71st United States Congress

The 71st United States Congress , made up of the House and Senate , was the United States' legislature . Its legislative term lasted from March 4, 1929 to March 4, 1931. All members of the House of Representatives and one-third of the Senators ( Class I ) were elected in Maine in the November 1928 and September congressional elections. This resulted in a majority in both chambers for the Republican Party , which, along with Herbert Hoover, also provided the president. The only remaining role for the Democratic Party was in the opposition. There were many resignations and deaths during the legislative period, but these did not change the majority. With a total of 27 by-elections, there were more successors during this legislative period than in any other congressional term in the history of this body. The Congress met in the American capital Washington, DC The United States at that time consisted of 48 states. The distribution of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1910 census . (Due to a lack of political majorities, the actual adjustment was not made based on the figures from the 1920 census . The next adjustment was not made until 1933 with the data from the 1930 census ).

Important events

March 4, 1929: Beginning of the legislative period of the 71st Congress. At the same time, Herbert Hoover, who was also elected in November 1928, was introduced to his office as US President. He takes over from Calvin Coolidge .
October 24, 1929: The so-called Black Thursday marked the beginning of the global economic crisis that overshadowed the rest of the legislative period.
October 25, 1929: Former Home Secretary Albert B. Fall is convicted of bribery in connection with the Teapot Dome scandal and is the first American minister to serve a prison sentence for a crime committed during his tenure.

The main laws

During the session of the 71st Congress, the following federal laws were passed ( see also: Legislative procedure ):

June 15, 1929: Agriculture Marketing Act
June 18, 1929: Reapportionment Act of 1929
June 17, 1930: Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act
March 3, 1931: Davis – Bacon Act

Composition according to parties

senate

Democratic Party: 39
Republican Party: 55 (majority)
Others: 1
Vacant: 1

Total: 96

House of Representatives

Democratic Party: 164
Republican Party: 270 (majority)
Others: 1
Vacant: 0

Total: 435

There were also five congressional delegates who were not entitled to vote

Public officials

senate

President of the Senate : Charles Curtis (R)
President pro tempore : George H. Moses (R)

Leadership of the majority party

Majority Leader: James Eli Watson (R)
Majority swhip: Simeon D. Fess (R)

Leadership of the minority party

Minority Leader: Joseph Taylor Robinson (D)
Minority whip: Morris Sheppard (D)

House of Representatives

House Speaker : Nicholas Longworth (R)

Leadership of the majority party

Majority Leader: John Q. Tilson (R)

Leadership of the minority party

Minority Leader: John Nance Garner (D)

Senate members

The following senators represented their respective states in the 71st Congress:

Alabama

2. James Thomas Heflin (D)
3. Hugo Black (D)

Arizona

1. Henry F. Ashurst (D)
3. Carl Hayden (D)

Arkansas

2. Joseph Taylor Robinson (D)
3. Thaddeus H. Caraway (D)

California

1. Hiram Johnson (R)
3. Samuel M. Shortridge (R)

Colorado

2. Lawrence C. Phipps (R)
3. Charles W. Waterman (R)

Connecticut

1. Frederic C. Walcott (R)
3. Hiram Bingham (R)

Delaware

1. John G. Townsend (R)
2. Daniel O. Hastings (R)

Florida

1. Park Trammell (D)
3. Duncan U. Fletcher (D)

Georgia

2. William J. Harris (D)
3. Walter F. George (D)

Idaho

2. William Borah (R)
3. John W. Thomas (R)

Illinois

2. Charles S. Deneen (R)
3. Otis F. Glenn (R)

Indiana

1. Arthur Raymond Robinson (R)
3. James Eli Watson (R)

Iowa

2. Daniel F. Steck (D)
3. Smith W. Brookhart (R)

Kansas

2. Arthur Capper (R)
3. Henry Justin Allen (R) from April 1, 1929 to November 30, 1930
- George McGill (D) from December 1, 1930

Kentucky

2. Frederic M. Sackett (R) until January 9, 1930
- John M. Robsion (R) January 11 through November 30, 1930
- Ben M. Williamson (D) from December 1, 1930
3. Albums W. Barkley (D)

Louisiana

2. Joseph E. Ransdell (D)
3. Edwin S. Broussard (D)

Maine

1. Frederick Hale (R)
2. Arthur R. Gould (R)

Maryland

1. Phillips Lee Goldsborough (R)
3. Millard Tydings (D)

Massachusetts

1. David I. Walsh (D)
2. Frederick H. Gillett (R)

Michigan

1. Arthur H. Vandenberg (R)
2. James J. Couzens (R)

Minnesota

1. Henrik Shipstead (Farmer Labor Party)
2. Thomas David Schall (R)

Mississippi

1. Hubert D. Stephens (D)
2. Pat Harrison (D)

Missouri

1. Roscoe C. Patterson (R)
3. Harry B. Hawes (D)

Montana

1. Burton K. Wheeler (D)
2. Thomas J. Walsh (D)

Nebraska

1. Robert B. Howell (R)
2. George W. Norris (R)

Nevada

1. Key Pittman (D)
3. Tasker Oddie (R)

New Hampshire

2. Henry W. Keyes (R)
3. George H. Moses (R)

New Jersey

1. Hamilton Fish Kean (R)
2. Walter Evans Edge (R) until November 21, 1929
- David Baird (R) from November 30, 1929 to December 2, 1930
- Dwight Morrow (R) from December 3, 1930

New Mexico

1. Bronson M. Cutting (R)
2. Sam G. Bratton (D)

new York

1. Royal S. Copeland (D)
3. Robert F. Wagner (D)

North Carolina

2. Furnifold McLendel Simmons (D)
3. Lee Slater Overman (D) until December 12, 1930
- Cameron A. Morrison (D) from December 13, 1930

North Dakota

1. Lynn Frazier (R)
3. Gerald Nye (R)

Ohio

1. Simeon D. Fess (R)
3. Theodore E. Burton (R) until October 28, 1929
- Roscoe C. McCulloch (R) from November 5, 1929 to November 30, 1930
- Robert J. Bulkley (D) from December 1, 1930

Oklahoma

2. William B. Pine (R)
3. Elmer Thomas (D)

Oregon

2. Charles L. McNary (R)
3. Frederick Steiwer (R)

Pennsylvania

1. David A. Reed (R)
3. William Scott Vare (R) was not admitted by the Senate (see article) but gave up on December 9, 1929
- Joseph R. Grundy (R) from December 11, 1929 to December 1, 1930
- James J. Davis (R) from December 2, 1930

Rhode Island

1. Felix Hebert (R)
2. Jesse H. Metcalf (R)

South carolina

2. Coleman Livingston Blease (D)
3. Ellison D. Smith (D)

South Dakota

2. William H. McMaster (R)
3. Peter Norbeck (R)

Tennessee

1. Kenneth McKellar (D)
2. Lawrence Tyson (D) until August 24, 1929
- William Emerson Brock (D) from September 2, 1929

Texas

1. Tom Connally (D)
2. Morris Sheppard (D)

Utah

1. William H. King (D)
3. Reed Smoot (R)

Vermont

1. Frank L. Greene (R) until December 17, 1930
- Frank C. Partridge (R) from December 23, 1930
3. Porter H. Dale (R)

Virginia

1. Claude A. Swanson (D)
2. Carter Glass (D)

Washington

1. Clarence Dill (D)
3. Wesley Livsey Jones (R)

West Virginia

1. Henry D. Hatfield (R)
2. Guy D. Goff (R)

Wisconsin

1. Robert M. La Follette Jr. (R)
3. John J. Blaine (R)

Wyoming

1. John B. Kendrick (D)
2. Francis E. Warren (R) until November 24, 1929
- Patrick Joseph Sullivan (R) from Dec. 5, 2929 to Nov. 20, 1930
- Robert D. Carey (R) from December 1, 1930

Members of the House of Representatives

The following congressmen represented the interests of their respective states in the 71st Congress:

Alabama 10 constituencies

Arizona state wide election

Lewis Williams Douglas (D)

Arkansas 7 constituencies.

1. William J. Driver (D)
2. Pearl Peden Oldfield (D)
3. Claude A. Fuller (D)
4. Otis Wingo (D) until October 21, 1930
- Effiegene Locke Wingo from November 4, 1930
5. Heartsill Ragon (D)
6. David Delano Glover (D)
7. Tilman Bacon Parks (D)

California 11 constituencies.

1. Clarence F. Lea (D)
2. Harry Lane Englebright (R)
3. Charles F. Curry (R) until October 10, 1930
4. Florence Prague Kahn (R)
5. Richard J. Welch (R)
6. Albert E. Carter (R)
7. Henry E. Barbour (R)
8. Arthur M. Free (R)
9. William E. Evans (R)
10. Joe Crail (R)
11. Phil Swing (R)

Colorado 4 constituencies

Connecticut 5 constituencies

1. E. Hart Fenn (R)
2. Richard P. Freeman (R)
3. John Q. Tilson (R)
4. Schuyler Merritt (R)
5. James P. Glynn (R) until March 6, 1930
- Edward W. Goss (R) from November 4, 1930

Delaware state-wide choice

Robert G. Houston (R)

Florida 4 constituencies

Georgia 12 constituencies

1. Charles Gordon Edwards (D)
2. Edward E. Cox (D)
3. Charles R. Crisp (D)
4. William C. Wright (D)
5. Leslie Jasper Steele (D) until July 24, 1929
- Robert Ramspeck (D) from October 2, 1929
6. Samuel Rutherford (D)
7. Malcolm C. Tarver (D)
8. Charles Hillyer Brand (D)
9. Thomas Montgomery Bell (D)
10. Carl Vinson (D)
11. William Chester Lankford (D)
12. William Washington Larsen (D)

Idaho 2 constituencies

1. Burton L. French (R)
2. Addison T. Smith (R)

Illinois 25 constituencies. In addition, two representatives were elected nationwide

1. Oscar Stanton De Priest (R)
2. Morton D. Hull (R)
3. Elliott W. Sproul (R)
4. Thomas A. Doyle (D)
5. Adolph J. Sabath (D)
6. James T. Igoe (D)
7. M. Alfred Michaelson (R)
8. Stanley H. Kunz (D)
9. Frederick A. Britten (R)
10. Carl R. Chindblom (R)
11. Frank R. Reid (R)
12. John T. Buckbee (R)
13. William Richard Johnson (R)
14. John Clayton Allen (R)
15. Burnett M. Chiperfield (R) from November 4, 1930
16. William E. Hull (R)
17. Homer W. Hall (R)
18. William P. Holaday (R)
19. Charles Adkins (R)
20. Henry T. Rainey (D)
21. Frank M. Ramey (R)
22. Edward M. Irwin (R)
23. William W. Arnold (D)
24. Thomas Sutler Williams (R) until November 11, 1929
- Claude V. Parsons (D) from November 4, 1930
25. Edward E. Denison (R)
26. Ruth McCormick-Simms (R) elected state wide
27. Richard Yates (R) elected state-wide

Indiana 13 constituencies

Iowa 11 constituencies

Kansas 8 constituencies.

Kentucky 11 constituencies

1. William Voris Gregory (D)
2. David Hayes Kincheloe (D) until October 5, 1930
- John Lloyd Dorsey (D) from November 4, 1930
Charles W. Roark (R) until April 5, 1929
- John William Moore (D) from June 1, 1929
4. John D. Craddock (R)
5. Maurice Thatcher (R)
6. J. Lincoln Newhall (R)
7. Robert E. Lee Blackburn (R)
8. Lewis L. Walker (R)
9. Elva R. Kendall (R)
10. Katherine G. Langley (R)
11. John M. Robsion (R) by January 10, 1930
- Charles Finley (R) from March 1, 1930

Louisiana 8 constituencies

1. James O'Connor (D)
2. James Z. Spearing (D)
3. Whitmell P. Martin (D) through April 6, 1929
- Numa F. Montet (D) from October 14, 1929
4. John N. Sandlin (D)
5. Riley J. Wilson (D)
6. Bolivar E. Kemp (D)
7. René L. De Rouen (D)
8. James Benjamin Aswell (D)

Maine 4 constituencies

Maryland 6 constituencies.

Massachusetts 16 constituencies

1. Allen T. Treadway (R)
2. Will Kirk Kaynor (R) by December 20, 1929
- William J. Granfield (D) from February 11, 1930
3. Frank H. Foss (R)
4. George R. Stobbs (R)
5. Edith Nourse Rogers (R)
6. Abram Andrew (R)
7. William P. Connery (D)
8. Frederick W. Dallinger (R)
9. Charles L. Underhill (R)
10. John J. Douglass (D)
11. George H. Tinkham (R)
12. John W. McCormack (D)
13. Robert Luce (R)
14. Richard B. Wigglesworth (R)
15. Joseph William Martin (R)
16. Charles L. Gifford (R)

Michigan 13 constituencies

Minnesota 10th constituencies

1. Victor Christgau (R)
2. Frank Clague (R)
3rd August H. Andresen (R)
4. Melvin Maas (R)
5. Walter Newton (R) until June 30, 1929
- William I. Nolan (R) from July 17, 1929
6. Harold Knutson (R)
7. Ole J. Kvale (Farmer Labor Party) until September 11, 1929
- Paul John Kvale (Farmer Labor Party) from October 6, 1929
8. William Pittenger (R)
9. Conrad Selvig (R)
10. Godfrey G. Goodwin (R)

Mississippi 8 constituencies

Missouri 16 constituencies

Montana 2 electoral districts

1. John M. Evans (D)
2. Scott Leavitt (R)

Nebraska 6 constituencies

Nevada state-wide election

Samuel S. Arentz (R)

New Hampshire 2 electoral divisions

1. Fletcher Hale (R)
2. Edward Hills Wason (R)

New Jersey 12 constituencies

New Mexico state-wide election

Albert G. Simms (R)

New York 43 constituencies

1. Robert L. Bacon (R)
2. William F. Brunner (D)
3. George W. Lindsay (D)
4. Thomas H. Cullen (D)
5. Loring M. Black (D)
6. Andrew Lawrence Somers (D)
7. John Quayle (D) until November 27, 1930
8. Patrick J. Carley (D)
9. David J. O'Connell (D) until December 29, 1930
- Stephen A. Rudd (D) from February 17, 1931
10. Emanuel Celler (D)
11. Anning Smith Prall (D)
12. Samuel Dickstein (D)
13. Christopher D. Sullivan (D)
14. William I. Sirovich (D)
15. John J. Boylan (D)
16. John J. O'Connor (D)
17. Ruth Baker Pratt (R)
18. John F. Carew (D) until December 28, 1929
- Martin J. Kennedy (D) from April 11, 1930
19. Sol Bloom (D)
20. Fiorello LaGuardia (R)
21. Joseph A. Gavagan (D) from November 5, 1929
22. Anthony J. Griffin (D)
23. Frank Oliver (D)
24. James M. Fitzpatrick (D)
25. J. Mayhew Wainwright (R)
26. Hamilton Fish III (R)
27. Harcourt J. Pratt (R)
28. Parker Corning (D)
29. James S. Parker (R)
30. Frank Crowther (R)
31. Bertrand Snell (R)
32. Francis D. Culkin (R)
33. Frederick Morgan Davenport (R)
34. John D. Clarke (R)
35. Clarence E. Hancock (R)
36. John Taber (R)
37. Gale H. Stalker (R)
38. James L. Whitley (R)
39. Archie D. Sanders (R)
40. S. Wallace Dempsey (R)
41. Edmund F. Cooke (R)
42. James M. Mead (D)
43.Daniel A. Reed (R)

North Carolina 10 constituencies

1. Lindsay Carter Warren (D)
2. John H. Kerr (D)
3. Charles Laban Abernethy (D)
4. Edward W. Pou (D)
5. Charles Manly Stedman (D) until September 23, 1930
- Franklin Wills Hancock (D) from November 4, 1930
6. J. Bayard Clark (D)
7. William C. Hammer (D) until September 26, 1930
- Hinton James (D) from November 4, 1930
8. Robert L. Doughton (D)
9. Charles A. Jonas (R)
10. George M. Pritchard (R)

North Dakota 3 constituencies

Ohio 22 constituencies

Oklahoma 8 constituencies

Oregon 3 constituencies

Pennsylvania 36 constituencies

1. James M. Beck (R)
2. George Scott Graham (R)
3. Harry C. Ransley (R)
4. Benjamin M. Golder (R)
5. James J. Connolly (R)
6. George Austin Welsh (R)
7. George P. Darrow (R)
8. James Wolfenden (R)
9. Henry Winfield Watson (R)
10. William Walton Griest (R) until December 5, 1929
- J. Roland Kinzer (R) from January 28, 1930
11. Laurence Hawley Watres (R)
12. John J. Casey (D) through May 5, 1929
- Charles Murray Turpin (R) from June 4th 1929
13. George F. Brumm (R)
14. Charles Joseph Esterly (R)
15. Louis Thomas McFadden (R)
16. Edgar Raymond Kiess (R) until July 20, 1930
- Robert F. Rich (R) from November 4, 1930
17. Frederick William Magrady (R)
18. Edward M. Beers (R)
19. Isaac Hoffer Doutrich (R)
20. James Russell Leech (R)
21. Jacob Banks Kurtz (R)
22. Franklin Menges (R)
23. James Mitchell Chase (R)
24. Samuel Austin Kendall (R)
25. Henry Wilson Temple (R)
26. J. Howard Swick (R)
27. Nathan Leroy Strong (R)
28. Thomas Cunningham Cochran (R)
29. Milton William Shreve (R)
30. William R. Coyle (R)
31. Adam Martin Wyant (R)
32. Stephen Geyer Porter (R) until June 27, 1930
- Edmund Frederick Erk (R) from November 4th 1930
33. Melville Clyde Kelly (R)
34. Patrick Joseph Sullivan (R)
35. Harry Allison Estep (R)
36. Guy Edgar Campbell (R)

Rhode Island 3 electoral constituencies

1. Clark Burdick (R)
2. Richard S. Aldrich (R)
3. Jeremiah E. O'Connell (D) until May 9, 1930
- Francis Condon (D) from November 4, 1930

South Carolina 7 constituencies.

South Dakota 3 constituencies

Tennessee 10 constituencies

Texas 18 constituencies

1. Wright Patman (D)
2. John C. Box (D)
3. Morgan G. Sanders (D)
4. Sam Rayburn (D)
5. Hatton W. Sumners (D)
6. Luther Alexander Johnson (D)
7. Clay Stone Briggs (D)
8. Daniel E. Garrett (D)
9. Joseph J. Mansfield (D)
10. James P. Buchanan (D)
11. Oliver H. Cross (D)
12. Fritz G. Lanham (D)
13. Guinn Williams (D)
August 14th, McCloskey (D) to February 10th, 1930
- Harry M. Wurzbach (R)
15. John Nance Garner (D)
16. Claude Benton Hudspeth (D)
17. Robert Quincy Lee (D) until April 18, 1930
- Thomas L. Blanton (D)
18. John Marvin Jones (D)

Utah 2 constituencies

1. Don B. Colton (R)
2. Elmer O. Leatherwood (R) until December 24, 1929
- Frederick C. Loofbourow (R) from November 4, 1930

Vermont 2 constituencies

1. Elbert S. Brigham (R)
2. Ernest Gibson (R)

Virginia 10 constituencies

Washington 5 constituencies

West Virginia 6 constituencies

1. Carl G. Bachmann (R)
2. Frank L. Bowman (R)
3. John M. Wolverton (R)
4. James A. Hughes (R) until March 2, 1930
- Robert Lynn Hogg (R) from November 4th 1930
5. Hugh Ike Shott (R)
6. Joe L. Smith (D)

Wisconsin 11 constituencies

1. Henry A. Cooper (R) through March 1, 1931
2. Charles A. Kading (R)
3. John M. Nelson (R)
4. John C. Schafer (R)
5. William H. Stafford (R)
6. Florian Lampert (R) until July 18, 1930
- Michael Reilly (D) from November 4, 1930
7. Merlin Hull (R)
8. Edward E. Browne (R)
9. George J. Schneider (R)
10. James A. Frear (R)
11. Hubert H. Peavey (R)

Wyoming state-wide elections

Vincent Carter (R)

Members of the House of Representatives who are not entitled to vote:

Alaska Territory :
- Daniel Sutherland (R)
Hawaii Territory :
- Victor SK Houston (R)
Philippines :
- Pedro Guevara
- Camilo Osias
Puerto Rico :
- Félix Córdova Dávila

Web links

Commons : 71st United States Congress - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files

bioguide.congress.gov (by entering 71 under Year OR Congress: you get a list of the members of the 71st Congress with a link to the official biographies; English)