12th United States Congress

The United States ' 12th Congress , made up of the House and Senate , was the United States' legislature . Its legislative period lasted from March 4, 1811 to March 4, 1813. All members of the House of Representatives and a third of the senators ( class II ) were elected in the 1810 congressional elections. This resulted in a majority for the Democratic Republican Party in both chambers . The congress met in the American capital Washington, DC At that time the United States consisted of 17 states. In the course of the legislature, Louisiana became the 18th state. President was James Madison . The distribution of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1800 census .

Important events

See also 1811 1812 and 1813

• March 4, 1811: beginning of the legislative period of the 12th Congress
• November 6, 1811: In the Battle of Tippecanoe , American troops under the command of the future President William Henry Harrison defeat a coalition of several Indian tribes.
• April 4, 1812: President Madison imposes a 90-day trade embargo on Great Britain.
• April 20, 1812: Vice President George Clinton dies. This also makes the office of President of the Senate vacant.
• April 30, 1812: Louisiana becomes the 18th state in the USA.
• June 4, 1812: Missouri Territory founded
• June 18, 1812: The British-American War of 1812 begins with the United States declaring war on Great Britain .
• 1812: James Madison is re-elected in the 1812 presidential election. In the congressional elections, the Democratic Republican Party defends its majorities in both chambers.

Composition according to parties

senate

• Democratic Republican Party: Sept.
• Federalist Party : 6
• Others (0
• Vacant: 0

Total: 36 (status at the end of the legislative period)

House of Representatives

• Democratic Republican Party: 106
• Federalist Party: 36
• Others (0
• Vacant: 1

Total: 143 (status at the end of the legislative period)

There were also five congressional delegates who were not entitled to vote

Public officials

senate

• President of the Senate : George Clinton (DR) until his death on April 20, 1812. Thereafter the office was vacant.
• President pro tempore : William Harris Crawford (DR)

House of Representatives

• House Speaker : Henry Clay (DR)

Senate members

The following senators represented their respective states in the 12th Congress:

Connecticut 1. Samuel W. Dana (F) 3. Chauncey Goodrich (F) Delaware 1. Outerbridge Horsey (F) 2. James A. Bayard (F) until March 3, 1813 Georgia 2. William Harris Crawford (DR) 3. Charles Tait (DR) Kentucky 2. George M. Bibb (DR) 3. John Pope (DR) Louisiana 3. Allan B. Magruder (DR) from September 3, 1812 2. Jean Noel Destréhan (DR) between September 3 and October 1, 1812 Thomas Posey (DR) from October 8, 1812 to February 4, 1813 James Brown (DR) from February 5, 1813 Maryland 1. Samuel Smith (DR) 3. Philip Reed (DR) Massachusetts 1. James Lloyd (F) 2. Joseph Bradley Varnum (DR) from June 29, 1811 New Hampshire 2. Nicholas Gilman (DR) 3. Charles Cutts (F)

New Jersey 1. John Lambert (DR) 2. John Condit (DR) new York 1. Obadiah German (DR) 3. John Smith (DR) North Carolina 2. James Turner (DR) 3. Jesse Franklin (DR) Ohio 1. Thomas Worthington (DR) 3. Alexander Campbell Pennsylvania 1. Michael Leib (DR) 3. Andrew Gregg (DR) Rhode Island 1. Christopher G. Champlin (F) until October 2, 1811 William Hunter (F) from October 28, 1811 2. Jeremiah B. Howell (DR) South carolina 2. John Taylor 3. John Gaillard (DR) Tennessee 1 Joseph Anderson (DR) 2. Jenkin Whiteside (DR) through October 8, 1811 George W. Campbell from October 8, 1811 Vermont 1. Jonathan Robinson (DR) 3. Stephen R. Bradley (DR) Virginia 1. Richard Brent (DR) 2. William Branch Giles (DR)

Members of the House of Representatives

The following congressmen represented the interests of their respective states in the 12th Congress:

Connecticut All MPs were state-elected. Epaphroditus Champion (F) John Davenport (F) Lyman Law (F) Jonathan O. Moseley (F) Timothy Pitkin (F) Lewis B. Sturges (F) Benjamin Tallmadge (F) Delaware Henry M. Ridgely (F) (elected nationally) Georgia All MPs were elected state-wide. William Wyatt Bibb (DR) Howell Cobb (DR) until 1812, exact date unknown William Barnett (DR) from October 5, 1812 Bolling Hall (DR) George Troup (DR) Kentucky Six constituencies 1. Anthony New (DR) 2. Samuel McKee (DR) 3. Stephen Ormsby (DR) 4. Richard Mentor Johnson (DR) 5. Henry Clay (DR) 6. Joseph Desha (DR) Louisiana Thomas B. Robertson (DR) from December 23, 1812, elected state-wide Maryland Eight constituencies. The fifth electoral district had two MPs. 1. Philip Stuart (F) 2. Joseph Kent (DR) 3. Philip Barton Key (F) 4. Samuel Ringgold (DR) 5A. Alexander McKim (DR) 5B. Peter Little (DR) 6. John Montgomery (DR) until April 29, 1811 Stevenson Archer (DR) from October 26, 1811 7. Robert Wright (DR) 8. Charles Goldsborough (F) Massachusetts Seventeen constituencies 1. Josiah Quincy III (F) 2. William Reed (F) 3. Leonard White (F) 4. Joseph Bradley Varnum (DR) through June 29, 1811 William M. Richardson (DR) from November 4, 1811 5. William Ely (F) 6. Samuel Taggart (F) 7. Charles Turner (DR) 8. Isaiah L. Green (DR) 9. Laban Wheaton (F) 10. Elijah Brigham (F) 11. Abijah Bigelow (F) 12. Ezekiel Bacon (DR) 13. Ebenezer Seaver (DR) 14. Richard Cutts (DR) 15. William Widgery (DR) 16. Peleg Tallman (DR) 17 Barzillai Gannett (DR) to spring 1812, exact date unknown Francis Carr (DR) from April 6, 1812 New Hampshire All MPs were state-elected. Josiah Bartlett (DR) Samuel Dinsmoor (DR) Obed Hall (DR) John Adams Harper (DR) George Sullivan (F) New Jersey All MPs were elected state-wide. Adam Boyd (DR) Lewis Condict (DR) Jacob Hufty (DR) Thomas Newbold (DR) George C. Maxwell (DR) James Morgan (DR) New York Fifteen constituencies. The second and sixth constituencies each had two MPs. 1. Ebenezer Sage (DR) 2A. Samuel Latham Mitchill (DR) 2 B. William Paulding (DR) 3. Pierre Van Cortlandt, Jr. (DR) 4. James Emott (F) 5. Thomas B. Cooke (DR) 6A. Asa Fitch (F) 6B. Robert Le Roy Livingston (F) until May 6, 1812 Thomas P. Grosvenor (F) from January 29, 1813 7. Harmanus Bleecker (F) 8. Benjamin Pond (DR) 9. Thomas Sammons (DR) 10. Silas Stow (DR) 11. Thomas R. Gold (F) 12. Arunah Metcalf (DR) 13. Uri Tracy (DR) 14. Daniel Avery (DR) 15. Peter Buell Porter (DR)

North Carolina Twelve constituencies 1. Lemuel Sawyer (DR) 2. Willis Alston (DR) 3. Thomas Blount (DR) until February 7, 1812 William Kennedy (DR) from January 30, 1813 4. William Blackledge (DR) 5. William R. King (DR) 6. Nathaniel Macon (DR) 7. Archibald McBryde (F) 8. Richard Stanford (DR) 9. James Cochran (DR) 10. Joseph Pearson (F) 11. Israel Pickens (DR) 12. Meshack Franklin (DR) Ohio Jeremiah Morrow (DR) elected nationwide Pennsylvania Eleven constituencies. The first three constituencies had three MPs, the fourth two. The rest one each. 1A. William Anderson (DR) 1B James Milnor (F) 1C. Adam Seybert (DR) 2A. Robert Brown (DR) 2 B. Jonathan Roberts (DR) 2C. William Rodman (DR) 3A. Roger Davis (DR) 3B. John M. Hyneman (F) 3C. Joseph Lefever (DR) 4A. David Bard (DR) 4B Robert Whitehill (DR) 5. George Smith (DR) 6. William Crawford (DR) 7. William Piper (DR) 8. William Findley (DR) 9. John Smilie (DR) until December 30, 1812, after which the seat was vacant 10. Aaron Lyle (DR) 11 Abner Lacock (DR) Rhode Island All MPs were state-elected. Richard Jackson (F) Elisha Reynolds Potter (F) South Carolina Eight constituencies 1. Langdon Cheves (DR) 2. William Butler (DR) 3. David Rogerson Williams (DR) 4. William Lowndes (DR) 5. Richard Winn (DR) 6. John C. Calhoun (DR) 7. Thomas Moore (DR) 8. Elias Earle (DR) Tennessee Three constituencies 1. John Rhea (DR) 2. John Sevier (DR) 3. Felix Grundy (DR) Vermont four constituencies 1. Samuel Shaw (DR) 2. William Strong (DR) 3. James Fisk (DR) 4. Martin Chittenden (F) Virginia 22 constituencies 1. Thomas Wilson (F) 2. John Baker (F) 3. John Smith (DR) 4. William McCoy (DR) 5. James Breckinridge (F) 6. Daniel Sheffey (F) 7. Joseph Lewis (F) 8. John Pratt Hungerford (DR) until November 29, 1811 John Taliaferro (DR) from November 29, 1811 9. Aylett Hawes (DR) 10. John Dawson (DR) 11. John Roane (DR) 12. Burwell Bassett (DR) 13. William A. Burwell (DR) 14. Matthew Clay (DR) 15. John Randolph (DR) 16. James Pleasants (DR) 17. Thomas Gholson (DR) 18. Peterson Goodwyn (DR) 19. Edwin Gray (DR) 20. Thomas Newton (DR) 21. Hugh Nelson (DR) 22. John Clopton (DR)

Members of the House of Representatives who are not entitled to vote:

• Illinois Territory : Shadrach Bond from December 3, 1812
• Indiana Territory : Jonathan Jennings
• Mississippi Territory : George Poindexter
• Missouri Territory : Edward Hempstead from November 9, 1812
• Orleans Territory : Seat vacant

Web links

Commons : 12th United States Congress  - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files

• bioguide.congress.gov (by entering 12 under Year OR Congress: you get a list of the members of the 12th Congress with a link to the official biographies; English)