73rd United States Congress
The 73rd United States Congress , made up of the House and Senate , was the United States' legislature . Its legislative term lasted from March 4, 1933 to January 3, 1935. All members of the House of Representatives and a third of the Senators ( Class III ) were elected in the state of Maine in the November 1932 and September congressional elections. There was a large majority in both chambers for the Democratic Party , which, along with Franklin D. Roosevelt, also provided the president. The Republican Party only had the role in the opposition. During the legislative period there were a few resignations and deaths, but these did not change the majority. The Congress met in the American capital Washington, DC The United States at that time consisted of 48 states. The distribution of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1930 census .
Important events
- March 4, 1933: Beginning of the legislative period of the 73rd Congress. This is the last legislative period that started on March 4th. From 1935 onwards, all legislative periods of the Congress begin every two years on January 3rd. See also 20th Amendment to the United States Constitution .
- March 4, 1933: The new US President Franklin Roosevelt, also elected in November 1932, is introduced to his new office as successor to Herbert Hoover . It is the last regular inauguration of a US president on March 4th. This tradition, which has existed since the dawn of the USA, was replaced by January 20 with the second introduction of Roosevelt in 1937. This was also regulated in the 20th Amendment to the Constitution.
- March 4, 1933: In his inaugural address, Roosevelt proclaims the Good Neighbor Policy .
- December 5, 1933: With the 21st amendment to the Constitution , the 18th Amendment from 1919 is repealed. It is about the prohibition law.
- December 26, 1933: The Montevideo Convention is signed.
- June 18, 1934: The Indian Reorganization Act comes into effect.
- November 1934: In the congressional elections, the Democrats increase their majority in both chambers.
The entire legislative period is shaped by the consequences of the global economic crisis and the great economic depression, which the federal government is fighting with the New Deal policy.
The main laws
During the session of the 73rd Congress, the following federal laws were passed ( see also: Legislative procedure ):
Many of the bills passed between 1933 and 1935 were part of President Roosevelt's New Deal policy.
- March 9, 1933: The Emergency Banking Act is passed within four hours of its submission.
- March 10, 1933: Economy Act of 1933
- March 31, 1933: Civilian Conservation Corps Reforestation Relief Act (see Civilian Conservation Corps )
- May 12, 1933: Agricultural Adjustment Act
- May 12, 1933: Federal Emergency Relief Act
- May 18, 1933: Tennessee Valley Authority Act (see Tennessee Valley Authority )
- June 5, 1933: Securities Act of 1933
- June 12, 1933: Glass-Steagall Act
- June 16, 1933: National Industrial Recovery Act, rejected by the Supreme Court in 1935 as inconstitutional.
- March 24, 1934: Tydings – McDuffie Act, lays the foundation for the later independence of the Philippines .
- June 6, 1934: Securities Exchange Act of 1934
- June 6, 1934: National Firearms Act of 1934, regulates, among other things, the use of automatic weapons.
- June 19, 1934: Communications Act of 1934
Composition according to parties
senate
- Democratic Party: 59 (majority)
- Republican Party: 36
- Others: 1
Total: 96
House of Representatives
- Democratic Party: 311 (majority)
- Republican Party: 117
- Others: 5
- Vacant: 2
Total: 435
There were also five congressional delegates who were not entitled to vote
Public officials
senate
Leadership of the majority party
- Majority Leader: Joseph Taylor Robinson (D)
- Majority swip: J. Hamilton Lewis (D)
Leadership of the minority party
- Minority Leader: Charles L. McNary (R)
- Minority whip: Felix Hebert (R)
House of Representatives
- Speaker of the House of Representatives : Henry T. Rainey (D) until August 19, 1934, thereafter vacant
Leadership of the majority party
- Majority Leader: Joseph W. Byrns (D)
- Majority swip: Arthur H. Greenwood , (D)
Leadership of the minority party
- Minority Leader: Bertrand Snell (R)
- Minority whip: Harry Lane Englebright (R)
Senate members
The following senators represented their respective states in the 73rd Congress:
Members of the House of Representatives
The following congressmen represented the interests of their respective states in the 73rd Congress:
Members of the House of Representatives who are not entitled to vote:
Web links
- bioguide.congress.gov (by entering 73 under Year OR Congress: you get a list of the members of the 73rd Congress with a link to the official biographies; English)