Nowy Staw

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Nowy Staw
Coat of arms of Gmina Nowy Staw
Nowy Staw (Poland)
Nowy Staw
Nowy Staw
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Pomerania
Powiat : Malbork
Gmina : Nowy Staw
Area : 4.65  km²
Geographic location : 54 ° 8 ′  N , 19 ° 0 ′  E Coordinates: 54 ° 8 ′ 0 ″  N , 19 ° 0 ′ 0 ″  E
Residents : 4185
Postal code : 82-230
Telephone code : (+48) 55
License plate : GMB
Economy and Transport
Street : Nowy Dwór Gdański - Malbork
Next international airport : Danzig



Nowy Staw [ ˈnɔvɨ ˈstaf ] ( German : Neuteich ; Kashubian : Nytëch ) is a town with about 4400 inhabitants in the powiat Malborski ( Marienburg ) in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship . It is the seat of the urban and rural community of the same name .

Geographical location

The small town is located in the former West Prussia , 26 kilometers west of the city of Elbląg ( Elbing ) on the river Święta ( Schwente ) .

history

Marketplace with the former Protestant church ( pencil , cultural center since 2012).
Church of the Apostle Matthew .
Old arcade house.

The oldest part of Nowy Staw is the formerly independent village Neuteichsdorf (Stawiec) north of the city . The village was founded in 1316 by the Teutonic Order ; the privileges had been granted to him by Werner von Orelen , who was then Grand Commander of Marienburg. It was mentioned in 1316 in a document from the Marienburger Komtur Niclaus von Hollant. The town of Neuteich was probably created around 1329, but this can only be proven from 1350.

Its inhabitants were arable citizens and it was the market place for the farmers from the surrounding areas in the delta of Vistula and Nogat . The Catholic St. Matthew's Church was built before the great city fire of 1400.

In 1409 the Teutonic Order began producing black powder in Neuteich , and in the middle of the 15th century the citizens of Danzig built an oil mill here .

During the Swedish-Polish wars , the city was occupied and looted several times. Between the city and the Schwente a new district grew in the 18th century, the Neustadt. Since then, the right bank of the Schwente in particular has been built on towards the south.

In 1886 the railway line from Simonsdorf via Neuteich to Tiegenhof was put into operation. Since 1900, the city was also connected to the narrow-gauge railway network of West Prussian Kleinbahnen AG, the line is now closed.

Several mills were located in the city, it was a center of the grain trade and known for its horse markets. The largest operation was the sugar factory, which still produces today.

The city had belonged to the Marienburg district (West Prussia) since 1818 . In 1920 Neuteich moved from the German district of Marienburg to the district of Großes Werder in the Free State of Danzig . With the capture of the Free State by Germany in 1939 and the subsequent annexation, which was not recognized under international law, Neuteich came under German rule until 1945.

During the Second World War , Neuteich once again belonged to the German Empire . In Neuteich, an external unit of the Stutthof concentration camp was set up. On March 11, 1945 Neuteich was captured by the Red Army . On May 15, 1945 the city was placed under Polish administration. For the city of Neuteich, the Polish migrants first introduced Nytych and then from 1947 Nowy Staw as a place name, which also means Neuteich . As far as the German residents had not fled, most of them were expelled from Neuteich in the following period .

The city is well preserved to this day. The former Protestant church on the market, the Neuteicher pencil , has been the town's cultural center since 2012.

Demographics

Population development until 1945
year Residents Remarks
1782 1470 including 1,001 Evangelicals, 352 Catholics and 117 Mennonites
1802 1301
1810 1292
1816 1318 730 Protestants, 442 Catholics and 118 Jews
1821 1498
1831 1338 mostly evangelicals
1871 1682
1875 1831
1880 2145
1890 2428 1,176 Protestants, 1,110 Catholics and 76 Jews
1905 2648 thereof 1,417 Evangelicals, 1,105 Catholics and 76 Jews (97.5% German)
1929 3766
1943 4120
Population since the end of the Second World War
year Residents Remarks
2007 4443

Town twinning

sons and daughters of the town

literature

Web links

Commons : Nowy Staw  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Footnotes

  1. ^ Hermann Eckerdt: History of the Marienburg district . Bretschneider, Marienburg 1868, p. 19 .
  2. ↑ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Marienburg district in West Prussia (Polish Malbork). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  3. ^ Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia . Part II, Marienwerder 1789, pp. 18-19, No. 3).
  4. ↑ a b c d Alexander August Mützell and Leopold Krug : New topographical-statistical-geographical dictionary of the Prussian state . Volume 5: T – Z , Halle 1823, pp. 346–347, item 488.
  5. ^ August Eduard Preuss : Prussian country and folklore or description of Prussia. A manual for primary school teachers in the province of Prussia, as well as for all friends of the fatherland . Bornträger Brothers, Königsberg 1835, pp. 430–431. .
  6. ↑ Handbook on the Royal Prussian Court and State for the year 1875 . Berlin 1874, p. 919.
  7. ^ A b c Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Marienburg district in West Prussia (Polish Malbork). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  8. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of West Prussia: based on the materials from the census of December 1, 1905 and other official sources, pp. 76-77.
  9. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. dan_grosseswerder.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).