Niedergailbach
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Niedergailbach
community Gersheim
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| Height : | 236 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 5.19 km² | |
| Residents : | 581 (2000) | |
| Population density : | 112 inhabitants / km² | |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1974 | |
| Postal code : | 66453 | |
| Area code : | 06843 | |
Location of Niedergailbach in Saarland |
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 Niedergailbach seen from Wiese across the road to Obergailbach .
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The village of Niedergailbach ( Gelbach in the local dialect ), part of the Bliesgau, is a district of the municipality of Gersheim in the Saarpfalz district ( Saarland ). Until the end of 1973 Niedergailbach was an independent municipality in the Homburg district .
geography
Gailbach
The name of Niedergailbach and the Obergailbach , which is 2 km up the valley, is derived from the Gailbach, which flows through both towns and flows down into the Blies . This rises a little above Obergailbach. The Gailbach is called Gelbach in the local dialect (like the place itself) .
location
Niedergailbach is located in the southernmost part of the Saarpfalz district in a side valley of the Bliestal 1 km from the German-French border. The neighboring village of Obergailbach, 2 km up the valley, belongs to France . The history of Niedergailbach has been shaped for centuries by its border location.
Other neighboring villages are Gersheim and Reinheim .
Niedergailbach im Tal (220 m above sea level) is surrounded by the Sperrberg ( the Sperrberg ) mountains ; 348 m above sea level NN , Buchenberg ( Buchebersch ), Buchenbüsch ( Bischebisch ) and the Galgenberg 268 m above sea level. NN , who is usually called Humarich on site .
Sperrberg, Buchenberg
The highest point is the skull with 387 m above sea level. From this mountain, which lies to the east (seen downstream, on the right) of the Gailbach, two long ridges lead out towards Niedergailbach. One is the Sperrberg (the Sperrberg) and the other the Buchenberg . Between the two runs the Elleretal in which the Wallringer Bach flows, which is also called Ellerebach (= Erlenbach). The Ellerebach rises from the Buchenberg and, after having crossed the Elleretal , flows into the Gailbach . On the steep flank of the Sperrberg to the Elleretal, the stone used to build the houses in Niedergailbach used to be broken in several places. Today a bird sanctuary is designated there.
Buchenbüsch, Galgenberg and Humarich
West (seen bach down left) from Gailbach is the book Biisch and this upstream direction Bliestal the Humarich or gallows . The small brook Litzelbach rises from the beech bush .
The name of the beech mountain and the beech bush , in whose upper valley Obergailbach lies, bear witness to the beech tree that naturally predominates there . Today the landscape is strongly characterized by grassland and fields, also by now often neglected orchards and small wooded areas. This diversity and the orchards lead to a great diversity of species.
Geology, Triassic Basin, Muschelkalk
From a geological point of view, Niedergailbach is located in the so-called Saargemünd-Zweibrücker Triasmulde . The shell limestone deposits are characteristic of the region . The layers of earth run at an angle of about 3 degrees towards Blies. The middle Muschelkalk is impermeable to water. This is why rainwater runs into the local mountains, but is stopped by this middle-altitude layer and emerges again at a source horizon following the slope of the layer.
In the upper area of the mountains, fossils of mussels and ammonites from the Triassic period can be found again and again under the field stones that were churned up during agriculture .
On the Kleine Steige there is dolomite slate open.
surface
The formerly independent municipality of Niedergailbach has been one of nine districts of the municipality of Gersheim since 1974. The district extends over an area of 519 hectares, of which 320 hectares are agricultural, 130 hectares of forest and 20 hectares of built-up area. There are 14 clubs and associations.
history
The border location with France shaped the history of Niedergailbach decisively. A frequent change of territorial affiliation was the fate of the Bliesgaudorf, which was first mentioned in a document around 1150 (at that time it belonged to the Bitsch rule in the Duchy of Lorraine ). Archaeological finds, however, date back to the Stone Age . Settlements from Roman times were also found.
The so-called equestrian grave in Niedergailbach is remarkable because only two other similar graves are known in Germany. According to the latest research, it is dated between 1609 and 1733, but actually more in the middle of the 17th century.
On January 1, 1974 Niedergailbach was incorporated into the community of Gersheim.
Timeline
- 1297: As part of an exchange agreement, the Bitsch reign is handed over to the Count of Zweibrücken as a fiefdom .
- 1606: According to the contract with the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg , Niedergailbach again belongs to the Duchy of Lorraine .
- 1766: The place becomes part of the Kingdom of France .
- 1783: Niedergailbach changes to the Blieskastel ( von der Leyen ) rulership .
- 1814: An epidemic ( heated illness ) breaks out. Many residents die.
- 1816: Niedergailbach now joins the royal Bavarian Rhine district (Palatinate).
- 1935: After the Saar referendum , the Saar area is incorporated into the German Reich.
- 1939/45: Second World War : The church, the school and most of the houses are destroyed. As part of the evacuation of the Red Zone , the village population is being evacuated twice to other regions of Germany for longer periods of time.
- 1947: The Saarland comes closer to France again politically and economically .
- 1957: After the vote on the Saar Statute in 1955, political integration into the Federal Republic of Germany takes place.
- 1974: Communal independence ends. Niedergailbach becomes the municipality of Gersheim.
politics
Local council
Allocation of seats in the local council (municipal election 2009):
- CDU : 7 seats
- unoccupied: 2 seats
Mayor
Martin Vogelgesang (CDU) is the mayor .
coat of arms
The coat of arms is quartered. At the top right and bottom left in red, a golden wave bar: The Gailbach gave the place its name. Above left in gold: The red lion of the Counts of Zweibrücken-Bitsch . Lower right in gold: the mangled red eagle ( Alérion ) of the Dukes of Lorraine .
The coat of arms of the district symbolizes on the one hand the place name and on the other hand the territorial affiliation of the place over centuries.
Villagescape
Due to the effects of the war, little of the old structure in Niedergailbach has been preserved. 82% of the houses were partly badly damaged or destroyed. Of the roughly 160 houses, only 13% are from before 1900, 13% from the period between 1900 and 1940 and 70% are from the middle of the 20th century. The old structure is concentrated in the area around the church, Obere Straße and Bergstraße. There are also the buildings of the former Folz mill.
The southwest German Einhaus predominates in the older buildings . The paths from the house and barn are paved or “struck” with local, unhewn limestone. There are green spaces between the entrances. Often there is still a bench and a house tree.
After the Second World War, Niedergailbach gradually broke away from its rural structure without completely losing it.
In 2001 the village won the gold medal in the competition Our village should be more beautiful - our village has a future .
Churches and monuments
_vom_Sperrberg_aus_gesehen.JPG)
Churches
Brother Klaus Church
Since its consecration on August 28, 1954, the parish church of St. Nikolaus von der Flüe has also served as the church of the Catholic community, for a short time also the Brother Klaus Church. The church is dedicated to the Swiss saint of peace, Nikolaus von Flüe . Local limestone was used as building material for the nave and the 18 meter high tower. It was painted and co-designed by Richard Seewald .
The previous church, built in 1721 and consecrated to Saint Hubertus , was destroyed in the Second World War.
Lady Chapel
At the cemetery a Marienkapelle was built, which was decorated with a wood replica, executed by an Oberammergau woodcarver, the Madonna of Stalingrad by Kurt Reuber . The Marienkapelle was built in 1816, enlarged and rebuilt in 1856, destroyed in the war in 1939/1945 and renovated and redesigned in 1968. On May 4th, 1968 it was consecrated as a Peace Chapel and placed under the protection of the Madonna of Stalingrad.
Gallery Marienkapelle and Stalingrad Madonna
Marienkapelle Niedergailbach from the southwest
Marienkapelle from the south, on the right the monument to the fallen of the First and Second World Wars
Altar room Marienkapelle Niedergailbach
Reproduction of the Stalingrad Madonna Niedergailbach
Small steps
The "Kleine Steige", a listed building, is a set of stairs that connects the upper village with the lower village. It was built from limestone by Niedergailbach citizens in the 19th century. The effects of the war and weathering made a restoration necessary. The building was last restored in 1986/1987.
Entry into the Kleine Steige in Unterdorf
Visible on the ascent on the slope: dolomite slate
Detail: exposed dolomite slate
View from the intermediate section of the Kleine Steige onto the Bruder-Klaus-Kirche
Village fountain
After the water supply was established, one of the former six public wells remained. This originally built in 1758 well is of a neo-Gothic fountain Stock adorned sandstone. The state conservator's office classifies the complex as a building worth protecting and preserving. In 1990 the fountain trough was restored. Since 1981, four new wells made of local materials (limestone and sandstone) have been built in the village.
Fountain at the fork in the road at Bischof-Weiß-Straße and Sperrweg, which leads to the Sperrberg, detail of the spring tap and ammonite walled in above
Well at the fork to the Sperrweg, detail of walled-in ammonite
Fountain at the Bruder-Klaus-Kirche, on the right the former kindergarten of Niedergailbach
Gelbach coat of arms at the church fountain
Well between Kleiner and Großer Steige, east of the Gailbach
Fountain with a neo-Gothic fountain stick west of the bridge over the Gailbach
Crossroads
- In the Bischof-Weis-Straße, by the old village fountain, there is a tall, richly illustrated cross from the 18th century, which was restored in 1999. The shaft is decorated with reliefs of Mary and John; Katharina with a wheel can be seen on the base, while the figure at her side can be interpreted as Joseph.
Crossroads west of the Gailbach (Gelbach) on Bischof-Weis-Straße, near the neo-Gothic fountain
Close up of the wayside cross
Wayside cross Bischof-Weiß-Str. in the Gelbachtal, detail cross
Middle detail: reliefs of Maria and Johannes
Detail base: St. Katharina with a wheel , figure at her side: Josef (?)
Crossroads on the Sperrweg
- Another sandstone cross, erected in 1745, is located in front of a farmhouse on "Obere Straße". On the base a relief of Saint Hubert with a deer.
Crossroads from 1745 at the
corner of Obere Strasse and Bischof-Weiß-Strasse
Detail cross
Detail middle
Detail of the base
- On the Sperrweg, marked “Köpchen”, an oak cross reminds of the murder of a Niedergailbacher in the past century.
- Out of gratitude, a Niedergailbach citizen erected a granite cross at the end of Bergstrasse in 1975.
- At the beginning of the 1990s, a Niedergailbach citizen had a wooden cross erected on Aufeldweg.
- A wayside shrine with the inscription "Three times wonderful / Mother of Schoenstatt / Please for us" stands at the bridge over the Wallringer Bach.
Customs
In earlier times, on the night of May 1st, the favored girl / woman was given a "May" by the suitor made of birch twigs.
Fair
The "most important festival" in Ordinary Time is the traditional Gälbacher Zeltkirb , the second-last weekend of August with Straußbuwe and Straußmäde , Kirwestrauß and Kirweredd is celebrated. For 40 years the working group of the local associations has organized the Kirb in the marquee.
Sebastianus Festival and Vow Procession
The Niedergailbacher have been worshiping Saint Sebastian since 1814 . When the village, which had 350 inhabitants at the time, was hit by the so-called hot illness and many Niedergailbachers died, the villagers vowed a candlelight procession in honor of the saint on his feast day. The candlelight procession to the Marienkapelle has been held every year since 1914 on the last Sunday in May (until 1913 on the Sunday after St. Sebastian's Day).
Klepperbuwe
On Good Friday and Holy Saturday, when the bells fall silent, the altar boys and girls from time immemorial go through the town with their clogs and announce the morning, noon and evening prayers as well as the services.
Epiphany singing
For 31 years the altar boys and girls have been going from house to house on January 6th as Caspar, Melchior and Balthasar, wishing all the residents good luck in the New Year and collecting donations.
our village should become more beautiful
Niedergailbach has taken part in the competition Our village should be beautiful since 1966 and has won several times:
- 1990 the gold medal at the state level and the silver medal at the federal level,
- 2000 the gold medal at state level
- 2001 the gold medal at federal level
The decisive factor in each case was the lively club and community life.
Well-known Niedergailbachers
- Joseph Eduard Konrad Bischoff (1828–1920), writer and theologian, known by the author's name Konrad von Bolanden
- Dietrich Becker (1830–1879), cathedral capitular and cathedral pastor in Speyer, director of the Episcopal Konviktes St. Joseph, writer
- Siegfried Wack (* 1943), Mayor of Gersheim, District Administrator of the Uecker-Randow district
Web links
- Niedergailbach website
- Search for Niedergailbach in the German Digital Library
- Search for Niedergailbach in the SPK digital portal of the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation
- Literature about Niedergailbach in the Saarland Bibliography
Individual evidence
- ^ Anna Michaela Loew: An equestrian grave of the early modern times in Niedergailbach . In: Saarpfalz - sheets for history and folklore, No. 111, December 2011, Saarpfalz-Kreis (ed.), ISSN 0930-1011
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 809 .
- ↑ Local election 2009 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 93 kB)
- ↑ Local councils and mayor ( memento of January 30, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) On: Archived copy ( memento of December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on December 1, 2015
- ↑ Gersheim Commercial and Tourist Office (ed.): 2009/10 A region moves. Information for guests. Gersheim and its villages, Wollenschneider printing works, Saarbrücken-Ensheim, page 14.15
- ↑ St. Nikolaus von der Flüe. Diocese of Speyer, archived from the original on January 27, 2016 ; Retrieved March 7, 2013 .
- ↑ Bronze plaque at the Marienkapelle Niedergailbach: File: Marienkapelle Niedergailbach, Bronzetafel.JPG
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