) 30. John Wilbur Dwight (R) 31. Sereno E. Payne (R) 32. James Breck Perkins (R) 33. Jacob Sloat Fassett (R) 34. Peter A. Porter (R) 35.William H. Ryan (D) 36.De Alva S. Alexander (R) 37. Edward B. Vreeland (R) North Carolina 10 constituencies 1. John Humphrey Small (D) 2. Claude Kitchin (D) 3. Charles R. Thomas (D) 4. Edward W. Pou (D) 5. William Walton Kitchin (D) until January 11, 1909, after which the seat remained vacant 6. Hannibal Lafayette Godwin (D) 7. Robert N. Page (D) 8. Richard N. Hackett (D) 9. Edwin Y. Webb (D) 10. William T. Crawford (D) North Dakota 2 constituencies 1. Thomas Frank Marshall (R) 2. Asle Gronna (R) Ohio 21 constituencies 1. Nicholas Longworth (R) 2. Herman P. Goebel (R) 3. J. Eugene Harding (R) 4. William E. Tou Velle (D) 5. Timothy T. Ansberry (D) 6. Matthew Denver (D) 7. J. Warren Keifer (R) 8. Ralph D. Cole (R) 9. Isaac R. Sherwood (D) 10. Henry T. Bannon (R) 11. Albert Douglas (R) 12. Edward L. Taylor (R) 13. Grant E. Mouser (R) 14. J. Ford Laning (R) 15. Beman Gates Dawes (R) 16. Capell L. Weems (R) 17. William A. Ashbrook (D) 18. James Kennedy (R) 19. W. Aubrey Thomas (R) 20. L. Paul Howland (R) 21. Theodore E. Burton (R) through March 3, 1909 Oklahoma 5 constituencies 1. Bird Segle McGuire (R) from November 16, 1907 2. Elmer L. Fulton (D) from November 16, 1907 3. James S. Davenport (D) from November 16, 1907 4. Charles D. Carter (D) from November 16, 1907 5. Scott Ferris (D) from November 16, 1907 Oregon 2 constituencies 1. Willis C. Hawley (R) 2. William R. Ellis (R) Pennsylvania 32 constituencies. 1. Henry H. Bingham (R) 2. John E. Reyburn (R) through March 31, 1907 Joel Cook (R) from November 5, 1907 3rd J. Hampton Moore (R) 4. Reuben O. Moon (R) 5. William Walker Foulkrod (R) 6. George Deardorff McCreary (R) 7. Thomas S. Butler (R) 8. Irving Price Wanger (R) 9. Henry B. Cassel (R) 10. Thomas David Nicholls (Independent Democrat) 11. John Thomas Lenahan (D) 12. Charles N. Brumm (R) until January 4, 1909, after which the seat remained vacant 13. John Hoover Rothermel (D) 14. George Washington Kipp (D) 15. William Bauchop Wilson (D) 16. John Geiser McHenry (D) 17. Benjamin K. Focht (R) 18. Marlin Edgar Olmsted (R) 19. John Merriman Reynolds (R) 20. Daniel F. Lafean (R) 21. Charles Frederick Barclay (R) 22. George Franklin Huff (R) 23. Allen Foster Cooper (R) 24. Ernest F. Acheson (R) 25. Arthur Laban Bates (R) 26. Jefferson Davis Brodhead (D) 27. Joseph Grant Beale (R) 28. Nelson Platt Wheeler (R) 29. William Graham Harrison (R) 30. John Dalzell (R) 31. James F. Burke (R) 32nd Andrew Jackson Barchfeld (R) Rhode Island 2 electoral districts 1. Daniel LD Granger (D) until February 14, 1909, after which the seat remained vacant 2. Adin B. Capron (R) South Carolina 7 constituencies. 1. George Swinton Legaré (D) 2. James O'Hanlon Patterson (D) 3. Wyatt Aiken (D) 4. Joseph T. Johnson (D) 5. David E. Finley (D) 6. J. Edwin Ellerbe (D) 7. Asbury Francis Lever (D) South Dakota State-wide election for both MPs Philo Hall (R) William H. Parker (R) until June 26, 1908 Eben Martin (R) from November 3, 1908 Tennessee 10 constituencies 1. Walter P. Brownlow (R) 2. Nathan W. Hale (R) 3. John A. Moon (D) 4. Cordell Hull (D) 5. William C. Houston (D) 6. John W. Gaines (D) 7. Lemuel P. Padgett (D) 8. Thetus W. Sims (D) 9. Finis J. Garrett (D) 10. George Washington Gordon (D) Texas 16 constituencies. 1. Morris Sheppard (D) 2. Samuel B. Cooper (D) 3. Gordon J. Russell (D) 4. Choice B. Randell (D) 5. James Andrew Beall (D) 6. Rufus Hardy (D) 7. Alexander W. Gregg (D) 8. John M. Moore (D) 9. George Farmer Burgess (D) 10. Albert S. Burleson (D) 11. Robert Lee Henry (D) 12. Oscar W. Gillespie (D) 13. John Hall Stephens (D) 14. James Luther Slayden (D) 15. John Nance Garner (D) 16. William Robert Smith (D) Utah State Election Joseph Howell (R) Vermont 2 constituencies 1. David J. Foster (R) 2. Kittredge Haskins (R) Virginia 10 constituencies 1. William Atkinson Jones (D) 2. Harry L. Maynard (D) 3. John Lamb (D) 4. Francis R. Lassiter (D) 5. Edward W. Saunders (D) 6. Carter Glass (D) 7. James Hay (D) 8. Charles Creighton Carlin (D) from November 5, 1907 9. Campbell Slemp (R) through October 13, 1907 C. Bascom Slemp (R) from December 17, 1907 10. Henry D. Flood (D) Washington state wide election Wesley Livsey Jones (R) Francis W. Cushman (R) William E. Humphrey (R) West Virginia 5 constituencies 1. William P. Hubbard (R) 2. George Cookman Sturgiss (R) 3. Joseph H. Gaines (R) 4. Harry C. Woodyard (R) 5. James A. Hughes (R) Wisconsin 11 constituencies 1. Henry A. Cooper (R) 2. John M. Nelson (R) 3. James William Murphy (D) 4. William J. Cary (R) 5. William H. Stafford (R) 6. Charles H. Weisse (D) 7. John J. Esch (R) 8. James H. Davidson (R) 9. Gustav Küstermann (R) 10. Elmer A. Morse (R) 11. John J. Jenkins (R) Wyoming state-wide elections Franklin Wheeler Mondell (R)

Members of the House of Representatives who are not entitled to vote:

• Alaska Territory : Thomas Cale (Independent)
• Arizona Territory : Marcus A. Smith (D)
• Territory of Hawaii : Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole (R)
• New Mexico Territory : William Henry Andrews (R)
• Philippines :
  • 1. Benito Legarda (R) from November 22, 1907
  • 2. Pablo Ocampo (D) from November 22, 1907
• Puerto Rico : Tulio Larrinaga (Unionist)

Web links

Commons : 60th United States Congress  - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files

• bioguide.congress.gov (by entering 60 under Year OR Congress: you get a list of the members of the 60th Congress with a link to the official biographies; English)