Ludwig Gotthard Kosegarten

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Ludwig Gotthard Kosegarten
Signature Gotthard Ludwig Kosegarten.PNG

Ludwig Gotthard Kosegarten ; also Gotthart Ludwig Kosegarten , Ludwig Theobul Kosegarten u. on ( February 1, 1758 in Grevesmühlen , † October 26, 1818 in Greifswald ) was pastor of the Altenkirchen church on Rügen , later professor at the University of Greifswald . He has also made a name for himself as a poet .

Life and accomplishments

Sermon on the shore at Vitt. (Watercolor by Theodor Schwarz )
Sermons on the shore in Vitt von Kosegarten
Memorial plaque for Ludwig Gotthard Kosegarten at the house where he died in Greifswald

As the son of the Lutheran theologian and pastor Bernhard Christian Kosegarten (1722–1803), he received lessons in classical languages ​​at home. From 1775 he studied at the University of Greifswald theology . After 1777, due to lack of money, he took alternating positions as private tutor on Rügen and in Mecklenburg . In July 1781 he passed the exam with applause. In the summer of 1785 he became rector of the boys' school in Wolgast ; The later painter Philipp Otto Runge was one of his students here . In the same year he received his doctorate in philosophy and master's degree in liberal arts from the University of Bützow . His dissertation is entitled De pulcro essentiali ( On essential beauty ). In 1786 Kosegarten married Katharina Linde in Greifswald. In 1793 he acquired the theological doctorate at the University of Rostock .

After his ordination in Greifswald in 1792, he received the pastor's position in the Altenkirchen parish church on Rügen. In this capacity he gave the famous shore sermons on the cliffs near Vitt . There he went to herring fishermen who were unable to come to the church in Altenkirchen during the herring fishing period because of their work. These sermons were a great success, which is why the Vitter Chapel was built from 1806 . During his stay on Rügen, he wrote many reports about the island that made both him and Rügen known.

In 1808 Kosegarten was appointed as an extraordinary history professor at the University of Greifswald at his own request. In 1811, 1814 and 1816 he was dean of the philosophical faculty. He kept his pastoral position in Altenkirchen until 1816, but was represented there by his son-in-law Hermann Baier, who then became his successor in 1816. In 1816 he became 3rd professor of theology and pastor at the Jakobikirche at the University of Greifswald. Since 1815 he has occasionally given lectures on the history of Pomerania . He was rector of the university twice.

Ludwig Gotthard Kosegarten died on October 26, 1818 at four o'clock in the morning in his house at Domstrasse 9 in Greifswald. According to his wishes, he was buried in the Altenkirchen cemetery.

His son Gottfried Kosegarten became an orientalist, linguist and professor in Greifswald.

Name forms

Kosegarten

For hardly any other historical personality there is a comparable variety of different combinations and rankings of actual or supposed first names in literature. According to a document, the later poet was baptized by the hand of the father in the church register Grevesmühlen with the name "Gotthard Ludewig Kosegarten". "Theobul" was later added to the church book as Kosegarten's Greek translation of his first name Gotthard, which he temporarily used himself as the "poet's name", but ultimately rejected it because of a translation error. In the last years of his life, the poet usually drew as "Ludwig Gotthard Kosegarten". This order of first names is also on his tombstone and has established itself as the most common name form today. However, the Grevesmühlen Heimatverein decided to use the normalized church registry name Gotthard Ludwig K. in all publications and campaigns on the occasion of the poet's 250th birthday. A street named after the poet in his hometown is called “Ludwig-Kosegarten-Straße”, above the entrance to the secondary school in Wolgast it says “Gotthart-L.-Th.-Kosegarten” and in many other places something else.

Kosegarten and Smith

Kosegarten translated Adam Smith's Theory of Moral Sentiments ( theory of ethical feelings ) for the first time in the 6th edition published in 1791 completely into German. The work of the Scottish moral philosopher was then considered to be much more important than his foundation "Prosperity of Nations" (Edinburgh 1776), which is regarded today as the foundation of political economy. A year earlier, the third edition of the work was translated into German by Rautenberg. While the "prosperity" about the Königsberg philosopher Krauss was received in German, Kosegarten had dealt with the translation. Kosegarten's travels on the Baltic Sea suggest that he came into contact with Johann Georg Hamann or Christian Krauss in Königsberg or Riga , who formed the core of the Enlightenment community for Anglo-Saxon writings. The translation took place a year after Smith's death. It was based on the last version in the Glasgower Edition, revised by Smith himself.

August Thieme on Kosegarten

August Thieme wrote the following verse about him:

And kosegarten, dithyram whizzing
And gloomy star paintings
The sultry breaks in the night thunderstorm
His eye rolls wildly through the deserts of water;
Which the Abysse foam, the surf roar,
Melodically lofty psalms rumble;
Who lulls us in peace when he flutes,
Stunned with gray when he drums in the storm.

Works (selection)

  • Seals . 12 volumes. Greifswald, Universitäts-Buchhandlung 1824–1827 (the most important collection of works to date contains 1: English and Scottish songs. - 2: Jucunde. - 3: The island trip. 4: Legends. Legends of the ecclesiastical prehistoric times. - 5: Legends of the past Ersische Sagas. - 6-11: Lyric poems. - 12: Kosegarten's life).
  • Tears and delights. Stralsund 1778. (poems)
  • Psyche. A fairy tale of antiquity. Leipzig 1786.
  • Poems. 2 volumes, Leipzig 1788.
  • Rhapsodies.
    • 1st part, Leipzig 1790
    • 2nd part, Leipzig 1794
    • 3rd part, Leipzig 1801 ( digitized version )
  • Haining's letters to Emma. 2 volumes. Leipzig 1791.
  • Ewald's rose moons. (Novel). 1791.
  • Theory of Moral Feelings. Leipzig 1791. [First German translation of Adam Smith's Theory of Moral Sentiments] ( digitized version )
  • Eudaemon’s letters to Psyche, or investigations into the primal beautiful, primal truth and primal good. Leipzig 1796.
  • Poetry. 3 volumes. Leipzig 1798–1802
  • The state and the Jews, an important matter. Hamburg 1799
  • British Odeon. Memoirs of the Lives and Writings of the Latest British Poets. 2 volumes, Berlin 1800.
  • Ebba from Medem. A tragedy in five acts. Hamburg 1800.
  • Ida von Plessen, a romantic poem. Dresden 1800.
  • Flowers. Collection of Scottish, Swedish, Danish folk songs. Berlin 1801.
  • Bianca del Giglio, a romantic poem. Dresden 1801.
  • Adele Cameron, a romantic poetry. Dresden 1803.
  • Jukunde. A rural seal in five eclogues. Johann Friedrich Unger, Berlin 1803 ( digitized ).
  • Countess Julie von Steinau or the ways of fate. Mainz and Hamburg 1803.
  • The island trip, or Aloysius and Agnes. A rural seal in six eclogues. Berlin 1804.
  • Legends. 2 volumes, Berlin 1804 (inspired Gottfried Keller to write his Seven Legends )
  • Patriotic chants. Berlin and Greifswald 1813. ( digitized in the digital library Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania)
  • History of his fiftieth year . Leipzig 1816 ( digitized version )
  • The sayings of the ostrich girls. Greifswald 1818.
  • Shore sermons and hymnological essays , ed. Gottl. Christian. Ms. Mohnike. Stralsund 1831 (speeches and small prosaic writings, volume 1).

See also

literature

  • Norbert Buske : Ludwig Gotthard (Theobul) Kosegarten. In: Pomerania. Journal of Culture and History. Issue 1/2008, ISSN  0032-4167 , pp. 2-9.
  • Katharina Coblenz-Arfken: Kosegarten. Herald of the romanticism of Rügen and Hiddensee. Hamburger Haiku Verlag, Hamburg 2009. ISBN 978-3-937257-91-4 .
  • Katharina Coblenz (ed.): Gotthard Ludwig Theobul Kosegarten: Letters from a shipwrecked man. 6th edition Edition Temmen, Bremen 2010. ISBN 978-3-86108-107-4 .
  • Adalbert Elschenbroich:  Kosegarten, Ludwig Gotthard. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 12, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1980, ISBN 3-428-00193-1 , p. 612 ( digitized version ).
  • H. Franck: Gotthard Ludwig Kosegarten. Publishing house of the bookstore of the orphanage, Halle 1887.
  • Adolf Häckermann :  Kosegarten, Ludwig Gotthard . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 16, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1882, pp. 745-751.
  • Lewis M. Holmes: Kosegarten - The turbulent life and times of a northern German poet. Peter Lang, New York 2004. ISBN 0-8204-7074-0 .
  • Lewis M. Holmes: The latest results from the Kosegartenforschung. In: Baltic Studies. NF, Vol. 92 (2006), ISSN  0067-3099 , pp. 23-42.
  • Alexander Muschik: Ludwig Theobul Kosegarten (1758–1818) et la réception de la philosophie rousseauiste en Poméranie suédoise. In: Etudes Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Vol. 18 (2010), pp. 315–346.
  • Eberhard Rohse : regionality, poeticism, theology of nature. “Sermons on the banks” on Rügen in Ludwig Gotthard Kosegarten's factory. In: Wilhelm Kühlmann and Horst Langer (eds.): Pomerania in the early modern times. Literature and culture in the city and region. Niemeyer Verlag, Tübingen 1994 (= early modern times, vol. 19), pp. 449-499. ISBN 3-484-36519-6 .
  • Andrea Rudolph: Rügische 'art period'. Ludwig Gotthard Kosegarten. In: Andrea Rudolph: Myth. History. Political Society. Cultural transcriptions of Pomerania in pictorial poetry, 'amber witches' and travel works. (= Contributions to cultural studies. Sources and research, vol. 7). Dettelbach 2011. ISBN 978-3-89754-406-2 , pp. 59-86.
  • Susanne Siebert:  KOSEGARTEN, Ludwig Gotthard Theobul. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 4, Bautz, Herzberg 1992, ISBN 3-88309-038-7 , Sp. 537-539.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  • Morten Solvik : "Songs in a sociable game. Schubert's Kosegarten cycle from 1815 deciphered." In: Österreichische Musikzeitschrift 53/1 (January 1998), pp. 31–39.
  • Morten Solvik: "Finding a Context for Schubert's Kosegarten Cycle" in Schubert and his friends. "Edited by Eva Badura-Skoda , Gerold W. Gruber , Walburga Litschauer , and Carmen Ottner . (Vienna: Böhlau Verlag, 1999), p. 169 -182.
  • Morten Solvik: Schubert's Kosegarten Cycle. A Liederspiel from 1815. [Book in preparation]
  • Katharina Coblenz: Idyll-Crisis-Maturity. Ludwig Gotthard Kosegarten in the mirror of unpublished letters. In: Wilhelm Kühlmann , Horst Langer (Hrsg.): Pomerania in the early modern times. Literature and culture in the city and region. Max Niemeyer Verlag, Tübingen 1994, pp. 521-531, ISBN 3-484-36519-6 .
  • Michael Lissok: Death and resurrection in the poetic work of Ludwig Gotthard Kosegarten and the art of tombs between 1770 and 1840 in Western Pomerania - a comparison. In: Wilhelm Kühlmann , Horst Langer (Hrsg.): Pomerania in the early modern times. Literature and culture in the city and region. Max Niemeyer Verlag, Tübingen 1994, pp. 563-588, ISBN 3-484-36519-6 .
  • Gerd-Helge Vogel : The importance of Ludwig Gotthard Kosegarten for the development of the early romantic worldview in Caspar David Friedrich . In: Wilhelm Kühlmann , Horst Langer (Hrsg.): Pomerania in the early modern times. Literature and culture in the city and region. Max Niemeyer Verlag, Tübingen 1994, ISBN 3-484-36519-6 .

Web links

Commons : Ludwig Gotthard Kosegarten  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Ludwig Gotthard Kosegarten  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See the entry of Ludwig Gotthard Kosegarten's doctoral degree in the Rostock matriculation portal
  2. ↑ Eckhard Redersborg: The variants of the first names of Gotthard Ludwig Kosegarten. In: Information from the Heimatverein Grevesmühlen e. V. Vol. 15 (2007) No. 1, pp. 7-13 and No. 2, pp. 14-15. - See also: Name forms according to GND 11898618X .
  3. ↑ http://www.hamann-kolloquium.de/Ausgabe
predecessor Office successor
Carl Friedrich Voigt Rector of the University of Greifswald
1812 		Johann Friedrich Droysen
Gustav Salomon Tillberg Rector of the University of Greifswald
1818 		Carl Friedrich Voigt
personal data
SURNAME Kosegarten, Ludwig Gotthard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kosegarten, Ludwig Theobul
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German pastor, professor and poet
DATE OF BIRTH February 1, 1758
PLACE OF BIRTH Grevesmühlen
DATE OF DEATH October 26, 1818
Place of death Greifswald