63rd United States Congress
The 63rd United States Congress , made up of the House and Senate , was the United States' legislature . Its legislative period lasted from March 4, 1913 to March 4, 1915. All members of the House of Representatives and a third of the senators ( Class II ) were elected in the 1912 congressional elections. This resulted in a majority in both chambers for the Democratic Party , which with Woodrow Wilson also provided the president. The Republican Party only had the role in the opposition. During the legislative period there were a few resignations and deaths, but these did not change the majority. After the admission of the states of New Mexico and Arizona , there were 96 Senators and 435 Congressmen for the first time. The Congress met in the American capital Washington, DC The United States at that time consisted of 48 states. The distribution of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1910 census .
Important events
- March 4, 1913: Beginning of the legislature of the 63rd Congress. At the same time, the new President Woodrow Wilson, also elected in November 1912, is introduced into office. He replaces William H. Taft .
- April 8, 1913: The 17th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified. It determines that the senators are elected by the people of their respective states and is used for the first time in the 1914 congressional elections.
- March 9, 1914: A smoking ban is enacted in the Senate.
- August 1, 1914: The First World War begins in Europe .
- August 15, 1914: The Panama Canal opens.
- August 19, 1914: President Wilson declares American neutrality in World War I.
- November 1914: In the United States' congressional elections, the Democrats defend their majority in both houses.
- November 16, 1914: The Federal Reserve Bank is opened see also Federal Reserve System .
The main laws
During the session of the 63rd Congress, the following federal laws were passed ( see also: Legislative procedure ):
- May 27, 1913: Core resolution
- July 9, 1913: Saboth Act
- July 15, 1913: Newlands Labor Act
- October 3, 1913: Revenue Act of 1913
- October 22, 1913: Urgent Deficiencies Act
- December 19, 1913: Raker Act
- December 23, 1913: Federal Reserve Act
- May 8, 1914: Smith-Lever Act
- June 24, 1914: Cutter Service Act
- June 30, 1914: Cooperative Funds Act
- July 17, 1914: Agricultural Entry Act
- July 18, 1914: Aviation Service Act
- July 21, 1914: Borland Amendment
- August 13, 1914: Smith-Hayden Act
- August 15, 1914: Sponge Act
- August 18, 1914: Cotton Futures Act of 1914
- August 18, 1914: Foreign Ship Registry Act
- August 22, 1914: Glacier National Park Act of 1914 see also Glacier National Park
- September 2, 1914: War Risk Insurance Act
- September 26, 1914: Federal Trade Commission Act
- October 2, 1914: River and Harbors Act of 1914
- October 15, 1914: Clayton Antitrust Act
- October 22, 1914: Emergency Internal Revenue Tax Act
- December 17, 1914: Harrison Narcotics Tax Act
- January 28, 1915: Coast Guard Act
- March 4, 1915: Merchant Marine Act of 1915
- March 4, 1915: River and Harbors Act of 1915
- March 4, 1915: Standard Barrel Act For Fruits, Vegetables, and Dry Commodities
- March 4, 1915: Federal Boiler Inspection Act
- March 4, 1915: Uniform Bill of Lading Act
- March 4, 1915: Occupancy Permits Act
Composition according to parties
senate
- Democratic Party: 53 (majority)
- Republican Party: 42
- Others: 1
- Vacant: 0
Total: 96
House of Representatives
- Democratic Party: 291 (majority)
- Republican Party: 134
- Others: 10
Total: 435
There were also five congressional delegates who were not entitled to vote
Public officials
senate
Leadership of the majority party
- Majority Leader: J. Hamilton Lewis (D)
Leadership of the minority party
- Minority leader: unknown. The in the engl. James Wolcott Wadsworth Jr. , given in Wikipedia, did not join the Senate until 1915 and therefore could not have held this office before.
House of Representatives
Leadership of the majority party
- Majority Leader: Oscar Underwood (D)
Leadership of the minority party
- Minority Leader: James Mann (R)
Senate members
The following senators represented their respective states in the 63rd Congress:
Members of the House of Representatives
The following congressmen represented the interests of their respective states in the 63rd Congress:
Members of the House of Representatives who are not entitled to vote:
- Alaska Territory : James Wickersham (R)
- Territory of Hawaii : Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole (R)
-
Philippines :
- 1. Manuel Earnshaw
- 2. Manuel Quezon
- Puerto Rico : Luis Muñoz Rivera (Unionist)
Web links
- bioguide.congress.gov (by entering 63 under Year OR Congress: you get a list of the members of the 63rd Congress with a link to the official biographies; English)