Maximilian von Höhn

Maximilian Hoehn , 1911 Knights of Hoehn , (* 16th August 1859 in Kitzingen ; † 26. April 1936 in Starnberg ) was a Bavarian General of Artillery in the First World War .

Life

family

He was the son of the chief magistrate Sebastian Höhn and his wife Mathilde, née Henke. Höhn married Ellen, née Köster, in 1887. The marriage produced a daughter. He married again on October 1, 1925, Margarethe, nee Geis.

Military career

After completing the humanistic grammar school , Höhn joined the 2nd field artillery regiment "vacant Brodesser" of the Bavarian Army in Würzburg on August 3, 1878 . After his appointment as Portepeefähnrich in August 1878, he was promoted to Second Lieutenant on November 30, 1879 . From 1886 to 1889 Höhn graduated from the war academy , which made him qualified for the general staff and the higher adjudicacy. He returned to his regiment as a prime lieutenant . From November 1, 1891, Höhn was ordered to serve in the General Staff in Munich for a year . On September 22, 1893, he was promoted to captain . In mid-January 1894 he was transferred to the Central Office of the General Staff and on October 1 he was assigned to the railway department of the General Staff in Berlin for a year . On September 17, 1896, he was reassigned to the General Staff of the 1st Army Corps in Munich. In March 1897 he became battery chief in the 3rd field artillery regiment "Prince Leopold" , on September 19, 1900 major and then he joined the general staff of the 3rd division . On September 30, 1902 he was department commander in the 9th Field Artillery Regiment in Landsberg am Lech and in this position was promoted to lieutenant colonel on April 22, 1904 . On April 9, 1905, Höhn came back to Munich as a department head in the General Staff. Two days after his promotion to colonel on December 12, 1906, he was appointed commander of the 3rd field artillery regiment "Prince Leopold" . On April 28, 1908, Höhn took over the 1st Field Artillery Brigade in Munich. On March 26, 1909, he was promoted to major general , and on March 11, 1910, he took command of the foot artillery brigade . Höhn was awarded the Order of the Bavarian Crown for his services . The personal nobility was associated with the award and, after being entered in the knight class of the nobility matriculation, from April 27, 1911 he was allowed to call himself Ritter von Höhn. On March 23, 1912, he became lieutenant general and, with the position of quartermaster, reassigned to the Great General Staff in Berlin. On March 27, 1913, he succeeded General Oskar von Xylander and became commander of the 6th Division in Regensburg .

First World War

At the beginning of the First World War he took part in the Association of III. Army Corps participated in the border battles of the 6th Army in the Metz area. From 20 to 22 August 1914 his division took part in the Battle of Lorraine and fought with the French 2nd Army in the battle of Nancy - Épinal until September 14 . The trench warfare between Maas and Moselle followed in mid-September . For his leadership in the attack and storming of the Côtes Lorraines and the occupation of the Chauvoncourt bridgehead, Höhn was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Military Max Joseph Order on September 20, 1914 .

On February 14, 1915, during the winter battle in Champagne, he became Chief of the General Staff of the 3rd Army under Colonel General Karl von Eine . On September 25, 1915, after the autumn battle at La Bassée and Arras, he became the commander of the 2nd Guard Division . This defensive battles took place in the Artois until mid-October, followed by positional battles between Roye and Noyon in the section of the 2nd Army in the first half of 1916 . Between July 10 and October 15, 1916 he was briefly commander of the 6th Bavarian Division for a second time and was deployed in the Battle of the Somme during this time . On October 16, he was promoted to general of the artillery . On October 16, 1916 he replaced General Magnus von Eberhardt as the new commanding general of the XV. Reserve Corps . In April 1917, during the battle of the Aisne , his corps formed the Army Reserve at Sissonne and was replaced by General Command No. 65. After that, the XV. Reserve Corps to Lorraine and established itself in 1918 as the Mörchingen group , later as the Weiler group with the Army Group Duke Albrecht .

On August 8, 1918 Hoehn was up to the end of the war to the disposition provided. After the fall of the monarchy in Munich, he took over from April 25 to September 30, 1919 as commanding general of the 1st Army Corps and was then dismissed.

Awards

In addition to the Knight's Cross of the Military Max Joseph Order, Höhn received several awards during the war. He received both classes of the Iron Cross , the Military Merit Order I Class with Crown and Swords, and on March 20, 1915 the Knight's Cross of the Military Order of St. Henry . In peacetime he had already received the Order of the Red Eagle, 2nd class.

literature

• Othmar Hackl : The Bavarian War Academy (1867-1914). CH Beck´sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Munich 1989, ISBN 3-406-10490-8 , p. 474.
• Rudolf von Kramer, Otto Freiherr von Waldenfels: VIRTUTI PRO PATRIA. The Royal Bavarian Military Max Joseph Order of War Deeds and Book of Honor 1914–1918. Self-published by the Royal Bavarian Military Max Joseph Order, Munich 1966, pp. 323–324.

Web link

• Biography in the Bavarian Administrative Handbook

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Othmar Hackl : The Bavarian War Academy (1867-1914). CH Beck´sche publishing house bookstore. Munich 1989. ISBN 3-406-10490-8 . P. 474.
2. ^ Military weekly paper . No. 23 of August 22, 1918, p. 372.
3. ↑ The Royal Saxon Military St. Heinrichs Order 1736-1918. An honor sheet of the Saxon Army. Wilhelm and Bertha von Baensch Foundation, Dresden 1937, p. 327.