44th United States Congress

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The 44th United States Congress , made up of the House and Senate , was the United States' legislature . Its legislative term lasted from March 4, 1875 to March 4, 1877. All members of the House of Representatives and a third of the senators ( Class I ) were elected in the 1874 congressional elections. There were different majorities in the two chambers. In the Senate, the Republican Party had a majority, while the Democrats controlled the House of Representatives. The Congress met in the American capital Washington, DC President was the Republican Ulysses S. Grant . The United States then consisted of 38 states, with the 38th state, Colorado, joining the union on August 1, 1876. The distribution of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1870 census .

Important events

See also 1875 1876 and 1877

  • March 4, 1875: Beginning of the legislative period of the 44th Congress
  • The Indian wars continue throughout the legislative period . The country also continues to suffer from an economic crisis that has persisted since 1873. In addition, the reconstruction time continues.
  • November 22, 1875: Vice President Henry Wilson dies of complications from a stroke. This also makes the office of the official Senate President vacant.
  • March 7, 1876: Alexander Graham Bell receives a patent on the telephone he invented.
  • June 25, 1876: At the Battle of Little Bighorn , the 7th US Cavalry Regiment under George Armstrong Custer was destroyed by Indians of the Lakota Sioux, Arapaho and Cheyenne under their leaders Sitting Bull , Crazy Horse and Gall on the Little Bighorn River in what is now Montana beaten. The army has 268 dead, including Custer, and 55 wounded and missing.
  • July 4, 1876: The United States celebrates the 100th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence.
  • August 1, 1876: Colorado becomes the 38th state in the USA.
  • November 7, 1876: US presidential and congressional elections. For the narrow presidential election, see United States Presidential Election 1876 . It was not until March 2, 1877 that a compromise was found that brought Rutherford B. Hayes to the presidency. At the same time, the reconstruction time ends. There are different majorities in the two chambers in the congressional elections. In the Senate, the Republican Party has a majority and in the House of Representatives the Democratic Party has the largest number of MPs.

The main laws

During the session of the 44th Congress, the following federal laws were passed ( see also: Legislative procedure ):

  • March 3, 1877: Desert Land Act

Composition according to parties

senate

  • Democratic Party: 28
  • Republican Party: 45
  • Others: 1
  • Vacant: 0

Total: 74 Still without Colorado's senators

House of Representatives

  • Democratic Party: 182
  • Republican Party: 100
  • Others: 8
  • Vacant: 2

Total: 292

There were also nine congressional delegates who were not entitled to vote

Public officials

senate

House of Representatives

Senate members

The following senators represented their respective states in the 44th Congress:

Alabama

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

new York

North Carolina

Ohio

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South carolina

Tennessee

Texas

Vermont

Virginia

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Members of the House of Representatives

The following congressmen represented the interests of their respective states in the 44th Congress:

Alabama 6 constituencies and two state-elected MPs

Arkansas 4 constituencies

California 4 constituencies

Colorado state wide election

Connecticut 4 constituencies

Delaware state-wide choice

Florida Two constituencies

Georgia 9 constituencies


Illinois 19 constituencies

Indiana 13 constituencies

Iowa 9 constituencies

Kansas 3 constituencies

Kentucky 10 constituencies

Louisiana 6 constituencies

Maine 5 constituencies

Maryland 6 constituencies.

Massachusetts 11 constituencies

Michigan 9 constituencies

Minnesota 3rd constituency

Mississippi 6 constituencies

Missouri 13 constituencies

Nebraska State Choice

Nevada state-wide election

New Hampshire 3 electoral divisions

New Jersey 7 constituencies

New York 33 constituencies

North Carolina 8 constituencies

Ohio 20 constituencies

Oregon state-wide election

Pennsylvania 27 constituencies.

Rhode Island 2 electoral districts

South Carolina 5 constituencies.

Tennessee 10 constituencies

Texas 6 constituencies.

Vermont 3 constituencies

Virginia 9 constituencies

West Virginia 3 constituencies

Wisconsin 8 constituencies

Members of the House of Representatives who are not entitled to vote:

Web links

Commons : 44th United States Congress  - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files
  • bioguide.congress.gov (by entering 44 under Year OR Congress: you get a list of the members of the 44th Congress with a link to the official biographies; English)