72nd United States Congress

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The 72nd Congress of the United States , consisting of the House and Senate , was the legislature of the United States . Its legislative term lasted from March 4, 1931 to March 4, 1933. All members of the House of Representatives and one-third of the Senators ( Class II ) were elected in the state of Maine in the November 1930 and September congressional elections. This resulted in a majority in the Senate for the Republican Party , which initially also provided a narrow majority in the House of Representatives. The Democrats managed to get a majority by October 1931. This was made possible through by-elections for deceased or resigned MPs. At the time of the first meeting in December 1931, they already had a majority in the House of Representatives. At the time of the 72nd Congress, Republican Herbert Hoover was US President. The Congress met in the American capital Washington, DC The United States at that time consisted of 48 states. The distribution of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1910 census . (Due to a lack of political majorities, the actual adjustment was not made based on the figures from the 1920 census . The next adjustment was not made until 1933 with the data from the 1930 census ).

Important events

The entire legislative period was overshadowed by the great world economic crisis and the associated problems of those years. These include bank failures, rapidly rising unemployment figures and the resulting dissatisfaction among the population, which is also reflected in political demonstrations.

  • March 4, 1931: beginning of the legislative period of the 72nd Congress
  • July 28, 1932: The so-called Bonus Army is dissolved.
  • November 8, 1932: Presidential and Congressional elections in the United States. The Democrats create a landslide victory in both chambers of Congress. Franklin D. Roosevelt , also a Democrat, is elected future President (in office March 4, 1933).

The main laws

During the session of the 72nd Congress, the following federal laws were passed ( see also: Legislative procedure ):

Composition according to parties

senate

  • Democratic Party: 46
  • Republican Party: 48 (majority)
  • Others: 1
  • Vacant: 1

Total: 96

House of Representatives

  • Democratic Party: 220 (majority)
  • Republican Party: 207
  • Others: 1
  • Vacant: 7

Total: 435 (as of February 16, 1933)

There were also five congressional delegates who were not entitled to vote

Public officials

senate

Leadership of the majority party

Leadership of the minority party

House of Representatives

  • House Speaker : John Nance Garner (D). (At the time of the first session of the 72nd Congress on December 7, 1931, the Democrats already had a majority and, Garner, they elected an MP from among their ranks).

Leadership of the majority party

Leadership of the minority party

Senate members

The following senators represented their respective states in the 72nd Congress:

Alabama

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

new York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Members of the House of Representatives

The following congressmen represented the interests of their respective states in the 72nd Congress:

Alabama 10 constituencies

Arizona state wide election

Arkansas 7 constituencies.

California 11 constituencies.


Colorado 4 constituencies

Connecticut 5 constituencies

Delaware state-wide choice

Florida 4 constituencies

Georgia 12 constituencies

Idaho 2 constituencies

Illinois 25 constituencies. In addition, two representatives were elected nationwide

Indiana 13 constituencies

Iowa 11 constituencies

Kansas 8 constituencies.

Kentucky 11 constituencies

Louisiana 8 constituencies

Maine 4 constituencies

Maryland 6 constituencies.

Massachusetts 16 constituencies

Michigan 13 constituencies

Minnesota 10th constituencies

Mississippi 8 constituencies

Missouri 16 constituencies

Montana 2 electoral districts

Nebraska 6 constituencies

Nevada state-wide election

New Hampshire 2 electoral divisions

New Jersey 12 constituencies

New Mexico state-wide election

New York 43 constituencies

North Carolina 10 constituencies

North Dakota 3 constituencies

Ohio 22 constituencies

Oklahoma 8 constituencies

Oregon 3 constituencies

Pennsylvania 36 constituencies

Rhode Island 3 electoral constituencies

South Carolina 7 constituencies.

South Dakota 3 constituencies

Tennessee 10 constituencies

Texas 18 constituencies

Utah 2 constituencies

Vermont 2 constituencies

Virginia 10 constituencies

Washington 5 constituencies

West Virginia 6 constituencies

Wisconsin 11 constituencies

Wyoming state-wide elections

Members of the House of Representatives who are not entitled to vote:

Web links

Commons : 72nd United States Congress  - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files
  • bioguide.congress.gov (by entering 72 under Year OR Congress: you get a list of the members of the 72nd Congress with a link to the official biographies; English)