Ludwig Ferdinand Hesse

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Ludwig Ferdinand Hesse, around 1845, probably Eduard Gaertner

Ludwig Ferdinand Hesse (born January 23, 1795 in Belgard ad Persante , † May 8, 1876 in Berlin ) was a German builder , court architect and painter who worked in Berlin and mainly Potsdam.

Live and act

Ludwig Ferdinand Hesse was the third child of the butcher and farmer Johann Georg Hesse and his wife Dorothea Maria, née Nöske, in Belgard, Pomerania. After his mother's death, at the age of 13 he came to an uncle who was a surveyor. With him, Hesse received training as a surveyor and instruction in architectural and plan drawing. After a job with the government in Köslin, he did military service in Berlin from 1819 to 1820, while studying at the building academy and the university, which he completed in April 1820 with the surveyor's examination.

After completing his studies, he took up a position as a conductor in the ministerial building commission, first with building officer Johann Gottlieb Schlaetzer and after his death in 1824 with Johann Friedrich Moser . He passed the second examination to become a master builder before an examination committee of the Oberbaudepartement in June 1825 with the so-called "Examination of Architecture". Subsequent study trips took him to Austria, southern Germany and the Rhine in 1828 in order to gain knowledge of vaulted buildings as a member of the construction management of the Friedrichswerder Church . From 1828 he completed the construction of the church under Karl Friedrich Schinkel's direction.

A job in Potsdam as a master road builder, responsible for the roads to Berlin and Charlottenburg , followed from August 1, 1830 and September 1, 1831, as a building inspector in the Berlin ministerial building commission, where he was promoted to court building inspector in 1832. For further training he undertook further study trips to Italy, Sicily, France, Belgium, England, Ireland and Scotland from 1834 to 1835 and from 1838 to 1839 to Russia, Finland, Sweden and Denmark. Architectural sketches, oil landscape paintings and head studies were created on his travels, some of which were shown at Berlin academy exhibitions.

In 1844 Friedrich Wilhelm IV brought him to Potsdam, where he worked at the court building department until 1863. In addition to commissions for private villa construction, Hesse designed drawings based on the king's sketches for the architectural beautification of the residential city and the Sanssouci park. Due to a lack of financial means, however, not all plans of the "romantic on the throne" could be carried out. Hesse worked with well-known architects of his time, such as Ludwig Persius and Friedrich August Stüler , but also built buildings based on his own designs. On January 16, 1847 he was appointed court building officer and on January 12, 1859 he was appointed chief building officer. Hesse published his knowledge in 1854 under the titles Sanssouci and his architectures under Friedrich Wilhelm IV and Executed Rural Residential Buildings and in 1855 Executed Urban Residential Buildings in Berlin . In 1862 he traveled again to London and Paris to study, and in the same year was given responsibility for the Berlin urban planning department. After the death of Friedrich August Stülers in 1865, he succeeded him as director of the Berlin Palace Construction Commission and on May 6, he was appointed the secret court building officer.

Ludwig Ferdinand Hesse's main residence was in Berlin, where he married the 18-year-old adopted daughter of his former boss Johann Gottlieb Schlaetzer on December 30, 1826 in the Dreifaltigkeitskirche in Berlin-Friedrichstadt . The marriage with Pauline Marie Schön, adopted Schlaetzer, gave birth to six children, two of whom died shortly after birth. His two sons, Carl, born in 1827, and Rudolf , born in 1829, later learned their father's profession. The Hesses initially lived for two years in what is now Taubenstrasse and in 1828 they moved into Pauline's parents' house at Wilhelmstrasse 100, which they inherited in 1846.

Pauline Hesse died in 1860 at the age of 53, Ludwig Ferdinand Hesse in 1876 at the age of 81 of a stroke, shortly after a construction tour of the Berlin theater on Gendarmenmarkt. The burial took place in a hereditary burial on the Trinity Cemetery I in front of the Hallesches Tor . The wall grave complex has been preserved - albeit in a very fragmented state.

The city of Potsdam honored him in 1927 in the Nauen suburb with Hessestrasse.

Memberships

  • 1825 member of the "Berlin Art Association"
  • 1838 member of the technical section at the Charité
  • 1843 member of the Berlin Academy of the Arts
  • 1846 Member of the Berlin Architects' Association (joined on April 4th under Mgl.-Nr. 591)
  • 1852 Chairman of the construction company Alexandra Foundation
  • 1866 Appointment to the Senate of the Academy of Arts
  • 1866 corresponding member of the Académie des Beaux-Arts , Section d'Architecture, Paris
  • 1871 to 1873 chairman of the "Berlin non-profit construction company" founded by Friedrich August Stüler in 1847

Buildings (selection)

Berlin

View, sections, floor plan and details of the Lion Bridge, published in the Architectural Album

Potsdam

  • 1843–1844 Remodeling of the dairy in the New Garden , construction management based on a design by Ludwig Persius
  • 1843–1848 Collaboration in the expansion of the side wings of the Marble Palace
  • 1845–1849 Conversion of the Barberini Palace on the Alter Markt with Gustav Emil Prüfer, based on a design by Ludwig Persius (destroyed in 1945, reconstructed in 2015/16)
  • 1845 glass onion dome on the palm house of the Peacock Island. Draft probably Karl Friedrich Schinkel (destroyed in a major fire in 1880)
Villa Heydert
Residential building at the park entrance Charlottenhof (conversion 1846)
  • 1846 crowning of the battlements on the building of the Guard-Ulanen-Kaserne on Luisenplatz (today: seat of the Mittelbrandenburgische Sparkasse )
  • 1846/47 villa ensemble "Koch's houses", Jägerallee 28/29. Built on behalf of the sculptor, plasterer and clay manufacturer Friedrich Wilhelm Koch (1815–1889). In the 1870s and 1880s, renovation and expansion by master mason Rudolf Mangelsdorff († 1921)
  • 1847 Bavarian house on Schäfereiberg in the wildlife park
  • 1847/48 conversion of the mill house. Design by Ludwig Persius
  • 1847–1849 Winery on the Mühlenberg above the Triumphtor, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 25th
  • 1847–1863 Belvedere on the Pfingstberg , designs in collaboration with Friedrich Wilhelm IV. , Ludwig Persius and Friedrich August Stüler
  • 1847–1862 Participation in the planning of the Höhenstraße project (not carried out)
  • 1849 house, Weinbergstr. 12
  • 1849–1850 Conversion of the older bridge tenant house at Neuer Garten into a tower villa, Behlertstrasse. 32
  • 1850–1851 Triumphal Gate at the foot of the Mühlenberg, in collaboration with Friedrich August Stüler
  • around 1850 water feature in the form of a temple at the triumphal gate. Figure of a Danaide (lost) by Franz Woltreck
  • 1850 school house near the Bornstedt Crown Estate
  • 1850–1852 "Old Neuendorfer Church" on Neuendorfer Anger, Potsdam-Babelsberg , design based on sketches by Friedrich Wilhelm IV.
  • 1850 tower villa in the Italian villa style for the master chef Piechowski, Reiterweg 3
  • 1853 Tower extension on Villa Persius, built in 1837/38 (Villa Persius-Keller destroyed in 1945, plot of land at Hegelallee 29 / corner of Schopenhauerstr.)
  • 1854 Belvedere ( Monopteros ) on the Kahler Berg near Potsdam-Eiche
  • 1854–1855 multi-level bowl fountain with a group of figures on Luisenplatz (exchanged in 1903 for a statue of Emperor Friedrich III with a smaller fountain)
  • 1854–1855 Reconstruction of Hofgärtnerhaus Heydert (also Thiemann Villa, or Thiemann House) in the Italian villa style, Friedrich-Ebert-Str. 83
  • 1855–1856 Maetzke house, today "Hotel am Jägertor" (heavily changed), Hegelallee 11
  • 1856 "Einsiedelei", An der Einsiedelei (last tower villa in the Italian style in Potsdam)
  • 1859–1860 Lindstedt Castle , designs in collaboration with Ludwig Persius, Friedrich August Stüler and Ferdinand von Arnim
  • 1859/60 conversion of the chicory mill into a residential building, Schiffbauergasse 2-4 (today next to the Hans Otto Theater )

Sanssouci Park

Water cascade in the paradise garden. In the background the western corner pavilion of the Orangery Castle
Monumental vase made of cast zinc from 1848. Since 1862 on the central terrace in front of the Orangery Castle
The so-called Rossbrunnen
  • from 1840 redesign work on the new chambers
  • 1844–1846 construction management during the conversion of the kitchen gardener's house into Villa Illaire, based on designs by Ludwig Persius
  • 1845–1854 Friedenskirche in Sanssouci Park, construction management with Ferdinand von Arnim according to plans by Ludwig Persius and Friedrich August Stüler as well as the royal crypt 1861–1864 and the exit gates: 1850–54 column gate, 1851/52 Dreikönigstor on Schopenhauerstraße and 1854 the green grid
  • 1846 marble cascade in the paradise garden
  • 1846 House at the park entrance to the Charlottenhofer section of the Sanssouci park, today: Geschwister-Scholl-Strasse 35
  • 1847 Residential house conversion in Maulbeerallee for the widow of the architect Ludwig Persius. Today the institute building of the University of Potsdam in the Botanical Garden
  • 1847–1849 Mill house next to the historical mill of Sanssouci based on designs by Ludwig Persius
  • 1854 White-blue glass column with a gold-plated cast zinc capital for the Marly Gardens , the Rose Island in Lake Starnberg and the Zarin Island in the Kolonistenpark, Peterhof . Crowned with the gold-plated cast zinc figure of a girl with a parrot based on a design by Heinrich Berges , executed by Siméon Pierre Devaranne
  • 1847–1850 Redesign of the upper terrace and below the picture gallery, including a water feature with an antique granite tub, canopy fountain, putti wall, cascade and restoration work on the Neptune grotto
  • 1848 eight semicircular marble benches around the large fountain in the French round figure below the vineyard terraces. Made in Carrara .
  • 1848 four marble fountain walls on the ground floor below the vineyard terraces. Made in Carrara
  • 1850 Reconstruction of the building of the garden administration below the Sanssouci Palace (former residence and official seat of Peter Joseph Lenné , today: palace and garden administration of the SPSG )
  • 1851–1864 Orangery Castle , especially interior design. Draft by Friedrich Wilhelm IV., Executed in collaboration with Friedrich August Stüler
  • 1852 Cattle trough, so-called “Rossbrunnen”, on the Maulbeerallee below the main courtyard of Sanssouci Palace. Design by Hesse based on a sketch by Friedrich Wilhelm IV.
  • 1851 Frog fountain, boy figure (designed by Stüler) and frog models by Friedrich Wilhelm Dankberg (removed shortly after 1900)
  • 1861–1862 Marstall below the historic mill (today: visitor center)
  • 1862 Remise below the mill house
  • Different designs for zinc vases. Two copies have been preserved on the central terrace in front of the Orangery Palace. Execution: Friedrich Wilhelm Dankberg, casting: Simeon Pierre Devaranne

Further

literature

Web links

Commons : Ludwig Ferdinand Hesse  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Andreas Kitschke: Porticus. P. 15.
  2. ^ Hans-Jürgen Mende : Lexicon of Berlin burial places. Pharus-Plan, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-86514-206-1 , p. 226.
  3. ↑ Ludwig Ferdinand Hesse: Executed rural residential buildings. Second delivery: rural residential buildings in the vicinity of Sanssouci and Potsdam. [...]. Berlin / Potsdam 1855. Explanatory text on page 12 Conversion of the home of the art gardener Heydert in front of the Nauener Thor in Potsdam. Hesse writes that the renovation was carried out on a massive scale in October 1854 . The city historian Hans Kania gives in the cadastral index 14, fol. 60, archive of the city administration Potsdam, wrongly "around 1845".
personal data
SURNAME Hesse, Ludwig Ferdinand
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German builder and architect
DATE OF BIRTH January 23, 1795
PLACE OF BIRTH Belgard , Pomerania
DATE OF DEATH May 8, 1876
Place of death Berlin