75th Congress of the United States

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The 75th Congress of the United States , composed of the House and Senate , was the legislature of the United States . Its legislative term lasted from January 3, 1937 to January 3, 1939. All members of the House of Representatives and a third of the Senators ( Class II ) were elected in November 1936 and September in the state of Maine in the congressional elections. There was a large majority in both chambers for the Democratic Party , which, along with Franklin D. Roosevelt, also provided the president. The Republican Party only had the role in the opposition. During the legislative period there were a few resignations and deaths, but these did not change the majority. The Congress met in the American capital Washington, DC The United States at that time consisted of 48 states. The distribution of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1930 census .

Important events

See also 1937 and 1938

During this legislative period, the US economy continued to recover from the effects of the Great Depression since the Great Depression . The trigger for this was, among other things, the coming into effect of some New Deal laws by the federal government.

  • January 3, 1937: Beginning of the legislative period of the 75th Congress
  • January 20, 1937: President Franklin D. Roosevelt inducted into his second term as US President. This is the first presidential induction on January 20th. Previously, the inaugurations took place every four years on March 4th. See also 20th Amendment to the United States Constitution .
  • February 5, 1937: President Roosevelt introduces the so-called Court-Packing Plan, a judicial reform aimed at increasing the number of federal judges and thus indirectly allowing the president to influence the courts, since the judges are appointed by the president. The plan met with resistance from within his Democratic Party and was finally rejected by the Senate on July 22, 1937.
  • March 26, 1937: William H. Hastie is the first man of African-American descent to become a federal judge.
  • April 12, 1937: The United States Supreme Court declares the National Labor Relations Act , passed in 1935, constitutional.
  • October 5, 1937: President Roosevelt delivers what has become known as the Quarantine Speech.

The main laws

During the session of the 75th Congress, the following federal laws were passed ( see also: Legislative procedure ):

  • May 1, 1937: Neutrality Acts of 1937 see Neutrality Acts .
  • June 3, 1937: Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937
  • August 2, 1937: Marihuana Tax Act of 1937
  • August 5, 1937: National Cancer Institute Act see also National Cancer Institute .
  • August 17, 1937: Miller-Tydings Act
  • March 21, 1938: Wheeler – Lea Act
  • June 8, 1938: Foreign Agents Registration Act
  • June 21, 1938: Natural Gas Act
  • June 25, 1938: Civil Aeronautics Act
  • June 25, 1938: Fair Labor Standards Act
  • June 25, 1938: Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
  • June 25, 1938: Wagner-O'Day Act

Composition according to parties

senate

  • Democratic Party: 75 (majority)
  • Republican Party: 16
  • Others: 4
  • Vacant: 1

Total: 96

House of Representatives

  • Democratic Party: 334 (majority)
  • Republican Party: 88
  • Others 13

Total: 435

There were also four congressional delegates who were not entitled to vote

Public officials

senate

Leadership of the majority party

Leadership of the minority party

House of Representatives

Leadership of the majority party

Leadership of the minority party

Senate members

The following senators represented their respective states in the 75th Congress:

Alabama

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

new York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Members of the House of Representatives

The following congressmen represented the interests of their respective states in the 75th Congress:

Alabama 9 constituencies

Arizona state wide election

Arkansas 7 constituencies.

California 20 constituencies.

Colorado 4 constituencies

Connecticut 5 constituencies. In addition, a member was elected nationwide

Delaware state-wide choice

Florida 5 constituencies

Georgia 10 constituencies

Idaho 2 constituencies

Illinois 25 constituencies. In addition, two representatives were elected nationwide

Indiana 12 constituencies

Iowa 9 constituencies

Kansas 7 constituencies.

Kentucky 9 constituencies

Louisiana 8 constituencies

Maine 3 constituencies

Maryland 6 constituencies.

Massachusetts 15 constituencies

Michigan 17 constituencies


Minnesota 9 constituencies

Mississippi 7 constituencies

Missouri 13 constituencies

Montana 2 electoral districts

Nebraska 5 constituencies

Nevada state-wide election

New Hampshire 2 electoral divisions

New Jersey 14 constituencies

New Mexico state-wide election

New York 43 constituencies: In addition, two MPs were elected nationwide

North Carolina 11 constituencies

North Dakota 2 MPs who were state-elected

Ohio 22 constituencies. In addition, two representatives were elected nationwide.

Oklahoma 8 constituencies. In addition, a member was elected nationwide

Oregon 3 constituencies

Pennsylvania 34 constituencies

Rhode Island 2 electoral districts

South Carolina 6 constituencies.

South Dakota 2 constituencies

Tennessee 9 constituencies

Texas 21 constituencies

Utah 2 constituencies

Vermont 1 constituency (state-wide)

Virginia 9 constituencies

Washington 6 constituencies

West Virginia 6 constituencies

Wisconsin 10 constituencies

Wyoming state-wide elections

Members of the House of Representatives who are not entitled to vote:

Web links

Commons : 75th United States Congress  - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files
  • bioguide.congress.gov (by entering 75 under Year OR Congress: you get a list of the members of the 75th Congress with a link to the official biographies; English)